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Prevalence of Taurodontism in a Tertiary Hospital in Ghana

Open Journal of Stomatology 2024年第5期14卷 206-217页

作者： Philip Boadi Frimpong Adelaide Appau Edward Ohene-Marfo yaw Aboagye adu-Darko Nii Otu Nartey Department of Basic and Diagnostic Oral Health Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Oral Pathology University of Ghana Dental School Accra Ghana Department of Community Dentistry University of Ghana Dental School Accra Ghana

Background: Taurodontism is one of the most significant deviations from the normal tooth morphology affecting the molars in both primary and permanent dentition. Taurodontism refers to the Enlargement of the pulp chamber, resulting in its bifurcation pushed toward the apex of a tooth’s root. This study evaluated the prevalence of Taurodontism from radiographs taken at the University of Ghana Dental School Oral Radiology Unit from January 2017 to December 2022. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, panoramic and periapical radiographs of 1000 randomly selected patients who visited the Oral Radiology Unit from January 2017 to December 2022. Radiographs were evaluated for apically displaced pulp chamber. Data was statistically evaluated, and the chi-square test was employed to assess the prevalence of taurodontism in the upper and lower jaws (p Results: Taurodontism was found in 171 radiographs giving it a prevalence of 17.1% of which 57% (98 radiographs) were from females and 43% (73 radiographs) were from males. This finding was not significant (p > 0.05). Taurodontism occurred more in the maxilla (289 teeth, 80.7%) compared to the mandible molars (186 teeth, 64.3%) giving it a ratio of 1.6:1. This finding was highly significant (p Conclusion: Taurodontism is relatively common in the Ghanaian population affecting more females compared to males according to this study. Further studies using a large sample need to be carried out to determine its incidence in the general community.

关键词： Taurodontism Prevalence Maxilla Mandible Molar Teeth

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Recipient functional status impacts on short and long-term intestinal transplant outcomes in United States adults

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第3期14卷 80-94页

作者： Sarpong Boateng Prince Ameyaw Solomon Gyabaah yaw Adjepong Basile Njei Department of Medicine Yale New Haven HealthBridgeport HospitalBridgeportCT 06610United States Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of North TexasFort WorthTX 76107United States Department of Medicine Komfo Anokye Teaching HospitalKumasi KS 1934Ghana Yale University School of Medicine New HavenCT 06520United States Section of Digestive Diseases Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520United States

BACKGROUND Recipient functional status prior to transplantation has been found to impact post-transplant outcomes in heart,liver and kidney ***,information on how functional status,before and after transplant impacts post-transplant survival outcomes is *** To investigate the impact of recipient functional status on short and long term intestinal transplant outcomes in United States *** We conducted a retrospective cohort study on 1254 adults who underwent first-time intestinal transplantation from 2005 to *** primary outcome was *** the Karnofsky Performance Status,functional impairment was categorized as severe,moderate and *** were conducted using Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariable Cox *** The median age was 41 years,majority(53.4%)were *** impairment was present in 28.3%of *** median survival time was 906.6 *** median survival time was 1331 and 560 days for patients with normal and severe functional impairment *** with severe impairment had a 56%higher risk of mortality at one year[Hazard ratio(HR)=1.56;95%CI:1.23–1.98;P<0.001]and 58%at five years(HR=1.58;95%CI:1.24–2.00;P<0.001)compared to patients with no functional *** with worse functional status after transplant also had poor survival *** Pre-and post-transplant recipient functional status is an important prognostic indicator for short-and long-term intestinal transplant outcomes.

