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10微瓦维持功耗的256k CMOS SRAM

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微电子学 1985年第Z1期 204-206页

作者： yasuo kobayashi ,Hirotsugu Eguchi ,涂继芸

每年,手提式小型计算机及其它携带式的装置已经用越来越大的存贮容量来装配。这种用电池供电的装置要求每位有低的维持功耗,及低成本和小的芯片尺寸。本文将给出一种32k×8位的CMOS静态RAM,其芯片尺寸为5.09mm×8.00mm（40.7mm2）,

关键词：芯片尺寸多晶硅显微照片 SRAM 负载电阻硅化物 CMOS SRAM 功耗

Development of a Muon Rotating Target for J-PARC/MUSE

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Development of a Muon Rotating Target for J-PARC/MUSE

Y chromosome microdeletion screening using a new molecular diagnostic method in 1030 Japanese males with infertility

第18届国际真空大会

作者： Shunsuke Makimura yasuo kobayashi Yasuhiro Miyake Naritoshi Kawamura Patrick Strasser Akihiro Koda Kouichiro Shimomura Hiroshi Fujimori Kusuo Nishiyama Mineo Kato Kenji Kojima Ryosuke Kadono Muon Science Laboratory High Energy Accelerator Research Organization （KEK）

At the J-PARC muon science facility （J-PARC/MUSE）, a graphite target with 20-mm thickness has been used in vacuum to obtain an intense pulsed muon beam from the RCS 3-GeV proton beam [1]. In the current design, the target frame is constructed using copper with a stainless steel tube embedded for water cooling. The energy deposited by the proton beam at 1MW is evaluated to be 3.3 kW on the graphite target and 600 W on the copper frame by a Monte-Carlo simulation code, PHITS [2]. Graphite materials are known to lose their crystal structure and can be shrunk by the intense proton beam irradiation. Consequently, the lifetime of the muon target is essentially determined by the radiation damage in graphite, and is evaluated to be half a year [3]. Hence, we are planning to distribute the radiation damage by rotating a graphite wheel. Although the lifetime of graphite in this case will be more than 10 years, the design of the bearing must be carefully considered. Because the bearing in J-PARC/MUSE is utilized in vacuum, under high radiation, and in high temperature, an inorganic and solid lubricant must be applied on the bearing. Simultaneously, the temperature at the bearing must be also decreased to extend the lifetime. In 2009, a mock-up of the Muon Rotating Target, which could heat up and rotate a graphite wheel, was fabricated and then several tests were started to select the lubricant, and to decide the structure of the Muon Rotating Target, the control system and so on. In this presentation, the present status of the Muon Rotating Target for J-PARC/MUSE, especially the development of a rotation system in vacuum, will be described.

关键词： J-PARC Muon Target Bearing

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第4期22卷 368-371页

作者： Masashi Iijima Kazuyoshi Shigehara Hideki Igarashi Koichi Kyono yasuo Suzuki Yuji Tsuji Yoshitomo Kobori Hideyuki kobayashi Atsushi Mizokami Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical ScienceKanazawa 920-8641Japan Kyono ART Clinic Sendai 980-0014Japan Kyono ART Clinic TakanawaTokyo 108-0074Japan Suzuki Lady's Hospital Kanazawa 921-8033Japan Ebisu Tsuji Clinic Tokyo 150-0021Japan Tenjin Tsuji Clinic Fukuoka 810-0001Japan Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital Saitama 343-8555Japan Department of Urology Faculty of MedicineToho UniversityTokyo 143-8541Japan

The azoospermia factor(AZF)region is important for spermatogenesis,and deletions within these regions are a common cause of oligozoospermia and *** several studies have reported this cause,the present research,to the best of our knowledge,is the first large-scale study assessing this factor in *** this study,1030 male patients with infertility who were examined for Y chromosome microdeletion using the polymerase chain reaction-reverse sequence-specific oligonucleotide(PCR-rSSO)method,a newly developed method for Y chromosome microdeletion screening,were *** study enrolled 250 patients with severe oligospermia and 717 patients with *** the 1030 patients,4,4,10,and 52 had AZFa,AZFb,AZFb+c,and AZFc deletions,*** sperm recovery rate(SRR)of microdissection testicular sperm extraction in patients with AZFc deletions was significantly higher than that in those without AZF deletions(60.0%vs 28.7%,P=0.04).In patients with gr/gr deletion,SRR was 18.7%,which was lower than that in those without gr/gr deletion,but was not statistically *** conclusion,our study showed that the frequency of Y chromosome microdeletion in male patients in Japan was similar to that reported in patients from other countries,and SRR was higher in patients with AZFc deletion.

