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Pancreatic melatonin enhances anti-tumor immunity in pancreatic adenocarcinoma through regulating tumor-associated neutrophils infiltration and NETosis

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第4期13卷 1554-1567页

作者： yau-tuen chan Hor-yue Tan Yuanjun Lu Cheng Zhang Chien-shan Cheng Junyu Wu Ning Wang Yibin Feng School of Chinese Medicine the University of Hong KongHong KongChina Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development School of Chinese MedicineHong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong UniversitySchool of Medicine Affiliated Ruijin HospitalShanghai 200025China

Tumor microenvironment contributes to poor prognosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma(PAAD)*** regulation could improve *** is an endogenous hormone that delivers multiple *** we showed that pancreatic melatonin level is associated with patients'*** PAAD mice models,melatonin supplementation suppressed tumor growth,while blockade of melatonin pathway exacerbated tumor *** anti-tumor effect was independent of cytotoxicity but associated with tumor-associated neutrophils(TANs),and TANs depletion reversed effects of *** induced TANs infiltration and activation,therefore induced cell apoptosis of PAAD *** arrays revealed that melatonin had minimal impact on neutrophils but induced secretion of Cxcl2 from tumor *** of Cxcl2 in tumor cells abolished neutrophil migration and ***-induced neutrophils presented an N1-like anti-tumor phenotype,with increased neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)causing tumor cell apoptosis through cell-to-cell *** analysis revealed that this reactive oxygen species(ROS)-mediated inhibition was fueled by fatty acid oxidation(FAO)in neutrophils,while FAO inhibitor abolished the anti-tumor *** of PAAD patient specimens revealed that CXCL2 expression was associated with neutrophil ***2,or TANs,combined with NET marker,can better predict patients'***,we discovered an anti-tumor mechanism of melatonin through recruiting N1-neutrophils and beneficial NET formation.

关键词： Pancreatic adenocarcinoma Melatonin Anti-tumor immunity Tumor-associated neutrophils Tumor microenvironment CXCL2 Neutrophil extracellular traps NETosis

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PIWIL1 governs the crosstalk of cancer cell metabolism and immunosuppressive microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第3期6卷 1033-1045页

作者： Ning Wang Hor-Yue Tan Yuanjun Lu yau-tuen chan Di Wang Wei Guo Yu Xu Cheng Zhang Feiyu Chen Guoyi Tang Yibin Feng School of Chinese Medicine Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARPeople's Republic of China School of Life Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun CityJilin ProvincePeople's Republic of China

Altered energy metabolism of cancer cells shapes the immune cell response in the tumor microenvironment that faclitates ***,we reported the novel of tumor cell-expressed Piwi Like RNA-Mediated Gene Silencing 1(PWL1)in mediatingthe crosstlk of fatty acid metabolism and immune response of human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).PlWIL1 expression in HCCwas increased compared to normal hepatic tissues and was positively correlated with the proliferation rate of HCC cell ***1overexpression accelerated in vitro proliferation and in vivo growth of HCC tumors,while PIWL1 knockdown showed ***1 increased oxygen consumption and energy production via fatty acid metabolism without altering aerobic *** of fatty acid metablism abolished PWIL1-induced HCC prolferation and ***-seq analysis revealed that immunesystem regulation might be involved,which was echoed by the experimental observation that PIWL1-overexpressing HCC cellsattracted myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs)into the tumor *** depletion reduced the prolferationand growth of PlWIL1-overexpressing HCC *** C3,whose secretion was induced by PIWL1 in HCC cells,mediatesthe interaction of HCC cells with MDSCs by activated p38 MAPK signaling in MDSCs,which in turn initiated expression of immunosuppressive cytokine *** lL10 secretion reduced the immunosuppressive activity of MDSCs in the microenvironment of PIWL1-overexpressing *** together,our study unraveled the critical role of PIWL1 in initiating theinteraction of cancer cell metabolism and immune cell response in *** cell-expressed PlIWL1 may be a potential target forthe devellopment of novel HCC treatment.