关键词： Intestinal transplantation Functional status Karnofsky performance status Post-transplant outcomes Survival analysis Transplant outcome

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Cooperative Sentinel Surveillance of Malaria in Laiza and Nearby Areas of Myanmar and Importation Threat Monitoring—China,2019–2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第17期6卷 378-382页

作者： Peng Tian Shigang Li Yaowu Zhou Zurui Lin Xiaodong Sun Xiangrui Guo Chunli Ding Kaixia Duan Qiyan Chen Yulong Zhao Jing Wu Dakhidam yaw Bee Jianwei Xu Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Disease Control and ResearchYunnan International Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious DiseasesPuer CityYunnan ProvinceChina Yingjiang County Center for Disease Control and Prevention Yingjiang CountyYunnan ProvinceChina Laiza City Hospital Laiza TownKachin Special Region IIMyanmar

Introduction:Laiza and nearby areas(LNA)in Myanmar are identified as the primary malaria hotspots in the bordering regions of Yunnan Province,***:Six sentinel surveillance sites were established at the China-Myanmar border in LNA to monitor *** from 2019 was used as a baseline to analyze malaria incidence and trends in LNA and Myanmar,as well as the importation of malaria cases into China from 2019 to ***:Plasmodium vivax was the predominant species,representing 99.95%(14,060/14,066)of confirmed malaria cases in LNA.A total of 8,356 malaria cases were identified in 2023,with an annual parasite incidence(API)of 19.78 per 100 *** to 2019,the incidence rate ratio was 21.47(95%confidence interval:18.84,24.48),indicating that the API in 2023 was 21.47 times higher than that in *** Yunnan,out of 1,016 reported cases,545 imported cases(53.64%)originated from LNA and spread to 18(13.95%)out of 129 *** provinces in China,including Yunnan,reported imported malaria cases from LNA in ***:The increase in population,particularly among internally displaced persons,along with inadequate healthcare services,has led to a notable resurgence of malaria in *** resurgence poses a risk to preventing the re-emergence of malaria transmission in *** is an urgent need for novel collaborative policies,as well as financial and technical assistance,to enhance malaria control efforts in LNA,Myanmar.

关键词： Malaria Myanmar originated

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Targeting AMPKa1 Gene in PC3 Cells by Triphenylmethanol Derivatives

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Natural Science 2024年第7期16卷 111-120页

作者： William yaw Boadi Jamari Jemison Kennedy Welbert Sanaa Dudley Tayalla Hizer Ryan Beni Departments of Chemistry and Biology Tennessee State University Nashville USA

Epidemiological studies indicate that treatment with metformin, an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator, reduces the incidence of cancers. Activation of AMPK has also been reported to oppose tumor progression in diverse types of cancers and offers promising cancer therapy. Furthermore, AMPK is a primary regulator of energy metabolism and has also been implicated in cell cycle progression, angiogenesis, cell transformation, migration, and cancer. We have recently synthesized novel flavonoids, namely, triphenylmethanol derivatives (TPMs), but the effectiveness of the TPMs on the activity of AMPK remains unclear. We hypothesized that the novel TPMs would inhibit cancer cell proliferation through the activation of AMPK isoforms in cells. The effects of TPMs on prostate cells (PC-3) were investigated. Cells were exposed to TPMs for either 12 or 24 hr. at the respective doses of 0, 25, 50 100, and 200 µM based on the cell viability studies by the (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, a tetrazole) (MTT) assay. The results indicate that cells exposed to the respective doses of TPMs increased both phospho- and total-AMPKα1 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The effects of the increases for the phospho- and total-AMPKα in cells were greater for the 24-hr than the 12-hr. incubation. Further studies are currently going on to elucidate the specificities of the said insults in increasing the phospho- and total-AMPKα activities and for the other respective isoforms.

关键词： Prodrugs AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Polyphenols Prostate Cancer Triphenylmethanol

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Prevalence of Taurodontism in a Tertiary Hospital in Ghana

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Open Journal of Stomatology（口腔学期刊） 2024年第5期 206页

作者： Philip Boadi Frimpong Adelaide Appau Edward Ohene-Marfo yaw Aboagye adu-Darko Nii Otu Nartey

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Industrial and medical applications of fiber Bragg gratings(Invited Paper)

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Chinese Optics Letters 2016年第12期14卷 25-29页

作者： Zhengyong Liu Hwa-yaw Tam Photonics Research Center Department of Electrical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

The uses of optical fibers are numerous, and over the past few decades, they have extended from optical fiber communications to a wide variety of sensing applications. In particular, fiber Bragg grating（FBG） sensors inscribed in single-mode optical fibers offer significant advantages over more conventional electrical sensors and have been successfully deployed in many different industries. In this Review, we review the applications of intrinsic FBG pressure and flow sensors in oil and gas and the deployment of FBG sensing networks in *** promising prospect of using polymer FBGs in wearable medical devices is also described.

