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Quantitative scenario construction of typical disasters driven by ontology data

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2023年第2期4卷 159-166页

作者： Jing Qian Yi LIU Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

This study introduces a quantitative scenario-building method for analyzing emergency scenarios based on onto-logical methods and the Eoc(element-object-consequence)model.The ontological structure of disasters concisely describes the knowledge,concepts,attributes,and relationships of the disaster scenario.It reduces the granular-ity of the data from the document to the data level.Disaster ontologies comprise a set of basic knowledge of a given domain,which is reusable,relatively fixed,and applicable in different areas at different periods.The EOC model is based on the ontology of a disaster and adopts a multiclass structure for the development of a complete process scenario and the adaptation of a disaster scenario by combining objects,elements,environments,and consequences.

关键词： Semanticanalysis Disaster Scenarioconstruction EoCmodel Quantitative

Defect engineering of vanadium-based electrode materials for zinc ion battery

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第7期34卷 78-86页

作者： ying liu Yi LIU Xiang Wu School of Materials Science and Engineering Shenyang University of TechnologyShenyang 110870China

With the quick development of sustainable energy sources, aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs) have become a highly potential energy storage technology. It is a crucial step to construct desired electrode materials for improving the total performance of AZIBs. In recent years, considerable efforts have focused on the modification of vanadium-based cathode materials. In this review, we summarized defect engineering strategies of vanadium-based cathodes, including oxygen defects, cation vacancies and heterogeneous doping. Then, we discussed the effect of various defects on the electrochemical performance of electrode materials. Finally, we proposed the future challenges and development directions of V-based cathode materials.

关键词： Aqueous zinc ion batteries Vanadium-based materials Cathodel energy storage devices Defect engineering

Evaluation of water management on arsenic methylation and volatilization in arsenic-contaminated soils strengthened by bioaugmentation and biostimulation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 515-526页

作者： Peng Chen Yi LIU Guo-Xin Sun State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Arsenic(As) fate in paddy fields has been one of the most significant current issues due to the strong As accumulation potential of rice plants under fooded conditions. However,no attempt was done to explore As methylation and volatilization under non-fooded conditions. Herein, we investigated the effects of water management on As methylation and volatilization in three arsenic-contaminated soils enhanced by biostimulation with strawderived organic matter and bioaugmentation with genetic engineered Pseudomonas putida KT2440(GE P. putida). Under fooded conditions, the application of biochar(BC), rice straw(RS)and their combination(BC+RS) increased total As in porewater. However, these effects were greatly attenuated under non-fooded conditions. Compared with RS amendment alone, the combination of GE P. putida and RS further promoted the As methylation and volatilization,and the promotion percentage under non-fooded conditions were significantly higher than that under fooded conditions. The combined GE P. putida and RS showed the highest efficiency in As methylation(88 μg/L) and volatilization(415.4 μg/(kg·year)) in the non-fooded soil with moderate As contamination. Finally, stepwise multiple linear regression analysis presented that methylated As, DOC and p H in porewater were the most important factors contributing to As volatilization. Overall, our findings suggest that combination of bioaugmentation with GE P. putida and biostimulation with RS/BC+RS is a potential strategy for bioremediation of arsenic-contaminated soils by enhancing As methylation and volatilization under non-fooded conditions.

关键词： Arsenic methylation Arsenic volatilization Water management Straw incorporation Bioaugmentation

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机器中的灵魂《心血运动论》的目的论意涵

科学文化评论 2023年第2期20卷 98-110页

作者：刘逸清华大学科学史系

哈维的《心血运动论》一直以来被历史学家看作是机械论占主导的作品,其中血液循环的发现成为了笛卡尔提出“动物机器”这一机械论身体观的重要论据。然而,哈维深受盖伦和亚里士多德主义的影响,《心血运动论》仍然具有浓厚的目的论底色... 详细信息

