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The autophagy protein Atg9 functions.in glia and contributes to parkinsonian symptoms.in a Drosophila model of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 1150-1155页

作者： shuanglong yi Linfang Wang Margaret s.Ho s.iping Zhang school of Life s.ience and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina College of Life s.iences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Parkinson’s disease is a progres.ive neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor deficits,dopaminergic neuron loss,and brain accumulation ofα-synuclein aggregates called Lewy *** in protein degradation pathways,such as autophagy,has been demonstrated in neurons as a critical mechanism for eliminating protein aggregates.in Parkinson’s ***,it is less well understood how protein aggregates are eliminated in glia,the other cell type in the *** the present study,we show that autophagy-related gene 9(Atg9),the only transmembrane protein in the autophagy machinery,is highly expressed in Drosophila glia from adult *** from immunostaining and live cell imaging analysis reveal that a portion of Atg9 localizes to the trans-Golgi network,autophagosomes,and lysosomes.in ***9 is persistently in contact with these *** glial atg9 reduces the number of omegasomes and autophagosomes,and impairs autophagic substrate *** suggests that glial Atg9 participates.in the early steps of autophagy,and hence the control of autophagic ***,loss of glial atg9 induces parkinsonian symptoms.in Drosophila including progres.ive loss of dopaminergic neurons,locomotion deficits,and glial *** findings.identify a functional role of Atg9 in glial autophagy and establish a potential link between glial autophagy and Parkinson’s *** results may provide new insights on the underlying mechanism of Parkinson’s disease.

关键词： Atg9 autophagy glia Parkinson’s disease

维普期刊数据库

shor's algorithm does not factor large integers.in the presence of noise

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s.ience China(information s.iences) 2024年第7期67卷 305-320页

作者： Jin-yi CAi College of Letters and s.ience University of Wisconsin

We consider shor's quantum factoring algorithm in the setting of noisy quantum gates. Under a generic model of random noise for(controlled) rotation gates, we prove that the algorithm does not factor integers of the form pq when the noise exceeds a vanis.ingly small level in terms of n—the number of bits of the integer to be factored, where p and q are from a well-defined set of primes of positive density. We further prove that with probability 1-o(1) over random prime pairs(p, q), shor's factoring algorithm does not factor numbers of the form pq, with the same level of random noise present.

关键词： random noise shor's algorithm rotation gates quantum computing prime factorization

How to build a habitable planet:an interview with Charles H. Langmuir

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National s.ience Review 2024年第6期11卷 76-80页

作者： yi-Gang Xu the Guangzhou ins.itute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

Earth is the only known habitable planet in the solar system. Understanding how Earth developed its unique habitability has been the frontier of Earth s.iences and has become one of the main themes of current deep-space explorations. What are the decisive factors that led to a habitable planet? What is the role of solid Earth processes.in the origin of life and in modulating the surface environment? Are Earth’s habitability studies relevant to current challenges that human beings face? These ques.ions have attracted the interest of both s.ientists and the public alike.

关键词： Earth (planet)

The Functional Redundancy of Neddylation E2s and E3s.in Modulating the Fitness of Regulatory T Cells

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Research 2024年第2期2023卷 373-387页

作者： Di Wu yi sun Cancer ins.itute(Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and intervention China National Ministry of Education)of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Translational MedicineZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310029China Cancer Center of Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029China Zhejang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer Zhejang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical s.iences Zhejang ProvinceChina Research Center for Life s.ience and Human Health Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310053China