关键词： Bragg numerous deployment grating intrinsic prospect railway attractive specialty experienced

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Spatial analysis of synergies and trade-offs between the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Africa

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Geography and Sustainability 2022年第3期3卷 220-231页

作者： Adams Osman Emmanuel Abeashi Mensah Collins Adjei Mensah yaw Asamoah Suleman Dauda Kofi adu-Boahen Charles Atanga Adongo Department of Geography Education Faculty of Social Sciences EducationUniversity of EducationWinnebaP.O.Box 25WinnebaGhana Department of Geography and Regional Planning Faculty of Social SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastPrivate Mail BagCape CoastGhana Department of Tourism and Hospitality Management Faculty of Social SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastPrivate Mail BagCape CoastGhana Schools of Tourism and Hospitality University of JohannesburgP.O.Box 524Auckland Park 2006South Africa Emperiks Research Limited Cape Coast Stadium AvenueCape CoastGhana

Challenges faced by African countries in achieving the goals of sustainable development are similar and trans-boundary. Previous analysis of Africa’s progress on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has largely beennon-spatial, reducing the ability to find spatial relationships between countries and SDGs to help cooperationand proffer country-specific interventions. This study adopted techniques of exploratory and inferential spatialstatistics to assess the successes of African countries from 2016 to 2020 in achieving the goals of sustainable de-velopment. Also, the study sought to understand how the spatial synergies and trade-offs between SDGs vary percountry and time. The results revealed that spatial hotspots of countries with high SDGs scores were mostly con-fined to northern African countries with significant coldspots within central and eastern Africa and few patchesin western and southern Africa for 2016. In 2020, the number of countries forming hotspots reduced, with Cen-tral African countries as significant cold spots. Five main spatial relationships: positive linear, negative linear,concave, convex and undefined complex, were found among countries and the SDGs. However, these spatialrelationships were fluid as they changed over time and with different levels of influence from 2016 to *** study concludes that generic solutions and policies by development agencies, governments, developmentfinance instiutions and other impact investors will not be enough in achieving the SDGs because of the spatialheterogeneity of the continent. Tailored and country-specific policies based on results of spatial statistics matter.

关键词： Africa Development Sustainable development Spatial analysis Hotspots Random forest

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Artificial neural network based production forecasting for a hydrocarbon reservoir under water injection

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2020年第2期47卷 383-392页

作者： NEGASH Berihun Mamo yaw Atta Dennis University Teknologi PETRONAS Petroleum Engineering Department32610 Seri IskandarPerak Darul RidzuanMalaysia

As the conventional prediction methods for production of waterflooding reservoirs have some drawbacks, a production forecasting model based on artificial neural network was proposed, the simulation process by this method was presented, and some examples were illustrated. A workflow that involves a physics-based extraction of features was proposed for fluid production forecasting to improve the prediction effect. The Bayesian regularization algorithm was selected as the training algorithm of the model. This algorithm, although taking longer time, can better generalize oil, gas and water production data sets. The model was evaluated by calculating mean square error and determination coefficient, drawing error distribution histogram and the cross-plot between simulation data and verification data etc. The model structure was trained, validated and tested with 90% of the historical data, and blindly evaluated using the remaining. The predictive model consumes minimal information and computational cost and is capable of predicting fluid production rate with a coefficient of determination of more than 0.9, which has the simulation results consistent with the practical data.