哈维的《心血运动论》一直以来被历史学家看作是机械论占主导的作品,其中血液循环的发现成为了笛卡尔提出“动物机器”这一机械论身体观的重要论据。然而,哈维深受盖伦和亚里士多德主义的影响,《心血运动论》仍然具有浓厚的目的论底色。首先,哈维的解剖学以获取灵魂以及灵魂和身体统一体的知识为目标。其次,哈维虽然没有在《心血运动论》中直接提及灵魂,但是他频繁使用的术语“行动”“功用”和“适用性”来自盖伦对身体和灵魂的目的论描述体系,其中“适用性”这一观念最为深刻地体现了“假定的必然性”目的论思想。因此,《心血运动论》中的身体仍然是有灵魂的身体,目的论仍然是《心血运动论》的主导性思想。

关键词：威廉·哈维心血运动论亚里士多德目的论灵魂

Foveated rendering:A state-of-the-art survey

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Computational Visual Media 2023年第2期9卷 195-228页

作者： Lili Wang Xuehuai Shi Yi LIU State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems Beihang UniversityBeijing 100000China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shengzhen 518000China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100000China.

Recently,virtual reality(VR)technology has been widely used in medical,military,manufacturing,entertainment,and other fields.These applications must simulate different complex material surfaces,various dynamic objects,and complex physical phenomena,increasing the complexity of VR scenes.Current computing devices cannot efficiently render these complex scenes in real time,and delayed rendering makes the content observed by the user inconsistent with the user’s interaction,causing discomfort.Foveated rendering is a promising technique that can accelerate rendering.It takes advantage of human eyes’inherent features and renders different regions with different qualities without sacrificing perceived visual quality.Foveated rendering research has a history of 31 years and is mainly focused on solving the following three problems.The first is to apply perceptual models of the human visual system into foveated rendering.The second is to render the image with different qualities according to foveation principles.The third is to integrate foveated rendering into existing rendering paradigms to improve rendering performance.In this survey,we review foveated rendering research from 1990 to 2021.We first revisit the visual perceptual models related to foveated rendering.Subsequently,we propose a new foveated rendering taxonomy and then classify and review the research on this basis.Finally,we discuss potential opportunities and open questions in the foveated rendering field.We anticipate that this survey will provide new researchers with a high-level overview of the state-of-the-art in this field,furnish experts with up-to-date information,and offer ideas alongside a framework to VR display software and hardware designers and engineers.

关键词： foveated rendering virtual reality(VR) real-time rendering

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Borophene gas sensor

Nano Research 2022年第3期15卷 2537-2544页

作者： Chuang Hou Guoan Tai Yi LIU Xiang liu The State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures and Laboratory of Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education College of Aerospace EngineeringNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

High-performance gas sensing devices have been extensively studied in industrial production,clinical medicine and environmental monitoring.Among the materials used to fabricate gas sensors,two-dimensional(2D)materials are viewed as favorable candidate sensing materials because of their high surface-to-volume ratios,abundant surface activity,defect sites.However,gas sensors based on the previously reported 2D materials have some disadvantages such as poor air-stability and slow dynamic response.Recently,borophene,as a unique 2D material,has been theoretically predicted to have excellent gas sensing characteristic,especially for nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)).However,the gas sensing property of borophene has not been still reported experimentally.Here,we report that a chemiresistive sensor device based on borophene shows high sensitivity,fast response,high selectivity,good flexibility and long-time stability.It is found that the sensor has a low experimental detection limit of around 200 ppb,a large detection range from 200 ppb to 100 ppm,and fast response time of 30 s and recovery time of 200 s at room temperature,which are remarkably superior to those of reported 2D materials.The underlying NO_(2) sensing mechanism of borophene is revealed by first-principles calculations.In line with theoretical predication,it has also been confirmed experimentally that the borophene-based sensor has a unique selectivity to NO_(2) compared with other common gases.Furthermore,the sensor also displays superior flexibility and stability under different bending angles.This study shows excellent electronic and sensing characteristic of borophene,which indicates that it has great potential application value in high-performance sensing and detection in the future.