Neddylation is necessary for activation of Cullin-RiNG ligases(CRLs),which degrade various.immune regulatory *** recent study showed that while depletion of neddylation E2-E3 pair Ube2f-sag in regulatory T(T_(reg))cells had no obvious phenotype,the same depletion of either Ube2m or Rbx1 caused inflammation disorders with different *** these E2s or E3s compensate each other in functional regulations of T_(reg)cells.is,however,previously *** this report,we generated Foxp3^(Cre);Ube2m^(fl/fl);Ube2f^(fl/fl)or Foxp3^(Cre);Rbx1^(fl/fl);sag^(fl/fl)double-null mice by simultaneous deletion of both neddylation E2s or E3s.in T_(reg)cells,***,Ube2m&Ube2f double-null mice developed much severe autoimmune phenotypes than did Ube2m-null mice,indicating that Ube2m markedly compensates Ube2f in T_(reg)*** minor worsened autoimmune phenotypes seen at the very early stage in Rbx1&sag double-null than Rbx1-null mice is likely due to already severe phenotypes of the later,indicating a minor compensation of Rbx1 for *** RNA profiling-based analyses revealed that up-and down-regulations of few signaling pathways.in T_(reg)cells are associated with the severity of autoimmune ***,severer inflammation phenotypes seen in mice with double E3-null than with double E2-null T_(reg)cells.indicate a neddylation-independent mechanism of 2 E3s,also known to serve as the RiNG component of CRLs.in regulation of T_(reg)cell fitness.

关键词： Foxp3 inflammation markedly

Real-World Evidence of Multiple Air Pollutants and Mortality:A Prospective Cohort study in an Oldest-Old Population

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Environment & Health 2024年第1期2卷 23-33页

作者： Linxin Liu yi Zeng John s.Ji Vanke school of Public Health and school of Medicine Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina 100084 Center for the study of Aging and Human Development School of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNorth Carolina 27710United States Center for Healthy Aging and Development studies National School of DevelopmentPeking UniversityBeijingChina 100091 Vanke school of Public Health Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina 100084

We aimed to report real-world longitudinal ambient air pollutants levels compared to WHO Air Quality Guidelines(AQG)and analyze multiple air pollutants’joint effect on longevity,and the modification and confounding from the climate and urbanization with a focus on the *** study included 13,207 old participants with 73.3%aged 80 and beyond,followed up from 2008 to 2018 in 23 Chinese *** used the Cox-proportional hazards model and quantile-based g-computation model to measure separate and joint effects of the multiple *** adjusted for climate and area economic factors based on a directed acyclic *** 2018,no participants met the WHO AQG for PM_(2.5) and O_(3),and about one-third met the AQG for NO_(2).The hazard ratio(HR)for mortality was 1.07(95%confidence interval-Ci:1.05,1.09)per decile increase in all three pollutants,with PM_(2.5) being the dominant contributor according to the quantile-based g-computation *** the three-pollutant model,the HRs(95%Ci)for PM_(2.5) and NO_(2) were 1.27(1.25,1.3)and 1.08(1.05,1.12)per 10μg/m3 increase,*** oldest-old experienced a much lower mortality risk from air pollution compared to the *** mortality risk of PM_(2.5) was higher in areas with higher annual average *** adjustment of road density considerably intensified the association between NO_(2) and *** ambient PM_(2.5) and O_(3) levels.in China exceeded the WHO AQG target *** pollutants coexposure,confounding,and modification of the district economic and climate factors should not be ignored in the association between air pollution and mortality.

关键词： air quality multiple exposures climate district economic health equity

Volatiles.in the mantle transition zone and their effects on big mantle wedge systems

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National s.ience Review 2024年第6期11卷 15-18页

作者： Yu Wang yi-Gang Xu state Key Laboratory of isotope Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences southern Marine s.ience and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)

The mantle transition zone (MTZ), located between the upper and lower mantle, is characterized by sudden s.is.icvelocity discontinuities at depths of 410 and 660 km where significant change in mineralogical composition occurs. As a link between the upper and lower mantle,the MTZ is a layer of special significance in Earth’s deep structure, and a critical interface in geodynamics and material circulation.

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Neddylation Regulation of immune Responses

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Research 2024年第3期2023卷 545-559页

作者： Hongmei Mao Xin Lin yi sun Cancer ins.itute(Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and intervention China National Ministry of Education)of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Translational MedicineZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310029China ins.itute for immunology School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Changping Laboratory Beijing 102206China Cancer Center of Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029China Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical s.iences HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Research Center for Life s.ience and Human Health Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310053China.

