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The Obstacles and Potential Solution Clues of Prime Editing Applications in Tomato

BioDesign Research 2022年第1期2022卷 11-18页

作者： Tien Van Vu Ngan Thi Nguyen Jihae Kim Swati Das Jinsu lee Jae-yean Kim Division of Applied Life Science(BK21 FOUR Program) Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinju 660-701Republic of Korea National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology Agricultural Genetics InstituteKm 02Pham Van Dong RoadCo Nhue 1Bac Tu LiemHanoi 11917Vietnam Division of Life Science Gyeongsang National University501 Jinju-daeroJinju 52828Republic of Korea Nulla Bio Inc. 501 Jinju-daeroJinju 660-701Republic of Korea.

Precision genome editing is highly desired for crop *** recently emerged CRISPR/Cas technology offers great potential applications in precision plant genome engineering.A prime editing(PE)approach combining a reverse transcriptase(RT)with a Cas9 nickase and a“priming”extended guide RNA(gRNA)has shown a high frequency for precise genome modification in mammalian cells and several plant ***,the applications of the PE approach in dicot plants are still limited and *** designed and tested prime editors for precision editing of a synthetic sequence in a transient assay and for desirable alleles of 10 loci in tomato by stable *** data obtained by targeted deep sequencing also revealed only low PE efficiencies in both the tobacco and tomato *** assessment of the activities of the PE components uncovered that the fusion of RT to Cas9 and the structure of PE gRNAs(pegRNAs)negatively affected the cleaving activity of the Cas9 *** self-complementarity between the primer binding sequences(PBSs)and spacer sequence might pose risks to the activity of the Cas9 ***,modifying the pegRNA sequences by shortening or introducing mismatches to the PBSs to reduce their melting temperatures did not enhance the PE efficiency at the MADS-box protein(SlMBP21),alcobaca(SlALC),and acetolactate synthase 1(SlALS1)*** data show challenges of the PE approach in tomato,indicating that a further improvement of the PE system for successful applications is demanded,such as the use of improved expression systems for enriching active PE complexes.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas precise editing

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Long-term outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection and surgery for undifferentiated intramucosal gastric cancer regardless of size

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第8期28卷 840-852页

作者： Gil Ho lee Eunyoung lee Bumhee Park Jin Roh Sun Gyo Lim Sung Jae Shin kee Myung lee Choong-Kyun Noh Department of Gastroenterology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwon 16499South Korea Department of Biomedical Informatics Ajou University School of MedicineSuwon 16499South Korea Department of Pathology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwon 16499South Korea

BACKGROUND The clinical outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)for undifferentiated(UD)intramucosal early gastric cancer(EGC)compared with those of surgery,regardless of lesion size,are not well ***,there is a concern regarding the treatment plan before and after ESD in cases of UD intramucosal EGC within expanded *** To evaluate clinical outcomes of ESD compared with those of surgery in UD intramucosal EGC patients regardless of tumor *** We enrolled patients with UD intramucosal EGC after ESD with complete resection or surgery from January 2005 to August 2020 who met the within or beyond expanded indications with lesion size>2 cm(the only non-curative factor).Overall,123 and 562 patients underwent ESD and surgery,*** propensity-score matching,clinical and long-term outcomes,i.e.,recurrencefree survival(RFS)and overall survival(OS),were *** multivariable Cox proportional hazard model with treatment modality and ESD indication was used to evaluate the recurrence *** After matching,119 patients each were finally enrolled in the ESD and surgery *** median length of hospital stay was shorter in the ESD group than surgery group(4.0 vs 9.0 days,P<0.001).Four cases of recurrence after ESD were local recurrences,all of which occurred within 1 *** recurrence was seven(5.9%)and two(1.7%)in the ESD and surgery groups,*** difference was observed between the two groups with respect to OS(P=0.948).However,the ESD group had inferior RFS compared with the surgery group(P=0.031).ESD was associated with the risk of recurrence after initial treatment in all enrolled patients(hazard ratio,5.2;95%confidence interval:1.0-25.8,P=0.045).CONCLUSION Although OS was similar between the two groups,surveillance endoscopy was important for the ESD than for the surgery group because RFS was inferior and local recurrence was an issue.

