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Single-Molecule Fluorescence Imaging of Nanocatalysis

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2021年第6期39卷 1459-1470页

作者： Yi Xiao Weilin Xu State Key Laboratory of Electroonalytical Chemistry and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Chemical Power Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences5625 Renmin StreetChangchunJilin 130022China University of Science and Technology of China HefeiAnhui 230026China

Single-molecule fluorescence microscopy(SMFM)has been considered as a powerful tool to study nanocatalysis of single nanoparticles,due to its single-molecule sensitivity and high spatiotemporal resolution.In this review,we discuss recent progresses on investigating nanocatalysis at single-mol-ecule/particle level by using SMFM.The discussion focuses on the applications of single-molecule methods in probing the chemocatalysis,electrocatalysis,photocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis.Finally,we provide our opinions on limitations and prospects of the single-molecule fluorescence approach for investigating nanocatalysis.

关键词： Single-molecule studies Fluorescence Single nanoparticles Super-resolution imaging Heterogeneous catalysis

Gravel excavation and geomorphic evolution of the mining affected river in the upstream reach of the Yangtze River,China

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第2期37卷 272-286页

作者： Yi Xiao Wenjie Li Shengfa Yang National Inland Waterway Regulation Engineering Research Center Chongqing Jiaotong University

As economic development upstream in the Yangtze River basin has progressed in recent decades,the demand for sediment has rapidly increased and contributed to an expansion in sediment excavation that may affect the river’s stability and navigation safety.In the current study,the distribution of gravel mining in the upstream reach of the Yangtze River was investigated using field measurements obtained from2008 to 2017.An experimental investigation was then done to analyze the bed load behavior in a typical mined channel using a physical river model.Finally,a two-dimensional hydrodynamic-sediment transport numerical model was developed to predict the evolution of the mined channel.The results indicate that gravel mining was mainly distributed among the following nine river sections:Tongluoxia-yibin,Erlong-Xianglutan,Naxi-Jinkou,Binpangqi-Hongyanqi,Chayuqi-Shenbeizui,Yangshipan-Shangbaisha,Dongxikou,Baisha-Wenzhongba,and Jiangjin-Shenzhongba.The gravel shoals near the riverbank have been destroyed,and the bed topography has been altered by up to 1.65 × 10;m;over the past 10 years.A bed load velocity formula was proposed to describe bed load transport in the mined channel based on dimensional analysis.The recovery process of the excavation pits was slow in both the experiments and simulations,with only 0.12% and 1.39%,respectively,of the mined amounts of gravel being restored.Finally,the recovery rate of the mining pits gradually slowed as the sediment supply from upstream decreased,suggesting that the destroyed gravel shoals rarely returned to their original forms due to the combined operation of hydro-projects in upstream areas and limited sediment storage in the channel.

关键词： Gravel mining Bed load transport Channel evolution Yangtze River upstream 2D numerical model

Asthma and Obstructive Sleep Apnea

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Chinese Medical Journal 2015年第20期128卷 2798-2804页

作者： yi-Xian Qiao Yi Xiao Department of Internal Medicine Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730 China Department of Respiratory Medicine Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730 China

Objective： To get a comprehensive understanding about the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea （OSA） and asthma by reviewing the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestation and then summarizing the latest progress on diagnosis and treatment. Data Sources： Articles referred in this review were mainly collected from a comprehensive search of the PubMed published in English from 1990 to 2015 with the terms ＂OSA＂ and ＂asthma＂ as the main keywords. Highly regarded older publications were also included. Study Selection： Intbrmation about the features of the two diseases in common, the pathophysiologic association between them and their current treatments from the literature search were identified, retrieved, and summarized. Results： Both OSA and asthma are very prevalent conditions. The incidences of them have kept on rising in recent years. Asthma is often accompanied by snoring and apnea, and OSA often combines with asthma, as well. They have many predisposing and aggravating factors in colnmon. Possible shared direct mechanistic links between them include mechanical effects, intermittent hypoxia, nerve reflex, inflammation, leptin, etc. Indirect mechanistic links include medication, nose diseases, smoking, obesity, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Since OSA presents many similar features with nocturnal asthma, some scholars termed them as a sole syndrome - ＂alternative overlap syndrome,＂ and proved that asthma symptoms in those patients could be improved through the treatment of continuous positive airway pressure. Conclusions： OSA and asthma are closely associated in pathogenesis, symptoms, and therapies. With the growing awareness of the relationship between them, we should raise our vigilance on the coexistence of OSA in those difficult-to-control asthmatic patients. Further studies are still needed to guide the clinical works.

