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The evolution of cancer genomic medicine in Japan and the role of the National Cancer Center Japan

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第1期21卷 29-44页

作者： Teruhiko Yoshida yasushi Yatabe Ken Kato Genichiro Ishii Akinobu Hamada Hiroyuki Mano Kuniko Sunami Noboru Yamamoto Takashi Kohno Department of Genetic Medicine and Services National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Diagnostic Pathology National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Clinical Research Support Offce Clinical Research Coordinating SectionBiobank Translational Research Support SectionNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories National Cancer Center Hospital EastChiba 277-8577Japan Division of Molecular Pharmacology National Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyo 104-0045Japan National Cancer Center Research Institute Tokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Laboratory Medicine National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Experimental Therapeutics National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Division of Genome Biology National Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyo 104-0045Japan

The journey to implement cancer genomic medicine(CGM)in oncology practice began in the 1980s,which is considered the dawn of genetic and genomic cancer *** the time,a variety of activating oncogenic alterations and their functional significance were unveiled in cancer cells,which led to the development of molecular targeted therapies in the 2000s and *** CGM is still a relatively new discipline and it is difficult to predict to what extent CGM will benefit the diverse pool of cancer patients,the National Cancer Center(NCC)of Japan has already contributed considerably to CGM advancement for the conquest of *** back at these past achievements of the NCC,we predict that the future of CGM will involve the following:1)A biobank of paired cancerous and non-cancerous tissues and cells from various cancer types and stages will be *** quantity and quality of these samples will be compatible with omics *** biobank samples will be linked to longitudinal clinical information.2)New technologies,such as whole-genome sequencing and artificial intelligence,will be introduced and new bioresources for functional and pharmacologic analyses(e.g.,a patient-derived xenograft library)will be systematically deployed.3)Fast and bidirectional translational research(bench-to-bedside and bedside-to-bench)performed by basic researchers and clinical investigators,preferably working alongside each other at the same institution,will be implemented;4)Close collaborations between academia,industry,regulatory bodies,and funding agencies will be established.5)There will be an investment in the other branch of CGM,personalized preventive medicine,based on the individual's genetic predisposition to cancer.

关键词： Cancer genomic medicine biobank patient-derived xenograft multi-gene panel test whole genome sequencing

Genomic medicine in clinical practice:national genomic medicine program in Japan

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第1期21卷 4-9页

Cancer statistics in Japan Cancer is the most common cause of death in Japan based on Statistics 2021~*** statistics were first gathered,infectious diseases,such as tuberculosis,and cerebrovascular disease have been the main causes of death in *** surpassed cerebrovascular disease as the main cause of death in 1981,and the number of cancer deaths has *** 38,000 people died of cancer in *** National Cancer Center(NCC)reported that the 5-year survival rate for patients with cancer was improving(62%for males and 66.9%for females)in a population-based cancer registry.

关键词： Cancer cancer death

Static Stretching Combined with Conscious Slower Breathing May Increase Parasympathetic Activity and Reduce Stress in Adult Women

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Health 2024年第3期16卷 242-256页

作者： Mami Sakurai yasushi Ikarashi Masahiro Tabuchi Ailing Hu Takuji Yamaguchi Hiroyuki Kobayashi Department of Hospital Administration Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo Japan Department of Beauty & Wellness Professional University of Beauty & Wellness Yokohama Japan Department of Personalized Kampo Medicine Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo Japan

Background: Women are thought to be more susceptible to stress than men in a stressful society, and reducing stress is crucial for women to maintain their health. Static stretching (SST) is applied in various fields to not only increase muscle flexibility but also reduce stress. Additionally, conscious slower breathing (CSB) predominates parasympathetic activity, causing a relaxing effect. These results indicate that combining SST and CSB may be more useful in reducing stress. However, to the best of our knowledge, the effect of this combination remains unclear. Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the effects of the combination of SST and CSB on autonomic activity and stress in adult women. Methods: Eleven healthy Japanese adult female participants performed SST with nonconscious natural breathing for 20 min. The same participants performed SST in combination with CSB (2 s inspiratory and 4 s expiratory) for 20 min on another day. Salivary cortisol and chromogranin A levels were measured before and after stretching as stress markers of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and sympathetic nervous system. The coefficient of variation of the R-R interval (CVR-R) and high-frequency component (HF), which reflect parasympathetic nerve activity, and heart rate and low-frequency component (LF)/HF ratio, which reflect sympathetic nerve activity, were measured before, during, and after stretching. Results: SST decreased cortisol levels but with no significant changes in chromogranin A, heart rate, CVR-R, HF, or LF/HF ratio. The combination of SST and CSB increased CVR-R and HF levels in addition to decreasing cortisol levels but with no significant changes in chromogranin A, heart rate, or LF/HF levels. Conclusion: These results indicate that the combination of SST and CSB may increase parasympathetic activity and reduce stress. However, future randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes should support this conclusion.