关键词： metabolism microenvironment hepatocellular

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Exercise preconditioning alleviates ischemia-induced memory deficits by increasing circulating adiponectin

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1445-1454页

作者： Meifeng Zheng Borui Zhang Sonata S Y yau Kwok-Fai So Li Zhang Haining Ou Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Medicine The Fifth Clinical College of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration(Ministry of Education) Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Center for Exercise and Brain Science School of PsychologyShanghai University of SportShanghaiChina Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Institute University of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina

Cerebral ischemia is a major health risk that requires preventive approaches in addition to drug *** exercise enhances neurogenesis and synaptogenesis,and has been widely used for functional rehabilitation after *** this study,we determined whether exercise training before disease onset can alleviate the severity of cerebral *** also examined the role of exercise-induced circulating factors in these *** mice were subjected to 14 days of treadmill exercise training before surgery for middle cerebral artery *** found that this exercise pre-conditioning strategy effectively attenuated brain infarct area,inhibited gliogenesis,protected synaptic proteins,and improved novel object and spatial memory *** analysis showed that circulating adiponectin plays a critical role in these preventive effects of *** activation of adiponectin receptors by Adipo Ron mimicked the effects of exercise,while inhibiting receptor activation abolished the exercise *** summary,our results suggest a crucial role of circulating adiponectin in the effects of exercise pre-conditioning in protecting against cerebral ischemia and supporting the health benefits of exercise.

关键词： adiponectin cerebral ischemia exercise pre-conditioning hippocampus memory function middle cerebral artery occlusion prefrontal cortex synaptic proteins treadmill exercise

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Improving the Analyses and Forecasts of a Tropical Squall Line Using Upper Tropospheric Infrared Satellite Observations

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第5期39卷 733-746页

作者： Man-yau chan Xingchao CHEN Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science and Center for Advanced Data Assimilation and Predictability TechniquesThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaPA 16802USA

The advent of modern geostationary satellite infrared radiance observations has noticeably improved numerical weather forecasts and ***,compared to midlatitude weather systems and tropical cyclones,research into using infrared radiance observations for numerically predicting and analyzing tropical mesoscale convective systems remain mostly *** tropical mesoscale convective systems play a crucial role in regional and global weather,this deficit should be *** study is the first of its kind to examine the potential impacts of assimilating all-sky upper tropospheric infrared radiance observations on the prediction of a tropical squall *** though these all-sky infrared radiance observations are not directly affected by lower-tropospheric winds,the high-frequency assimilation of these all-sky infrared radiance observations improved the analyses of the tropical squall line’s outflow *** from that,the assimilation of all-sky infrared radiance observations improved the analyses and prediction of the squall line’s cloud ***,reducing the frequency of assimilating these all-sky infrared radiance observations weakened these improvements to the analyzed outflow position,as well as the analyses and predictions of cloud fields.

关键词： data assimilation infrared satellite observations numerical weather prediction mesoscale convective systems tropical meteorology

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Circular neighbor-balanced designs universally optimal for total effects

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Science China Mathematics 2007年第6期50卷 821-828页

作者： Ling-yau chan Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina

In many experiments, the performance of a subject may be affected by some previous treatments applied to it apart from the current treatment. This motivates the studies of the residual effects of the treatments in a block design. This paper shows that a circular block design neighbor-balanced at distances up toγ≤k - 1, where k is the block size, is universally optimal for total effects under the linear models containing the neighbor effects at distances up toγamong the class of all circular binary block designs. Some combinatorial approaches to constructing these circular block designs neighbor-balanced at distances up to k - 1 are provided.

关键词： block design circular neighbor-balanced total effect universally optimal 62k15 62k05

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Turbulent flows over real heterogeneous urban surfaces:Wind tunnel experiments and Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes simulations

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Building Simulation 2021年第5期14卷 1345-1358页

作者： Wai-Chi Cheng Chun-Ho Liu Yat-Kiu Ho Ziwei Mo Zhangquan Wu Wenye Li Lilian Y.L.chan W.K.Kwan Hing tuen yau School of Atmospheric Sciences and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster StudiesSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiChina Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) ZhuhaiChina Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Information Technology Services The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Wind tunnel experiment and steady-state Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)approaches are used to examine the urban boundary layer(UBL)development above Kowloon Peninsula,Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(HKSAR).The detailed urban morphology is resolved by computational fluid dynamics(CFD)and is fabricated by 3D-printing(reduced scale)for wind tunnel *** from the majority existing results based on idealized,homogeneous urban geometries,it was found that the wind and turbulence in the UBL over downtown Kowloon are characterized by the wake behind several high-rise *** particular,local maxima of turbulence kinetic energy(TKE)and shear stress are found at the roof level of those high-rise *** the downstream region where the flows are already adjusted to the urban surfaces,the urban roughness sublayer(URSL)can be further divided into two layers based on the structures of the mixing length/m,effective drag Dx and dispersive *** the lower URSL(z<100 m),lm is rather uniform,and the Reynolds stress and dispersive stress are *** the upper URSL(100 m z s 300 m),on the contrary,lm is peaked at the mid-height and the magnitude of dispersive stress is smaller than that of the Reynolds stress(<30%).The effective drag Dx is negligible in the upper URSL.