关键词： azoospermia factor Japanese infertile men sperm recovery rate Y chromosome microdeletion

Diagnosis and management of insulinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第6期19卷 829-837页

作者： Takehiro Okabayashi yasuo Shima Tatsuaki Sumiyoshi Akihito Kozuki Satoshi Ito Yasuhiro Ogawa Michiya kobayashi Kazuhiro Hanazaki Department of Surgery Kochi Health Sciences CenterKochi 781-8555Japan Department of Radiology Kochi Medical SchoolNankoku 783-8505Japan Department of Surgery Kochi Medical SchoolNankoku 783-8505Japan

Insulinomas,the most common cause of hypoglycemia related to endogenous hyperinsulinism,occur in 1-4 people per million of the general *** autonomic symptoms of insulinoma include diaphroresis,tremor,and palpitations,whereas neuroglycopenenic symptoms include confusion,behavioural changes,personality changes,visual disturbances,seizure,and *** of suspected cases is based on standard endocrine tests,especially the prolonged fasting ***-invasive imaging procedures,such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging,are used when a diagnosis of insulinoma has been made to localize the source of pathological insulin *** modalities,such as endoscopic ultrasonography and arterial stimulation venous sampling,are highly accurate in the preoperative localization of insulinomas and have frequently been shown to be superior to noninvasive localization *** range of techniques available for the localization of insulinomas means thatblind resection can be *** manual palpation of the pancreas by an experienced surgeon and intraoperative ultrasonography are both sensitive methods with which to finalize the location of insulinomas.A high proportion of patients with insulinomas can be cured with *** patients with malignant insulinomas,an aggressive medical approach,including extended pancreatic resection,liver resection,liver transplantation,chemoembolization,or radiofrequency ablation,is recommended to improve both survival and quality of *** patients with unresectable or uncontrollable insulinomas,such as malignant insulinoma of the pancreas,several techniques should be considered,including administration of ocreotide and/or continuous glucose monitoring,to prevent hypoglycemic episodes and to improve quality of life.

关键词： Pancreas Insulinoma Neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor Diagnosis Management Continuous blood glucose monitoring

Molecular pathogenesis of sporadiccolorectal cancers

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2016年第1期35卷 12-19页

作者： Hidetsugu Yamagishi Hajime Kuroda yasuo Imai Hideyuki Hiraishi Department of Diagnostic Pathology Dokkyo Medical University880 Kita‑KobayashiMibuShimotsugaTochigi 321‑0293Japan Department of Pathology International University of Health and Welfare Hospital537‑3 IguchiNasushiobaraTochigi 329‑2763Japan Department of Diagnostic Pathology Ota Memorial HospitalFuji Heavy Industries Health Insurance Society455‑1 OshimaOtaGunma 373‑8585Japan Department of Gastroenterology Dokkyo Medical University880 Kita‑KobayashiMibuShimotsugaTochigi 321‑0293Japan.

Colorectal cancer(CRC)results from the progressive accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations that lead to the transformation of normal colonic mucosa to *** 75%of CRCs are sporadic and occur in people without genetic predisposition or family history of *** the past two decades,sporadic CRCs were classified into three major groups according to frequently altered/mutated *** genes have been identified by linkage analyses of cancer-prone families and by individual mutation analyses of candidate genes selected on the basis of functional *** the first half of this review,we describe the genetic pathways of sporadic CRCs and their clinicopathologic ***,large-scale genome analyses have detected many infrequently mutated genes as well as a small number of frequently mutated *** infrequently mutated genes are likely described in a limited number of ***-oriented models of CRC progression are being replaced by pathway-oriented *** the second half of this review,we summarize the present knowledge of this research field and discuss its prospects.

关键词： Sporadic colorectal cancer, Pathogenesis, Morphology, Large-scale genome analysis, Genetic pathway

Computer-aided differential diagnosis system for Alzheimer’s disease based on machine learning with functional and morphological image features in magnetic resonance imaging

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2013年第11期6卷 1090-1098页

作者： yasuo Yamashita Hidetaka Arimura Takashi Yoshiura Chiaki Tokunaga Ohara Tomoyuki Koji kobayashi Yasuhiko Nakamura Nobuyoshi Ohya Hiroshi Honda Fukai Toyofuku Department of Clinical Radiology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Department of Neuropsychiatry Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Division of Radiology Department of Medical Technology Kyusyu University Hospital Fukuoka Japan Faculty of Medical Science Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Graduate School of Medical Science Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Division of Radiology Department of Medical Technology Kyusyu University Hospital Fukuoka Japan