关键词： Static Stretching Conscious Slower Breathing Autonomic Activity Heart Rate Variability Stress

Prophylactic Pattern Scanning Laser Retinal Photocoagulation for Diabetic Retinopathy in Spontaneously Diabetic Torii Fatty Rats: Preliminary Experimental Results

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2024年第3期14卷 153-165页

作者： Rina Takagi Yoshiaki Tanaka Tetsuya Hasegawa Masami Shinohara yasushi Kageyama Tomohiko Sasase Machiko Shimmura-Tomita Akihiro Kakehashi Toshikatsu Kaburaki Department of Ophthalmology Saitama Medical Center Jichi Medical University Saitama-shi Saitama-ken Japan Tokyo Animal & Diet Department CLEA Japan Inc. Tokyo Japan Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute Japan Tobacco Inc. Takatsuki Osaka Japan

Research Background and Purpose: The number of diabetic patients is rapidly increasing, making it crucial to find methods to prevent diabetic retinopathy (DR), a leading cause of blindness. We investigated the effects of prophylactic pattern scanning laser retinal photocoagulation on DR development in Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) fatty rats as a new prevention approach. Methods: Photocoagulation was applied to the right eyes of 8-week-old Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) fatty rats, with the left eyes serving as untreated controls. Electroretinography at 9 and 39 weeks of age and pathological examinations, including immunohistochemistry for vascular endothelial growth factor and glial fibrillary acidic protein at 24 and 40 weeks of age, were performed on both eyes. Results: There were no significant differences in amplitude and prolongation of the OP waves between the right and left eyes in SDT fatty rats at 39 weeks of age. Similarly, no significant differences in pathology and immunohistochemistry were observed between the right and left eyes in SDT fatty rats at 24 and 40 weeks of age. Conclusion: Prophylactic pattern scanning retinal laser photocoagulation did not affect the development of diabetic retinopathy in SDT fatty rats.

关键词： Diabetes Pattern Scanning Laser Diabetic Retinopathy Spontaneously Diabetic Torii Fatty Rats Electroretinography

Novel procedure for hepatic venous outflow block after liver resection:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第29期12卷 6320-6326页

作者： Hisanobu Higashi Yuta Abe Kodai Abe Yutaka Nakano Masayuki Tanaka Shutaro Hori yasushi Hasegawa Hiroshi Yagi Minoru Kitago Yuko Kitagawa Department of Surgery National Hospital Organization Saitama HospitalWako 351-0102Japan Department of Surgery Keio University School of MedicineTokyo 160-8582Japan

BACKGROUND Postoperative complications like remnant hepatic vein(HV)outflow block and liver torsion can occur after right *** falciform ligament fixation is typically used to prevent liver *** report a novel procedure to manage outflow *** SUMMARY An 80-year-old man developed HV outflow block after remnant right hepatectomy,despite liver fixation and intraoperative HV flow *** had a history of cholangiocellular carcinoma and had undergone posterior segmentectomy and *** falciform ligament fixation was inadequate to maintain liver *** surgery was performed,using an omental flap and mobilized right side colon with ileocecal region to prevent liver dislocation due to intraabdominal *** postoperative course was *** This is the first report providing a novel surgical procedure when the falciform ligament is insufficient for remnant liver fixation.

关键词： Hepatectomy Postoperative complications Budd-Chiari syndrome Hepatic vein outflow block Emergency surgery Case report

Tyrosinase-modified carbon felt-based flow-biosensors:The role of ultra-sonication in shortening the enzyme immobilization time and improving the sensitivity for p-chlorophenol

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第6期23卷 1038-1043页

作者： yasushi Hasebe Department of Material Science and Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringSaitama Institute of Technology1690 FusaijiFukayaSaitama 369-0293Japan Department of Life Science and Green Chemistry Saitama Institute of Technology1690 FusaijiFukayaSaitama 369-0293Japan

Tyrosinase（TYR） was covalently immobilized onto amino-functionalized carbon felt surface via glutaraldehyde-coupling under ultrasonic treatment for 10 *** resulting TYR-immobilized carbon felt was used as a working electrode unit of bioelectrocatalytic flow-through detector for TYR substrates（catechol,p-chlorophenol（p-CP）,p-cresol,phenol etc.）.Cathodic peak currents based on the electroreduction of enzymatically produced o-quinones were detected at-50 mV ***/*** with previous work in which TYR was immobilized onto amino-functionalized carbon felt for 16 hr without the ultrasonic treatment,we succeeded in（1） shortening the enzyme immobilization time from 16 hr to 10 min,（2） enhancing the sensitivity of p-CP,and（3） improving the operational stability of *** ultrasonic treatment during the TYR immobilization step would lead to certain changes in the structure of the immobilized TYR and the morphology of the immobilized TYR-layer on the carbon felt surface.