关键词： neural networks machine learning attribute extraction Bayesian regularization algorithm production forecasting water flooding

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Tracing the failing heart: dual genetic fate mapping for target identification

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第9期8卷 3880-3882页

作者： yaw Asare Christian Stoppe Jürgen Bernhagen Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research(ISD) Klinikum der Universität München(KUM)Ludwig-Maximilian-University(LMU)81377 MunichGermany Department of Anesthesiology Intensive CareEmergency and Pain MedicineUniversity Hospital Würzburg97080 WürzburgGermany Department of Cardiac Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine German Heart Center CharitéBerlin13353 BerlinGermany Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology 81377 MunichGermany Munich Heart Alliance 80802 MunichGermany

In a recent study published in Nature Genetics,1 Han and colleagues employed a dual genetic lineage tracing approach in combination with a model of heart failure(HF)to identify a key sub-population of endocardium-derived fibroblasts,which gives rise to excessive myofibroblast formation in a Wnt pathway-mediated manner and contributes to cardiac fibrosis.1 The identified fibroblast sub-population and Wnt signaling pathway could be novel targets for the therapy of *** in risk management and cardiovascular inter-vention have significantly reduced age-specific cardiovascular disease-related *** contrast,the rate of HF-related hospitalisations has increased over the past decades and HF is a disease with highest social and economic cost in industrialized *** is defined as impairment of the heart’s blood pumping function and its severity is assessed based on ejection *** often occurs after myocardial infarction(MI),with infarct size and quality of ventricular remodeling after MI influencing ventricular *** of HF also include hypertension,atrial fibrillation,and cardiomyopathies(Fig.1).Especially elderly patients with recurrent MI and comorbidities are increasingly presenting with signs of HF.

关键词： cardiovascular ventricular mortality

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Influence of Shim Layers on Progressive Failure of a Composite Componentin Composite-Aluminum Bolted Joint in Aerospace Structural Assembly

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Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2018年第1期35卷 188-202页

作者： Cephas yaw Attahu An Luling Li Zhaoqing Gao Guoqiang Department of Aerospace Manufacturing Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Precision and Micro-Manufacturing TechnologyNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016P.R.China AVIC Xi′an Aircraft Industry(Group)Company LTD Xi′an 710089P.R.China

The influence of varying shim layers on the progressive damage/failure of a composite component in a bolted composite-aluminum aerospace structural assembly was investigated using a non-linear three-dimensional(3 D)structural solid elements assembled model of a carbon fiber-reinforced polymer(CFRP)-aluminum single-lap joint with a titanium(Ti-6 Al-4 V)fastener and a washer generated with the commercial finite element(FE)software package,ABAQUS/Standard.A progressive failure algorithm written in Fortran code with a set of appropriate degradation rules was incorporated as a user subroutine in ABAQUS to simulate the non-linear damage behavior of the composite component in the composite-aluminum bolted aerospace *** assembled 3 DFE model simulated,as well as the specimen for the experimental testing consisted of a carbon-epoxy IMS-977-2 substrate,aluminum alloy 7075-T651 substrate,liquid shim(Hysol EA 9394),solid peelable fiberglass shim,a titanium fastener,and a *** distinction to previous investigations,the influence of shim layers(liquid shim and solid peelable fiberglass shim)inserted in-between the faying surfaces(CFRP and aluminum alloy substrates)were investigated by both numerical simulations and experimental *** simulated model and test specimens conformed to the standard test configurations for both civil and military *** numerical simulations correlated well with the experimental results and it has been found that:(1)The shimming procedure as agreed upon by the aerospace industry for the resolution of assembly gaps in bolted joints for composite materials is the same for a composite-aluminum structure;liquid shim series(0.3,0.5 and 0.7 mm thicknesses)prolonged the service life of the composite component whereas a solid peelable fiberglass shim most definitely had a better influence on the 0.9 assembly gap compared with the liquid shim;(2)The shim layers considerably influenced the structural strength of the composite component b

关键词： composite-aluminum progressive failure modeling finite element modeling single-lap bolted joint shimming aerospace structures

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