关键词： Early gastric cancer Undifferentiated cancer Expanded indication Endoscopic submucosal dissection Surgery

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Identifying the relationships between subsurface absorber defects and the characteristics of kesterite solar cells

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Carbon Energy 2023年第8期5卷 42-54页

作者： Dae-Ho Son Dong-Hwan Jeon Dae-Hwan Kim Jin-Kyu Kang Shi-Joon Sung Jaebaek lee Taeseon lee Enkhjargal Enkhbayar JunHo Kim kee-Jeong Yang Division of Energy Technology DGISTDaeguRepublic of Korea Research Center for Thin Film Solar Cells DGISTDaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Physics Incheon National UniversityIncheonRepublic of Korea

Understanding the defect characteristics that occur near the space-charge regions(SCRs)of kesterite(CZTSSe)solar cells is important because the recombination loss at the CZTSSe/CdS interface is considered the main cause of their low *** surfaces with different elemental compositions were formed without polishing(C00)and with polishing for 20 s(C20)and 60 s(C60).For C60,a specific region near the SCR was excessively Cu-rich and Zn-poor compared to C00 and *** charged defects formed where the elemental variation was *** the main deep acceptor defect energy level(E_(a2))near the SCR increased,the efficiency,open-circuit voltage deficit,and current density degraded,and this phenomenon was especially rapid for large E_(a2) *** the E_(a2) near the SCR became deep,the carrier diffusion length decreased more for the CZTSSe solar cells with a low carrier mobility than for the CuInGaSe_(2)(CIGSe)solar *** large amplitude of the electrostatic potential fluctuation in the CZTSSe solar cells induced a high carrier recombination and a short carrier ***,the properties of the CZTSSe solar cells were more strongly degraded by defects with deep energy levels near the SCR than those of the CIGSe solar cells.

关键词： defect density defect energy level elemental variation kesterite space charge region

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Malignant mesothelioma of the greater omentum mimicking omental infarction:A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第38期15卷 4856-4859页

作者： Min-kee Shin Ok-Jae lee Chang-Yoon Ha Hyun-Joo Min Tae-Hyo Kim Department of Internal Medicine & Institute of Health Science Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine

Mesothelioma develops most commonly in the pleura, and less frequently in the peritoneum. Usually, it manifests as diffuse peritoneal thickening and multiple nodules, and rarely as a solitary mass. We report a rare case of primary malignant mesothelioma of the greater omentum, which mimicked omental infarct. A 54-year-old Korean man was admitted because of severe abdominal pain of sudden onset. A tender mass with indistinct margins was palpated in the upper abdomen. Abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography showed an ill- def ined mass in the greater omentum and little ascites in the peri-hepatic space, and neutrophil-dominant exudates were documented on paracentesis. Intravenous antibiotics and analgesics were given for omental infarction with superimposed infection, which resulted in symptomatic improvement. The imaging studies after a week revealed a growing mass and ascites. Laparoscopic surgery was performed and an 8 cm×3.3 cm greater omental mass was found, with multiple small nodules on the peritoneum, diaphragm, and pelvic cavity wall. Histological examination showed proliferating malignant epithelioid cells that stained strongly for calretinin, which was compatible with malignant mesothelioma. We recommend that primary omental mesothelioma should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients with omental infarction, despite its rarity.

关键词： Infarction Mesothelioma, Omentum

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Comparative Optical Separation of Racemic Ibuprofen by Using Chiral Stationary Phase

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2002年第6期10卷 681-685页

作者： Dalkeun PARK Joong kee lee 等 Nano-EcoResearchCenter KISTSeoul136-791Korea ChemicalEngineeringDepartment HongikUniversitySeoul121-791Korea

Ibuprofen is widely used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and produced as racemic mixture. Its pharmacological activity resides only in S-(+)-enantiomer, and R-()-enantiomer is not only inactive but also has many side effects. Thus it is necessary to separate R-enantiomer from racemic ibuprofen. We studied optical separation of racemic Ibuprofen with chiral high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Out of three different chiral stationary phases, which were selected on the basis of structure and availability, two were found to be ef-fective. There was optimum eluent composition for each stationary phase for good resolution in optical separation. Resolution decreased with increase of eluent flow rate, but effect of injection volume on resolution was insignificant at high eluent flow rate.