关键词： enzyme immobilization under ultrasonic treatment flow-biosensor carbon felt tyrosinase phenolic compounds

Collapse Behavior of Pipe-Framed Greenhouses with and without Reinforcement under Snow Loading:A 3-D Finite Element Analysis

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2024年第2期18卷 51-59页

作者： yasushi Uematsu Kazuya Takahashi New Industry Creation Hatchery Center Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8579Japan Engineering Headquarters Shimizu CorporationChuo-kuTokyo 104-8370Japan

The present paper first investigates the collapse behavior of a conventional pipe-framed greenhouse under snow loading based on a 3-D finite element analysis,in which both geometrical and material non-linearities are *** snow load distribution patterns related to the wind-driven snow particle movement are used in the *** is found that snow load distribution affects the deformation and collapse behavior of the pipe-framed greenhouse *** results obtained in this study are consistent with the actual damage ***,discussion is made of the effects of reinforcements by adding members to the basic frame on the strength of the whole structure,in which seven kinds of reinforcement methods are examined.A buckling analysis is also carried *** results indicate that the most effective reinforcement method depends on the snow load distribution pattern.

关键词： Pipe-framed greenhouse snow loading collapse buckling finite element analysis

Sensitive voltammetric and amperometric responses of respiratory toxins at hemin-adsorbed carbon-felt

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第6期25卷 1055-1062页

作者： yasushi Hasebe Yue Wang Department of Life Science and Green Chemistry Faculty of EngineeringSaitama Institute of Technology School of Chemical Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning

A hemin [iron-Fe（III） protoporphyrin IX chloride] was adsorbed onto a carbon-felt （CF）, which is a microelectrode ensemble of micro carbon fiber （ca. 7 ~tm diameter）. The resulting hemin-adsorbed-CF （hemin-CF） showed a well-defined redox wave based on the hemin- Fe（III）/Fe（II） redox process with the formal potential of -0.225 V vs. Ag/AgC1 in deoxygenated phosphate]citrate buffer solution （0.1 mol/L, pH 5.0）. The apparent heterogenous electron transfer rate constant was estimated to be 8.6 sec-1. In air-saturated electrolyte solution, the hemin-CF exhibited an excellent electrocatalytic activity for the reduction of dioxygen （O2）. This activity was reversibly inhibited by respiratory toxins such as cyanide and azide, which bind sixth coordination position of iron active center of hemin. The electrocatalytic Oz reduction current at the hemin-CF was modulated by the toxins in a concentration-depending manner. Based on the relationship between the %inhibition and the toxin concentration, apparent inhibition constants of cyanide and azide were evaluated to be 4.52 and 1.98 Ixmol/L, respectively. When the hemin-CF was used as a working electrode unit of the CF-based electrochemical flow-through detector with air-saturated carrier, the injection of the azide induced peak-shape current responses, which allowed rapid and continuous flow-amperometric determination of azide with high sensitivity.

关键词： respiratory toxin hemin carbon-felt cyanide azide voltammetry amperometry

Estimating reflectance and shape of objects from a single cartoon-shaded image

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Computational Visual Media 2017年第1期3卷 21-31页

作者： Hideki Todo yasushi Yamaguchi Tokyo University of Technology The University of Tokyo

Although many photorealistic relighting methods provide a way to change the illumination of objects in a digital photograph, it is currently difficult to relight digital illustrations having a cartoon shading style. The main difference between photorealistic and cartoon shading styles is that cartoon shading is characterized by soft color quantization and nonlinear color variations that cause noticeable reconstruction errors under a physical reflectance assumption, such as Lambertian reflection. To handle this non-photorealistic shading property, we focus on shading analysis of the most fundamental cartoon shading technique. Based on the color map shading representation, we propose a simple method to determine the input shading as that of a smooth shape with a nonlinear reflectance property. We have conducted simple ground-truth evaluations to compare our results to those obtained by other approaches.

关键词： non-photorealistic rendering cartoon shading relighting quantization