关键词： borophene gas sensor charge transfer wearable application density functional theory

Height Variation in the Summer Quasi-Zero Wind Layer over Dunhuang, Northwest China: A Diagnostic Study

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2022年第4期36卷 618-630页

作者： yi YUAN Yi LIU Lingkun RAN Hua ZHANG School of Environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074 Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081

This study investigates the variation in the stratospheric quasi-zero wind layer(QZWL)over Dunhuang,Gansu Province,China,on 9 August 2020 using sounding observations from the Dunhuang national reference station and the fifth generation of ECMWF atmospheric reanalysis data(ERA5).The QZWL over Dunhuang was located between 18.6 and 20.4 km on 9 August 2020.The South Asian high(SAH)and subtropical westerly jet jointly affected the QZWL.As the SAH retreated westward,the upper-level westerly jet over Dunhuang strengthened,and the jet axis height increased.As a result,the zonal westerly wind was lifted to a higher altitude,and the wind speed of 100–70 hPa increased,raising the QZWL.In addition,the east–west oscillation of the SAH occurred earlier than the adjustment of the QZWL altitude,which can be used as a forecasting indicator for the QZWL.To further explore the mechanism responsible for the QZWL adjustment,the forcing terms in the equations for zonal wind,kinetic energy,and vertical wind shear were analyzed.The results showed that the upper-level geopotential gradient was the basic physical factor forcing the local change in zonal wind and kinetic energy.The change in zonal wind and kinetic energy led to the uplift of the QZWL.The results revealed that the vertical shear of horizontal wind could adequately indicate the stratospheric QZWL location.

关键词： stratospheric quasi-zero wind layer stratospheric airships South Asian high

Beyond graphene oxides: Emerging 2D molecular sieve membranes for efficient separation☆

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第6期27卷 1257-1271页

作者： Yi LIU State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology

Recent decades witnessed the significant progress made in the research field of 2D molecular sieve membranes.In comparison with their 3D counterparts, 2D molecular sieve membranes possessed several unique advantages like significantly reduced membrane thickness(one atom thick in theory) and diversified molecular sieving mechanisms(in-plane pores within nanosheets & interlayer galleries between nanosheets). M. Tsapatsis first carried out pioneering work on fabrication of lamellar ZSM-5 membrane. Since then, diverse 2D materials typically including graphene oxides(GOs) have been fabricated into membranes showing promising prospects in energy-efficient gas separation, pervaporation, desalination and nanofiltration. In addition to GOs, other emerging 2D materials, including 2D zeolites, 2D metal–organic frameworks(MOFs), 2 D covalent-organic frameworks(COFs), layered double hydroxides(LDHs), transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs), MXenes(typically Ti3C2TX), graphitic carbon nitrides(typically g-C3N4), hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN) and montmorillonites(MT) are showing intriguing performance in membrane-based separation process. This article summarized the most recent developments in the field of 2D molecular sieve membranes aside from GOs with particular emphasis on their structure–performance relationship and application prospects in industrial separation.

关键词： Two-dimentional material Molecular sieves Membranes Separation Desalination

How to prevent and control community risks?Identifying community burglary risk hotspots based on time-space characteristics

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2023年第2期4卷 130-138页

作者： Yi LIU Zhelin Cheng Xingchen Li People's Public Security University of China BeijingChina

Community security and risk management is essential for urban governance.To identify community risks more accurately,the space-time characteristics of community burglary cases in a community located in C city are analyzed in this study based on data from 2018 to 2020 using the hot police theory.The results are as follows:(1)In terms of time,the occurrence of theft cases is closely related to seasonal changes and daily work and rest and is affected by social activities.(2)In terms of space,the type of community and surrounding environment affect the generation and distribution of household theft hotspots,while urban planning and reconstruction cause the dissipation and transfer of hotspots.Therefore,to prevent and control risk,infrastructure and urban environment renovation should be carried out,community governance efficiency should be improved,and police work mode should be transformed to avoid potential hotspots,except for targeted interventions on existing hotspots.

关键词： Burglary risk Time-spacecharacteristics Hotspotpolicing Communitygovernance