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Mechanically driven assembly of biomimetic 2D-material microtextures with bioinspired multifunctionality

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 663-678页

作者： Yang Li Lin Jing Joshua M.Little Haochen Yang Tsai-Chun Chung po-yen Chen Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20740USA Maryland Robotics Center University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore

Nature provides a wealth of bio-inspiration for advanced material research.Assembling various nanomaterials into biomimetic microtextures with bioinspired functionalities has spurred increasing research interests and facilitated technological advances in various applications.In recent years,two-dimensional materials(2DMs)have emerged as important building block units in the biomimicry field due to their distinct chemical,physical,electrical,electrochemical,and catalytic properties.In this review article,various mechanically driven assembly approaches are summarized to fabricate various genealogies of biomimetic 2DM microtextures with bio-inspired multifunctionality.First,sequential deformation strategies are discussed to programmably construct higher dimensional 2DM microtextures,ranging from wrinkles/crumples(one-time deformation)to multiscale hierarchies(multiple deformations).Next,the current progress using higher dimensional 2DM microtextures to imitate different biological structures and/or induce bio-inspired multifunctionality is systematically summarized.Four showcases of bio-inspiration and biomimicry using different 2DM nanosheets are highlighted:(1)wrinkle patterns of an earthworm that spur the design of strain sensors with programmable working ranges and sensitivities,(2)wrinkle appearance of a Shar-Pei dog that motivates the fabrication of stretchable energy storage devices,(3)hierarchical scale textures of a desert lizard that inspire cation-induced gelation platforms for 2DM aerogels,and(4)wrinkle skin of an elephant that influences the development of 2DM protective skin for soft robots.Finally,challenges and future opportunities of adopting 2DM nanosheets to assemble biomimetic microstructures with synergistic functionalities are discussed.

关键词： two-dimensional(2D)materials mechanically driven assembly biomimetic microtextures functional nanocomposite bio-inspired multifunctionality

The Nano Research Young Innovators Awards in bio-inspired nanomaterials

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 417-425页

作者： Jun Chen Shuotao wang Department of Bioengineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Nano Research Young Innovators(NR45)Awards are designed to acknowledge and celebrate the achievements of young researchers under 45 years of age.These individuals have made significant contributions to the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology.Since the inaugural NR45 Awards in 2018,the journal's editorial board has recognized over a hundred innovators specializing in nanobiotechnology,nano energy,two-dimensional materials,and nanocatalysis.The focus of the 2023 NR45 Awards is on bioinspired nanomaterials,acknowledging thirty-three outstanding young innovators for their extraordinary contributions in developing these materials with applications spanning clean energy,human healthcare,monitoring,and disease treatments,as shown in Fig.1.We extend our heartfelt congratulations to all the 33 NR45 Awardees in 2023!

关键词： journal materials contributions

Nomogram to predict permanent stoma in rectal cancer patients after sphincter-saving surgery

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2022年第8期14卷 765-777页

作者： Chih-Yu Kuo po-Li Wei Chia-Che Chen yen-Kuang Lin Li-Jen Kuo Department of Surgery Taipei Medical University HospitalTaipei 11031Taiwan Division of Colorectal Surgery Department of SurgeryTaipei Medical University HospitalTaipei 11031Taiwan Department of Surgery School of MedicineCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031Taiwan Graduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science National Taiwan Sport UniversityTaoyuan 33301Taiwan Taipei Cancer Center Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031Taiwan

BACKGROUND Approximately 20 percent of patients with a tumour localized in the low rectum still encounter the possibility of requiring permanent stoma(PS), which can cause drastic changes in lifestyle and physical perceptions.AIM To determine the risk factors for PS and to develop a prediction model to predict the probability of PS in rectal cancer patients after sphincter-saving surgery.METHODS A retrospective cohort of 421 rectal cancer patients who underwent radical surgery at Taipei Medical University Hospital between January 2012 and December 2020 was included in this study. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the independent risk factors for PS. A nomogram was developed according to the independent risk factors obtained in the multivariate analysis. The performance of the nomogram was assessed using a receiver operating characteristic curve and a calibration curve.RESULTS The PS rate after sphincter-saving surgery was 15.1%(59/391) in our study after a median follow-up of 47.3 mo(range 7–114 mo). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that local recurrence, perirectal abscess, anastomosis site stenosis, perineural invasion, tumor size and operative time were independent risk factors for PS. These identified risk factors were incorporated into the nomogram, and the concordance index of this model was 0.903(95%CI: 0.851-0.955). According to the calibration curves, the nomogram represents a perfect prediction model.CONCLUSION Several risk factors for PS after sphincter-saving surgery were identified. Our nomogram exhibited perfect predictive ability and will improve a physician’s ability to communicate the benefits and risks of various treatment options in shared decision making.