关键词： Asthma： Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Obesity： Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Combination for Conflicting Interval-Valued Belief Structures with CSUI-DST Method

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2022年第5期31卷 980-990页

作者： LI Shuangming GUAN Xin Yi Xiao SUN Guidong Naval Aviation University Unit 92941 of PLA Unit 32801 of PLA

Since the basic probability of an intervalvalued belief structure(IBS) is assigned as interval number, its combination becomes difficult. Especially, when dealing with highly conflicting IBSs, most of the existing combination methods may cause counter-intuitive results,which can bring extra heavy computational burden due to nonlinear optimization model, and lose the good property of associativity and commutativity in Dempster-Shafer theory(DST). To address these problems, a novel conflicting IBSs combination method named CSUI(conflict,similarity, uncertainty, intuitionistic fuzzy sets)-DST method is proposed by introducing a similarity measurement to measure the degree of conflict among IBSs, and an uncertainty measurement to measure the degree of discord, non-specificity and fuzziness of IBSs. Considering these two measures at the same time, the weight of each IBS is determined according to the modified reliability degree. From the perspective of intuitionistic fuzzy sets, we propose the weighted average IBSs combination rule by the addition and number multiplication operators. The effectiveness and rationality of this combination method are validated with two numerical examples and its application in target recognition.

关键词： Conflicting IBSs Similarity and uncertainty measure Addition and number multiplication operators Weight

Breast cancer screening and early diagnosis in Chinese women

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2022年第4期19卷 450-467页

作者： Rui Ding Yi Xiao Miao Mo ying Zheng yi-Zhou Jiang Zhi-Ming Shao Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai Department of Breast SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai 200032China Department of Oncology Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Department of Cancer Prevention Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterDepartment of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Precision Cancer Medicine Center Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai 200032China

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in Chinese women,and its incidence is increasing.Regular screening is an effective method for early tumor detection and improving patient prognosis.In this review,we analyze the epidemiological changes and risk factors associated with breast cancer in China and describe the establishment of a screening strategy suitable for Chinese women.Chinese patients with breast cancer tend to be younger than Western patients and to have denser breasts.Therefore,the age of initial screening in Chinese women should be earlier,and the importance of screening with a combination of ultrasound and mammography is stressed.Moreover,Chinese patients with breast cancers have several ancestry-specific genetic features,and aiding in the determination of genetic screening strategies for identifying high-risk populations.On the basis of current studies,we summarize the development of risk-stratified breast cancer screening guidelines for Chinese women and describe the significant improvement in the prognosis of patients with breast cancer in China.

关键词： Breast cancer screening Chinese imaging screening genetic test

A simple image-based method for online moisture content estimation of iron ore green pellets

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2023年第5期30卷 851-863页

作者： Shu-yi Zhou xiao-yan Liu College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082HunanChina Innovation Institute of Industrial Design and Machine Intelligence Quanzhou-Hunan University Quanzhou 362006FujianChina

Moisture content(MC)is an important quality metric of iron ore green pellets in pelletizing process in ironmaking industry.Current image-based methods for MC estimation may result in big errors for gray-scale pellet images captured under various lighting conditions.We proposed a simple image-based method to improve the MC estimation accuracy by illumination correction and linear regression modeling.Firstly,the illumination of the pellet image was transformed into the reference illumination by use of a color checker chart and piecewise linear interpolation,so that the influence of different illuminations could be greatly reduced.By experimental analysis,it was found that MC is approximately adversely proportional to the average intensity of the transformed images.A simple model for MC prediction was then established by linear fitting.Experiments demonstrated that the proposed method has good robustness to different lighting conditions and achieves the best performance in metrics of mean square error,mean absolute error and maximum absolute error in comparison with five state-of-art MC estimating methods.Application on a working disk pelletizer shows that the proposed method can predict well the change of moisture content with time,and its computing efficiency can satisfy the requirement for online MC monitoring during the pelletizing process.