关键词： ibuprofen enantiomer separation high performance liquid chromatography chiral stationary phase

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Comparison of cytological and histological preparations in the diagnosis of pancreatic malignancies using endoscopic ultrasoundguided fine needle aspiration

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2017年第4期16卷 418-423页

作者： Dong kee Jang Sang Hyub lee Jun Kyu lee Woo Hyun Paik Kwang Hyun Chung Ban Seok lee Jun Hyuk Son Jae Woo lee Ji Kon Ryu Yong-Tae Kim Kyoung-Bun lee Department of Internal Medicine Dongguk University Ilsan Medical CenterGoyang-siGyeonggi-doKorea Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University HospitalSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Internal Medicine Inje University Ilsan Paik HospitalGoyang-siGyeonggi-doKorea Department of Pathology Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulKorea

BACKGROUND:Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration(EUS-FNA) has become a crucial diagnostic technique for pancreatic *** specimen obtained by EUS-FNA can be prepared for either cytological or histological *** study was to compare diagnostic performance of cytological and histological preparations using EUSFNA in the same lesions when pancreatic malignancies were ***:One hundred and eighteen patients who underwent EUS-FNA for suspected pancreatic malignancies were consecutively *** procedures were conducted by a single echoendoscopist under the same *** adequate preparations were obtained by 22-gauge needles with 20 to-and-fro movements for each *** 4 preparations included 2 cytological and 2 histological *** pathologic reviews of all specimens were conducted independently by a single experienced ***,specificity,and accuracy of the 2 preparations were ***:The enrolled patients consisted of 62 males(52.5%),with the mean age of 64.6±10.5 *** was performed in 23(19.5%) *** hundred and sixteen(98.3%) lesions were classified as malignant,while 2(1.7%) were *** of cytology and histology were 87.9% and 81.9%,respectively,with no significant difference(P=0.190).Accuracy was also not significantly *** preparation was more sensitive when the size of lesion was <3 cm(86.7% vs 68.9%,P=0.033).CONCLUSIONS:Our results suggested that the diagnostic performances of cytological and histological preparations are not significantly different for the diagnosis of pancreatic ***,cytological preparation might be more sensitive for pancreatic lesions <3 cm.

关键词： endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration pancreatic neoplasms cytology pathology histology

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Prognostic factors in patients with middle and distal bile duct cancers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第21期20卷 6658-6665页

作者： Hyung Jun Kwon Sang Geol Kim Jae Min Chun Won kee lee Yoon Jin Hwang Department of Surgery Kyungpook National University Medical CenterDaegu 702-210South Korea Department of Surgery School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaegu 700-422South Korea Department of Preventive Medicine School of Medicine Kyungpook National University Daegu 700-422South Korea

AIM: To identify the influence of the surgery type and prognostic factors in middle and distal bile duct cancers.

关键词： Distal extrahepatic bile duct cancer Lymphovascular invasion Tumor node metastasis Pancreaticoduodenectomy Bile duct resection Prognostic factor

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Direct acetylation of a conserved threonine of RIN4 by the bacterial effector HopZ5 or AvrBsT activates RPM1-dependent immunity in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2021年第11期14卷 1951-1960页

作者： Arabidopsis Sera Choi Maxim Prokchorchik Hyeonjung lee Ravi Gupta Yoonyoung lee Eui-Hwan Chung Buhyeon Cho Min-Sung Kim Sun Tae Kim kee Hoon Sohn Department of Life Sciences Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang 37673Republic of Korea School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Plant Bioscience Life and Industry Convergence Research InstitutePusan National UniversityMiryang 50463Republic of Korea Department of Botany School of Chemical and Life SciencesJamia HamdardHamdard NagarNew Delhi 110062India Division of Biotechnology Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea The Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation(INRES) University of BonnNussallee 953115 BonnGermany

Plant pathogenic bacteria deliver effectors into plant cells to suppress immunity and promote pathogen survival;however, these effectors can be recognised by plant disease resistance (R) proteins to activate innate immunity. The bacterial acetyltransferase effectors HopZ5 and AvrBsT trigger immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana genotypes lacking SUPPRESSOR OF AVRBST-ELICITED RESISTANCE 1 (SOBER1). Using an Arabidopsis accession, Tscha-1, that naturally lacks functional SOBER1 but is unable to recognise HopZ5, we demonstrate that RESISTANCE TO P. SYRINGAE PV MACULICOLA 1 (RPM1) and RPM1-INTERACTING PROTEIN 4 (RIN4) are indispensable for HopZ5- or AvrBsT-triggered immunity. Remarkably, T166 of RIN4, the phosphorylation of which is induced by AvrB and AvrRpm1, was directly acetylated by HopZ5 and AvrBsT. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the acetylation of RIN4 T166 is required and sufficient for HopZ5- or AvrBsT-triggered RPM1-dependent defence activation. Finally, we show that SOBER1 interferes with HopZ5- or AvrBsT-triggered immunity by deacetylating RIN4 T166. We have thus elucidated detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the activation and suppression of plant innate immunity triggered by two bacterial acetyltransferases, HopZ5 and AvrBsT from different bacterial pathogens.