关键词： Nomogram Permanent stoma Risk factor Shared decision making Sphincter-saving operation Rectal cancer

Impact of liver diseases on the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第48期17卷 5240-5245页

作者： po-Shiuan Hsieh yen-Ju Hsieh Department of Physiology and Biophysics National Defense Medical Center Department of Medical Research Tri-Service General Hospital

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is higher in patients who have liver diseases such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, chronic viral hepatitis, hemochromatosis, alcoholic liver disease and cirrhosis. It is suggested that there is a pathogenic link between the presence of T2DM and the severity of liver injury. However, evidence related to the impact of hepatic inflammation on the development of T2DM has not yet emerged. This article provides an overview of the evidence for an increased prevalence of diabetes in a range of liver diseases, the impact of liver diseases on insulin resistance and β cell dysfunction, and the potential mechanisms whereby coexistent liver diseases exacerbate the development of T2DM.

关键词：肝的发炎胰岛素抵抗房间机能障碍类型 2 糖尿病 mellitus

Community-centered Disease Severity Assessment of Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Fatty Liver Disease

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2023年第5期11卷 1061-1068页

作者： Jee-Fu Huang Pei-Chien Tsai Ming-Lun Yeh Chung-Feng Huang Ching-I Huang Mei-Hsuan Lee po-Yau Hsu Chih-Wen wang Yu-Ju Wei po-Cheng Liang Yi-Hung Lin Meng-Hsuan Hsieh Jeng-Fu Yang Ming-yen Hsieh Tyng-Yuan Jang Ming-Jong Bair Zu-Yau Lin Chia-yen Dai Ming-Lung Yu Wan-Long Chuang Hepatobiliary Division Department of Internal MedicineKaohsiung Medical University HospitalKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung Faculty of Internal Medicine College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei Department of Preventive Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University HospitalKaohsiung Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineTaitung Mackay Memorial HospitalTaitung Mackay Medical College New Taipei City School of Medicine and Doctoral Program of Clinical and Experimental Medicine College of MedicineNational Sun Yat-sen UniversityKaohsiung Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease National Sun Yat-sen UniversityKaohsiung

Background and Aims:Disease severity across the different diagnostic categories of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)remains elusive.This study assessed the fibrosis stages and features of MAFLD between different items.We also aimed to investigate the associations between advanced fibrosis and risk factors.Methods:This multicenter cross-sectional study enrolled adults participating in liver disease screening in the community.Patients were stratified following MAFLD diagnostic criteria,to group A(395 patients)for type 2 diabetes,group B(1,818 patients)for body mass index(BMI)>23 kg/m^(2),and group C(44 patients)for BMI≤23kg/m^(2) with at least two metabolic factors.Advanced fibrosis was defined as a fibrosis-4 index>2.67.Results:Between 2009 and 2020,1,948 MAFLD patients were recruited,including 478 with concomitant liver diseases.Advanced fibrosis was observed in 125 patients.A significantly larger proportion of patients in group C(25.0%)than in group A(7.6%)and group B(5.8%)had advanced fibrosis (pportion of lean MAFLD patients with metabolic abnormalities had advanced fibrosis.HCV infection was significantly associated with advanced fibrosis.