关键词： Green pellet Moisture content Image processing Pelletizing process

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试论工匠精神与工匠文化的培育

辽东学院学报（社会科学版） 2017年第5期19卷 80-85页

作者：肖艺辽东学院商学院辽宁丹东118001

本文在明晰工匠精神内涵的基础上,尝试阐明工匠精神延展为工匠文化,能够有效解决质量与效益的矛盾、单一主体与多主体协作之间的矛盾,重新选择企业文化的核心价值观,转换企业文化模式,建立完善的行为规范体系,有效地培育我国的工匠文化。

关键词：工匠精神延展工匠文化培育

Accurate Distinction of Weak and Strong AC Grids for Emerging Hierarchical-Infeed LCC-UHVDC Systems

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 772-777页

作者： Hao xiao Xianzhong Duan yi Zhang Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of ManitobaWinnipeg R3T 2N2ManitobaCanada State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Hubei Electric Power Security and High Efficiency Key LaboratorySchool of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina RTDS Technologies Inc. Winnipeg R3T 2E1ManitobaCanada

Distinction of weak and strong AC grids for emerging hierarchical-infeed LCC-UHVDC systems is important for planning and operation departments. However, accuracy of earlier distinction methods is limited as they were developed by empirical reasoning without rigorous theoretical analysis. Hence in this letter, hierarchical-infeed interactive effective short-circuit ratio (HIESCR) index is first used for strength evaluation of HIDC systems with complex inter-inverter interactions considered. Boundary HIESCR (BHIESCR) is also introduced in the proposed distinction method of weak and strong AC grids. That is, weak (or strong) AC grids are, respectively, identified when HIESCR is less (or greater) than BHIESCR. Second, it is shown BHIESCR remains almost unchanged as 3.0 versus various system parameters and rated operation variables based on rigorous theoretical analysis. This salient feature makes the proposed method more accurate than earlier methods. Finally, the proposed method is validated by simulations based on the PSCAD/EMTDC program.

关键词： Hierarchical-Infeedinteractive effective short-circuit ratio hierarchical-infeed LCC-UHVDC systems inter-inverter interactions strong AC grids weak AC grids

Experimental evolution and proximate mechanisms in biology

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2017年第4期2卷 253-258页

作者： xiao yi BioTechnology Institute University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMN 55108USA

Biological functions e studied by molecular,systems and behavioral biology e are referred to as proximate mechanisms.Why and how they have emerged from the course of evolution are referred to as ultimate mechanisms.Despite the conceptual and technical schism between the disciplines that focus on each,studies from one side can benefit the other.Experimental evolution is an emerging field at the crossroads of functional and evolutionary biology.Herein microorganisms and mammalian cell lines evolve in well-controlled laboratory environments over multiple generations.Phenotypic changes arising from the process are then characterized in genetics and function to understand the evolutionary process.While providing empirical tests to evolutionary questions,such studies also offer opportunities of new insights into proximate mechanisms.Experimental evolution optimizes biological systems by means of adaptation;the adapted systems with their mutations present unique perturbed states of the systems that generate new and often unexpected output/performance.Hence,learning about these states not only adds to but also might deepen knowledge on the proximate processes.To demonstrate this point,five examples in experimental evolution are introduced,and their relevance to functional biology explicated.In some examples,from evolution experiments,updates were made to known proximate processes e gene regulation and cell polarization.In some examples,new contexts were found for known proximate processes e cell division and drug resistance of cancer.In one example,a new cellular mechanism was discovered.These cases identify ways the approach of experimental evolution can be used to ask questions in functional biology.

关键词： Experimental evolution Proximate mechanisms Ultimate mechanisms Gene network Modules