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a dementing disorder and one of the major public health problems in countries with greater longevity. The cerebral cortical thickness and cerebral blood flow (CBF), which are considered as morphological and functional image features, respectively, could be decreased in specific cerebral regions of patients with dementia of Alzheimer type. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a computer-aided classification system for AD patients based on machine learning with the morphological and functional image features derived from a magnetic resonance (MR) imaging system. The cortical thicknesses in ten cerebral regions were derived as morphological features by using gradient vector trajectories in fuzzy membership images. Functional CBF maps were measured with an arterial spin labeling technique, and ten regional CBF values were obtained by registration between the CBF map and Talairach atlas using an affine transformation and a free form deformation. We applied two systems based on an arterial neural network (ANN) and a support vector machine (SVM), which were trained with 4 morphological and 6 functional image features, to 15 AD patients and 15 clinically normal (CN) subjects for classification of AD. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values for the two systems based on the ANN and SVM with both image?features were 0.901 and 0.915, respectively. The AUC values for the ANN-and SVM-based systems with the morphological features were 0.710 and 0.660, respectively, and those with the functional features were 0.878 and 0.903, respectively. Our preliminary results suggest that the proposed method may have potential for assisting radiologists in the differential diagnosis of AD patients by using morphological and functional image features.

关键词： Computer-aided Classification (CAD) Alzheimer’s Disease Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) Fuzzy Membership Image Cortical Thickness Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF)

Automated measurement of three-dimensional cerebral cortical thickness in Alzheimer’s patients using localized gradient vector trajectory in fuzzy membership maps

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2013年第3期6卷 327-336页

作者： Chiaki Tokunaga Hidetaka Arimura Takashi Yoshiura Tomoyuki Ohara yasuo Yamashita Kouji kobayashi Taiki Magome Yasuhiko Nakamura Hiroshi Honda Hideki Hirata Masafumi Ohki Fukai Toyofuku Department of Clinical Radiology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Department of Health Sciences Faculty of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Department of Health Sciences Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Department of Neuropsychiatry Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Division of Radiology Department of Medical Technology Kyushu University Hospital Fukuoka Japan

Our purpose in this study was to develop an automated method for measuring three-dimensional (3D) cerebral cortical thicknesses in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) using magnetic resonance (MR) images. Our proposed method consists of mainly three steps. First, a brain parenchymal region was segmented based on brain model matching. Second, a 3D fuzzy membership map for a cerebral cortical region was created by applying a fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering algorithm to T1-weighted MR images. Third, cerebral cortical thickness was three- dimensionally measured on each cortical surface voxel by using a localized gradient vector trajectory in a fuzzy membership map. Spherical models with 3 mm artificial cortical regions, which were produced using three noise levels of 2%, 5%, and 10%, were employed to evaluate the proposed method. We also applied the proposed method to T1-weighted images obtained from 20 cases, i.e., 10 clinically diagnosed AD cases and 10 clinically normal (CN) subjects. The thicknesses of the 3 mm artificial cortical regions for spherical models with noise levels of 2%, 5%, and 10% were measured by the proposed method as 2.953 ± 0.342, 2.953 ± 0.342 and 2.952 ± 0.343 mm, respectively. Thus the mean thicknesses for the entire cerebral lobar region were 3.1 ± 0.4 mm for AD patients and 3.3 ± 0.4 mm for CN subjects, respectively (p < 0.05). The proposed method could be feasible for measuring the 3D cerebral cortical thickness on individual cortical surface voxels as an atrophy feature in AD.

关键词： Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) Fuzzy C-Means Clustering (FCM) Three-Dimensional Cerebral Cortical Thickness Localized Gradient Vector

显示出与肝炎 B 病毒感染联系的微分表示的细胞的基因的鉴定

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World Journal of Hepatology 2012年第4期4卷 139-148页

作者： yasuo Fukuhara Takeshi Suda Makoto kobayashi Yasushi Tamura Masato Igarashi Nobuo Waguri Hirokazu Kawai Yutaka Aoyagi Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Chuo-ku Niigata Niigata 951-8122 Japan

AIM: To investigate the impact of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection on cellular gene expression, by conducting both in vitro and in vivo studies. METHODS: Knockdown of HBV was targeted by stable expression of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) in huH-1 cells. Cellular gene expression was compared using a human 30K cDNA microarray in the cells and quantified by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) (qRT-PCR) in the cells, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and surrounding non-cancerous liver tissues (SL). RESULTS: The expressions of HBsAg and HBx protein were markedly suppressed in the cells and in HBx transgenic mouse liver, respectively, after introduction of shRNA. Of the 30K genes studied, 135 and 103 genes were identified as being down- and up-regulated, respectively, by at least twofold in the knockdown cells. Functional annotation revealed that 85 and 62 genes were classified into four up-regulated and five down-regulated functional categories, respectively. When gene expression levels were compared between HCC and SL, eight candidate genes that were confirmed to be up- or down-regulated in the knockdown cells by both microarray and qRT-PCR analyses were not expressed as expected from HBV reduction in HCC, but had similar expression patterns in HBV- and hepatitis C virus-associated cases. In contrast, among the eight genes, only APM2 was constantly repressed in HBV non-associated tissues irrespective of HCC or SL.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Differential gene expression Hepatocellular carcinoma Gene expression signature Adipose most abundant 2