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease Fibrosis-4 index Advanced fibrosis Community screening Viral hepatitis

Effects of the number of neoadjuvant therapy cycles on clinical outcomes, safety, and survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer undergoing metastasectomy

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Oncology Research 2022年第2期30卷 65-76页

作者： YUNG-SUNG YEH HSIANG-LIN TSAI yen-CHENG CHEN WEI-CHIH SU po-JUNG CHEN TSUNG-KUN CHANG CHING-CHUN LI CHING-WEN HUANG JAW-YUAN wang Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care Department of SurgeryKaohsiungMedical University HospitalKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwanChina Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty of Post-Baccalaureate MedicineCollege of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwanChina Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control College of Public HealthTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwanChina Division of Colorectal Surgery Department of SurgeryKaohsiung Medical University HospitalKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwanChina Department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineCollege of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwanChina Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwanChina Department of Surgery Faculty of Post-Baccalaureate MedicineCollege of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwanChina Graduate Institute of Medicine College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwanChina Center for Cancer Research Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwanChina Pingtung Hospital Ministry of Health and WelfarePingtungTaiwanChina

The controversial outcomes in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC)highlight the need for developing effective systemic neoadjuvant treatment strategies to improve clinical results.The optimal treatment cycles in patients with mCRC for metastasectomy remain undeﬁned.This retrospective study compared the efﬁcacy,safety,and survival of cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy/targeted therapy for such patients.Sixty-four patients with mCRC who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy/targeted therapy following metastasectomy were enrolled between January 2018 and April 2022.Twenty-eight patients received 6 cycles of chemotherapy/targeted therapy,whereas 36 patients received≥7 cycles(median,13;range,7–20).Clinical outcomes,including response,progression-free survival(PFS),overall survival(OS),and adverse events,were compared between these two groups.Of the 64 patients,47(73.4%)were included in the response group,and 17(26.6%)were included in the nonresponse group.The analysis revealed chemotherapy/targeted therapy cycle and pretreatment serum carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)level as independent predictors of the response as well as overall survival and chemotherapy/targeted therapy cycle as an independent predictor of progression(all pponse rate,lower progression rate,and higher survival rate in≥7 cycles of chemotherapy/targeted therapy group(all p0.05).The median OS and PFS were 48 months(95%CI,40.855–55.145)and 28 months(95%CI,18.952–37.48)in the≥7-cycle group and 24 months(95%CI,22.038–25.962)and 13 months(95%CI,11.674–14.326)in the 6-cycle group,respectively(both ppotential advantages of cycl

关键词： Metastatic colorectal cancer Neoadjuvant chemotherapy/targeted therapy Treatment cycles Metastasectomy

Synergistic effect of fatty liver and smoking on metabolic syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第42期15卷 5334-5339页

作者： po-Hsin Chiang Tsui-yen Chang Jong-Dar Chen Department of Family Medicine Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital#95 Wen Chang RoadShih LinTaipei 111TaiwanChina School of Medicine Fu Jen Catholic University#510 Chung Cheng RoadHsinchuangTaipei 242TaiwanChina

AIM:To investigate the association of fatty liver and smoking on metabolic syndrome and its components.METHODS:This cross-sectional study enrolled participants who attended annual health screening at Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital from January to December 2005.A total of 3455(1981 men and 1474 women) subjects were included in final analyses.Fatty liver was diagnosed using abdominal ultrasonography by trained gastroenterologists.The modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel Ⅲ was used to define metabolic syndrome.The associations between smoking,fatty liver and metabolic syndrome were analyzed using multiple logistic regression.RESULTS:Subjects with fatty liver,and who smoked tobacco,had the highest odds ratios(ORs) for high waist circumference [OR,4.5(95% CI:3.3-6.1) ,P poprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) [OR,8.3(95% CI:6.1-11.3) ,P ponents,especially for hypertriglyceridemia and low serum HDL-C.

关键词：代谢综合征协同效应脂肪肝吸烟

Dynamics of cytokines predicts risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among chronic hepatitis C patients after viral eradication

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第1期28卷 140-153页

作者： Ming-Ying Lu Ming-Lun Yeh Ching-I Huang Shu-Chi wang Yi-Shan Tsai Pei-Chien Tsai Yu-Min Ko Ching-Chih Lin Kuan-Yu Chen Yu-Ju Wei po-Yao Hsu Cheng-Ting Hsu Tyng-Yuan Jang Ta-Wei Liu po-Cheng Liang Ming-yen Hsieh Zu-Yau Lin Shinn-Cherng Chen Chung-Feng Huang Jee-Fu Huang Chia-yen Dai Wan-Long Chuang Ming-Lung Yu Hepatitis Center and Hepatobiliary Division Department of Internal MedicineKaohsiung Medical University HospitalKaohsiung 80708Taiwan School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center College of MedicineCenter for Cancer Research and Center for Liquid BiopsyKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung 80708Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung 80708Taiwan Health Management Center Department of Community MedicineKaohsiung Medical University HospitalKaohsiung 80708Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Sciences National Sun Yat-Sen UniversityKaohsiung 80708Taiwan

BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection induces profound alterations in the cytokine and chemokine signatures in peripheral blood.Clearance of HCV by antivirals results in host immune modification,which may interfere with immune-mediated cancer surveillance.Identifying HCV patients who remain at risk of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)following HCV eradication remains an unmet need.We hypothesized that antiviral therapy-induced immune reconstruction may be relevant to HCC development.AIM To investigate the impact of differential dynamics of cytokine expression on the development of HCC following successful antiviral therapy.METHODS One hundred treatment-naïve HCV patients with advanced fibrosis(F3/4)treated with direct-acting antivirals(DAAs)or peginterferon/ribavirin who achieved sustained virologic response[SVR,defined as undetectable HCV RNA throughout 12 wk(SVR12)for the DAA group or 24 wk(SVR24)for the interferon group after completion of antiviral therapy]were enrolled since 2003.The primary endpoint was the development of new-onset HCC.Standard HCC surveillance(abdominal ultrasound andα-fetoprotein)was performed every six months during the followup.Overall,64 serum cytokines were detected by the multiplex immunoassay at baseline and 24 wk after end-of-treatment.RESULTS HCC developed in 12 of the 97 patients over 459 person-years after HCV eradication.In univariate analysis,the Fibrosis-4 index(FIB-4),hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c),the dynamics of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis(TWEAK)after antiviral therapy were significant HCC predictors.The multivariate Cox regression model showed thatΔTNF-α(≤-5.7 pg/mL)was the most important risk factor for HCC(HR=11.54,95%CI:2.27-58.72,P=0.003 in overall cases;HR=9.98,95%CI:1.88-52.87,P=0.007 in the interferon group).An HCC predictive model comprising FIB-4,HbA1c,ΔTNF-α,andΔTWEAK had excellent performance,with 3-,5-,10-,and 13-year areas under the curve of 0.882,0.864,0.903,and 1.000,respectively.The 5-year accumulative risks of HCC

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Hepatocellular carcinoma Sustained virologic response Tumor necrosis factor-α Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis Cytokine

USEVis:Visual analytics of attention-based neural embedding in information retrieval

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Visual Informatics 2021年第2期5卷 1-12页

作者： Xiaonan Ji Yamei Tu Wenbin He Junpeng wang Han-Wei Shen po-Yin yen Institute for Informatics Washington University School of Medicine in St.LouisUnited States of America Computer Science and Engineering The Ohio State UniversityUnited States of America

Neural attention-based encoders,which effectively attend sentence tokens to their associated context without being restricted by long-term distance or dependency,have demonstrated outstanding performance in embedding sentences into meaningful representations(embeddings).The Universal Sentence Encoder(USE)is one of the most well-recognized deep neural network(DNN)based solutions,which is facilitated with an attention-driven transformer architecture and has been pre-trained on a large number of sentences from the Internet.Besides the fact that USE has been widely used in many downstream applications,including information retrieval(IR),interpreting its complicated internal working mechanism remains challenging.In this work,we present a visual analytics solution towards addressing this challenge.Specifically,focused on semantics and syntactics(concepts and relations)that are critical to domain clinical IR,we designed and developed a visual analytics system,i.e.,USEVis.The system investigates the power of USE in effectively extracting sentences’semantics and syntactics through exploring and interpreting how linguistic properties are captured by attentions.Furthermore,by thoroughly examining and comparing the inherent patterns of these attentions,we are able to exploit attentions to retrieve sentences/documents that have similar semantics or are closely related to a given clinical problem in IR.By collaborating with domain experts,we demonstrate use cases with inspiring findings to validate the contribution of our work and the effectiveness of our system.

关键词： Interactive visual system Neural embedding Attention mechanism Document understanding Information retrieval Clinical decision-making