关键词： Acetyltransferase effectors Effector-triggered immunity Immunity suppressors NLR Plant deacetylase Plant immunity

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Impact of Bar-Code Medication Administration and Electronic Medication Administration Record System in Clinical Practice for an Effective Medication Administration Process

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Health 2019年第5期11卷 511-526页

作者： Mohanaa Naidu Yeo lee yean Alicia Health Service Management Griffith University Queensland Australia

Clinical innovations are ideations resulting from collective experiences that enhance the “norm” and embrace an avenue for change with an invention. As such, collective data that were suggestive of increased medication errors that compromised patient safety initiated the exploration of methods that could reduce multifactorial human errors. The pursuit for an appropriate system followed with the discovery of barcode medication administration system (BCMA) and electronic medication administration system (e-MAR). Prior to the adoption of BCMA and e-MAR, it was crucial to assess the impact of the new medication administration system and the rate of medication administration errors recorded, specifically those that resulted in harm. The purpose of the study was to evaluate BCMA and e-MAR usage outcomes, clinical practices, policies, and processes impacting nurses administering medications in the clinical environment using BCMA and e-MAR system. Thus, an annotated literature review was conducted prior to the implementation of the innovation which analyzed various studies that elaborated on their study methods, data collection and analysis that deliberated on the advantages and disadvantages of barcode medication administration system. It is evident in the researched journals that increased compliance was observed with appropriate guidance, processes and policies in place. There was also a significant reduction in reported errors. The incorporation of barcode technology with electronic medication administration record (e-MAR) had greatly improved the efficiency of the BCMA system. BCMAs method was one of the proposed solutions to medication administration errors and to enhance patient safety measures. As such, the innovation could significantly reduce medication error resulting from intrinsic and extrinsic factors. This paper will further elaborate on the advantages and disadvantages of BCMA and e-MAR, the strategies assumed in the development of BCMA and e-MAR system and

关键词： Electronic Medication Record Barcode Medication Administration Medication Errors

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Photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants using green oil palm frond-derived carbon quantum dots/titanium dioxide as multifunctional photocatalysts under visible light radiation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第11期51卷 21-34页

作者： Zeng Wei Heng Woon Chan Chong yean Ling Pang Lan Ching Sim Chai Hoon Koo lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science Universiti Tunku Abdul RahmanSungai Long CampusJalan Sungai LongCheras43000 KajangSelangorMalaysia Centre for Photonics and Advanced Materials Research Universiti Tunku Abdul RahmanSungai Long CampusJalan Sungai LongCheras43000 KajangSelangorMalaysia

The present work suggested the use of waste oil palm frond as an alternative precursor for nitrogendoped carbon quantum dots(NCQDs)and proposed a straightforward in-situ hydrothermal method for the preparation of NCQDs/TiO_(2)*** elemental composition,morphological,structural and optical characteristics of NCQDs/TiO_(2)nanocomposites have been comprehensively *** successful grafting of NCQDs on TiO_(2)matrix was confirmed by the formation of Ti AOAC bond and the electronic coupling between theπ-states of NCQDs and the conduction band of TiO_(2).For the first time,the oil palm frond-derived NCQDs/TiO_(2)was adopted in the photodegradation of methylene blue(MB)under visible-light *** a result,the photocatalytic efficiency of NCQDs/TiO_(2)nanocomposites(86.16%)was 2.85 times higher than its counterpart TiO_(2)(30.18%).The enhanced performance of nanocomposites was attributed to the pivotal roles of NCQDs serving as electron mediator and visiblelight ***,the optimal NCQDs loading was determined at 4 ml while the removal efficiency of NCQDs/TiO_(2)-4 was the highest at a catalyst dosage of 1 g.L^(-1)under alkaline *** research work is important as it proposed a new insight to the preparation of biomass-based NCQDs/TiO_(2)using a facile synthetic method,which offers a green and sustainable water remediation technology.

关键词： Oil palm frond biomass N-doped carbon quantum dots Titanium-dioxide In-situ hydrothermal Visible light photocatalysis Methylene blue

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