关键词： computational fluid dynamics(CFD) real urban morphology urban boundary layer(UBL) urban canopy model(UCM) wind tunnel experiments

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Human endogenous retrovirus type-W and multiple sclerosis–related smoldering neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 813-814页

作者： Joel Gruchot Laura Reiche Andrew chan Robert Hoepner Patrick Küry Department of Neurology Medical Faculty and University Hospital DüsseldorfHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Department of Neurology InselspitalBern University Hospital and University of BernBernSwitzerland

Introduction to human endogenous retrovirus type-W(HERV-W): Genomic inheritance from the past includes retroviral sequences that have been stably incorporated into our genomes and account for up to 8% of human DNA.

关键词： endogenous inflammation Human

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Urocortin and cardiovascular protection

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第3期25卷 3-11页

作者： Chi-wai LAU,yau-chi chan,Suk-ying TSANG,Franky Leung chan The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Anatomy The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Anatomy The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Anatomy The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Anatomy

Urocortin and other hypothalamus corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) polypeptides play biologically diverse roles in the stress, cardiovascular and inflammatory responses by acting on central and peripheral CRF receptors. Urocortin shows a significantly high sequence homology to CRF, and the concurrent expression of type-2 CRF (CRF2) receptors with urocortin in the heart suggests that urocortin may play a physiological role in the cardiac function. Urocortin is thought to be the endogenous agonist producing the cardiovascular actions previously attributed to CRF. This review highlights the current novel findings on the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which urocortin may exert its cardiovascular protective action.

关键词： urocortin corticotropin-releasing hormone vascular smooth muscle heart vasodilaion second messenger system protein kinases

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Clinicopathological survey of 23 patients with lacrimal fossa lesions in Hong Kong

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2011年第3期4卷 311-313页

作者： Danny Siu-Chun Ng Edwin chan Kin yau Clement Wai-Nang chan Department of Ophthalmology Tung Wah Eastern Hospital

AIM: To survey the clinicopathological correlations of lacrimal fossa lesions in the Hong Kong population. METHODS: A total of 23 patients with lacrimal fossa lesions were identified radiologically. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 52 year-old. The medical records of patients diagnosed with lacrimal fossa lesions and subsequently underwent radiological investigations were collected and reviewed retrospectively throughout a six years period from 2000 to 2006 from three regional hospitals (Tung Wah Eastern Hospital, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital and Queen Mary Hospital) belonging to the Hong Kong Mega Cluster. Patient demographics, presenting signs and symptoms, imaging modalities, pathological reports and subsequent management were recorded. RESULTS: The most common initial presenting symptom was upper lid swelling (83%) followed by proptosis (13%). 19 patients (83%) had benign lacrimal fossa lesion and 4 patients (17%) had malignancy. Three of the malignancies were lymphomas and one was adenoid cystic carcinoma. CONCLUSION: Age is an important factor in considering the differential diagnosis of lacrimal fossa lesion. Lymphoproliferative diseases have the highest incidence in patients over 60 years of age while inflammatory lesions are more common in younger patients in Hong Kong.

关键词： lacrimal gland tumor lymphoma

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A UNIQUENESS THEOREM FOR HOLOMORPHIC MAPPINGS IN THE DISK SHARING TOTALLY GEODESIC HYPERSURFACES

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2022年第4期42卷 1631-1644页

作者： Jiaxing HUANG tuen Wai NG College of Mathematics and Statistics Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China Department of Mathematics The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong

In this paper,we prove a Second Main Theorem for holomorphic mappings in a disk whose image intersects some families of nonlinear hypersurfaces(totally geodesic hypersurfaces with respect to a meromorphic connection) in the complex projective space P^(k).This is a generalization of Cartan’s Second Main *** a consequence,we establish a uniqueness theorem for holomorphic mappings which intersect O(k^(3)) many totally geodesic hypersurfaces.

关键词： Second Main Theorem meromorphic connection totally geodesic hypersurfaces uniqueness theorem

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