Neddylation plays a vital role in post-translational modification, intricately shaping the regulation of diverse biological processes, including those related to cellular immune responses. in fact, neddylation exerts control over both innate and adaptive immune systems via various mechanisms. specifically, neddylation influences the function and survival of innate immune cells, activation of pattern recognition receptors and GMP-AMP synthase–s.imulator of interferon genes pathways, as well as the release of various cytokines.in innate immune reactions. Moreover, neddylation also governs the function and survival of antigen-presenting cells, which are crucial for initiating adaptive immune reactions. in addition, neddylation regulates T cell activation, proliferation, differentiation, survival, and their effector functions, thereby ensuring an appropriate adaptive immune response. in this review, we summarize the most recent findings.in these aspects and delve into the connection between dysregulated neddylation events and immunological disorders, especially inflammatory diseases. Lastly, we propose future directions and potential treatments for these diseases by targeting neddylation.

关键词： activation thereby initiating

Unconditionally stable Crank-Nicolson algorithm with enhanced absorption for rotationally symmetric multi-scale problems.in anisotropic magnetized plasma

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Journal of systems Engineering and Electronics 2024年第1期35卷 65-73页

作者： WEN yi WANG Junxiang XU Hongbing school of Automatic Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Beijing ins.itute of Aerospace systems Engineering Beijing 100076China

Large calculation error can be formed by directly employing the conventional Yee’s grid to curve *** order to alleviate such condition,unconditionally stable CrankNicolson Douglas-Gunn(CNDG)algorithm with is proposed for rotationally symmetric multi-scale problems.in anisotropic magnetized *** the CNDG algorithm,an alternative scheme for the simulation of anisotropic plasma is proposed in body-of-revolution *** perfectly matched layer(CPML)formulation is proposed to efficiently solve the open region *** example is carried out for the illustration of effectiveness.including the efficiency,resources,and *** the results.it can be concluded that the proposed scheme shows considerable performance during the simulation.

关键词： anisotropic magnetized plasma body-of-revolution(BOR) Crank-Nicolson Douglas-Gunn(CNDG) finite-difference time-domain(FDTD) perfectly matched layer(PML) rotationally symmetric multi-scale problems

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Hematite-facilitated microbial ammoxidation for enhanced nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands

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Frontiers of Environmental s.ience & Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 35-45页

作者： Hao Qin Wenbo Nie Duo yi Dongxu Yang Mengli Chen Tao Liu yi Chen Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment(Ministry of Education) Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China College of Environment and Ecology Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China Faculty of Geos.iences and Environmental Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China

Constructed wetlands(CWs)are widely applied for decentralized wastewater ***,achieving efficient removal of ammonia(NH+-N)has proven challenging due to insufficient *** this study,natural hematite(Fe,O3)was employed as a CW substrate(H-CWs)for the first time to drive anaerobic ammonia oxidation coupled with iron(i)reduction(Feammox).Compared to gravel constructed wetlands(G-CWs),ammonia removal was enhanced by 38.14%to 54.03%and nitrous oxide(N_(2)0)emis.ions were reduced by 34.60%in *** synergis.ic removal of ammonia and nitrate by H-CWs also resulted in the absence of ammoxidation *** and 15N isotope tracer incubations showed that Feammox accounting for approximately 40%of all ammonia removal in the *** enrichment of iron phosphate(Fe_(3)Fe_(4)(PO_(4))_(6))promoted the accumulation of the Feammox intermediate compound *** nanowires were observed on the surface of H-CW substrates as well,sugges.ing that the observed biological ammoxidation was most likely related to extracellular electron transfer(EET).Microbial and metagenomics analysis revealed that H-CWs elevated the integrity and enhanced the abundance of functional microorganisms and genes associated with nitrogen ***,the efficient ammonia removal in the absence of O2 together with a reduction in N_(2)O emis.ions as described in this study may provide useful guidance for hematite-mediated anaerobic ammonia removal in CWs.

关键词： Constructed wetlands Nitrogen removal Feammox Hematite iron cycle