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Role of Air Staging in a Batch-Type Fixed Bed Biomass Combustor under Constant Primary Air

Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 284-299页

作者： Awais JUNEJO yasir m.al-abdeli Jacobo PORTEIRO School of Engineering Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia CINTECX Universidade de Vigo Grupo de Tecnoloxia Enerxetica(GTE)36310 VigoEspana

Staged combustion of biomass is the most suitable thermo-chemical conversion for achieving lower gaseous emissions and higher fuel conversion rates.In a staged fixed bed combustion of biomass,combustion air is supplied in two stages.In the first stage,primary air is provided below the fuel,whereas in the later stage,secondary air is supplied in the freeboard region.The available literature on the effects of air staging(secondary air location) at a constant primary air flow rate on combustion characteristics in a batch-type fixed bed combustor is limited and hence warrants further investigations.This study resolves the effect of air staging,by varying the location of secondary air in the freeboard at five secondary to total air ratios in a batch-type fixed bed combustor.Results are reported for the effects of these controlled parameters on fuel conversion rate,overall gaseous emissions(CO_(2),CO and NO_x) and temperature distributions.The fuel used throughout was densified hardwood pellets.Results show that a primary freeboard length(distance between fuel bed top and secondary air injection) of200 mm has higher fuel conversion rates and temperatures as well as lower CO emissions,at a secondary to total air ratio of 0.75 as compared to primary freeboard length of 300 mm.However,NO_x emissions were found to be lower for a primary freeboard length of 300 mm as compared to 200 mm.An increase in secondary to total air ratio from 0.33 to 0.75 resulted in higher freeboard temperatures and lower CO as well as NO_x emissions.The outcomes of this study will be helpful in the effective design of commercial scale biomass combustors for more efficient and environmentally friendly combustion.

关键词： fixed bed combustor biomass combustion air staging freeboard temperature burning rate gaseous emissions

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Temperature Uniformity,Correlations and the Flow Field in Swirling Impinging Jets

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第2期32卷 662-679页

作者： Zahir U.AHmED yasir m.al-abdeli Department of mechanical Engineering Khulna University of Engineering&TechnologyKhulna 9203Bangladesh School of Engineering Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia

Infrared thermography,velocity and impingement pressure measurements alongside numerical modelling are used in this study to resolve(heated)surface temperature distributions of turbulent swirling impinging jets for two Reynolds numbers(Re=11600 and 24600).Whilst building upon earlier discoveries for this same geometry,this paper provides three new contributions:(1)identifying the role of impingement distance(H/D)as a deciding factor in the trade-off between more efficient heat transfer(at high swirl numbers)and achieving better substrate temperature uniformity(lower gradients),(2)developing correlations to predict Nusselt number for swirling and non-swirling cooling jets,and(3)predicting the underlying mixing field in these jets and its interplay with the thermal distributions resolved.Results indicate substrate temperature uniformity varies based on H/D and swirl intensity(S)with a significant level of thermal non-uniformity occurring in near-field impingement(H/D=1)at stronger swirl(S=0.59 and 0.74).Four correlations describing the effects of S,Re,and H on the average heat transfer and stagnation heat transfer are developed and yield accuracies of 8%and 12%,respectively.Flow recirculation near the impingement surface is predicted at H/D=1 for stronger swirl jets which disappears at other substrate distances.The peak wall shear stress reduces and the flow impingement becomes radially wider at higher H/D and S.Stronger turbulence or eddy viscosity regions for non-swirling jets(S=0)are predicted in the shear layer and entrainment regions at H/D=1,but such turbulence is confined to the impingement and wall jet regions for strongly swirling flows.

关键词： Temperature uniformity Nusselt number IR imaging CTA RANS

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Facile synthesis of samarium and cerium doped double perovskite cobaltite with enhanced dielectric response

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1317-1327页

作者： yasir Abbas m.Kamran m.Anis-ur-Rehman Applied Thermal Physics Laboratory Department of PhysicsCOMSATS University Islamabad

The investigation of Sm-Ce doping on structure,conduction,and dielectric response of Bi2Ca2-2xSmxCexCoO6（x=0.000,0.025,0.050,0.075）(BCSCCO) are presented.all the specimens were synthesized by a facile synthesis technique named the co-precipitation route.X-ray diffraction（XRD）reveals that BCSCCO crystallizes into one phase with space group P21/m.The crystallite size,dislocation density,lattice parameters,lattice strain,unit cell volume,and bulk density were determined using XRD data.The structural properties of Bi2Ca2CoO6were examined using calculations based on the density functional theory.Theoretical and experimental values discrepancy is less than 1%.A scanning electron microscope was used for performing a micro structural analysis.The SEm images demonstrate the homogeneous distribution of grains with a range of sizes（0.054-0.090 μm）.The alternating current（ac）conductivity, dielectric permittivity,and tangent loss were also studied as a function of frequency（20 Hz-3 mHz） at different temperatures（100-500℃）.all synthesized samples were examined using nonlinear Debye's function to determine their spreading factor and relaxation time.The specimen with the lowest crystallite size（～23 nm） exhibits a high dielectric permittivity（～3.80×10～6）.The conduction mechanism was examined in the studied samples with the use of Jonscher's power law.The power law indicates that the BCSCCO（x=0.000,0.025） follows correlated barrier hopping,whereas the x=0.050and 0.075 compositions follow non-overlapping polaron tunneling.The studied specimen Bi2Ca1.90Sm0.050Ce0.050CoO6with the highest density（～5.65 g/cm3） displays a high electrical conductivity（-46.1 S/cm）.These findings correspond to those published for ceramics made from calcium cobaltite using solid-state reactions（5.0-26.0 S/cm）.

关键词： Bismuth calcium samarium cerium cobaltite (BCSCCO) Conduction mechanism Rare earths Spreading factor

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Recent advances on vaccines against malaria: A review

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2024年第4期17卷 143-159页

作者： Shiza malik yasir Waheed Bridging Health Foundation Rawalpindi 46000Pakistan Gilbert and Rose-marie Chagoury School of medicine Lebanese American UniversityByblos 1401Lebanon mEU Research Unit Middle East UniversityAmman11831Jordan

This review aims to summarize the currently viable vaccine strategies including the approved vaccines and the those in trials for next-generation malaria vaccines.Data on malaria vaccine development was collected through a comprehensive review.The literature search was performed using databases including Google Scholar,Pubmed,NIH,and Web of Science.Various novel approaches of vaccination are being developed,including those based on radiation-attenuated strategies,monoclonal antibodies,targeted immunogenic peptides,RNA and DNA vaccines,nanoparticle-based vaccines,protein-based vaccination protocols,and whole organism-based vaccination strategies.Trials on RTS,S have entered phase Ⅲtesting,and those based on blood-stage vaccines and vaccines to interrupt malarial transmission have advanced to higher stages of trials.mathematical modeling,combined drug and vaccine strategies,mass drug administration,polyvalent vaccine formulations,and targeted vaccination campaigns is playing an important role in malarial prevention.Furthermore,assessing coverage,accessibility,acceptability,deployment,compilation,and adherence to specific vaccination strategies in endemic regions is essential for vaccination drives against malaria.

关键词： Vaccines against malaria Drugs and adjuvant malarial treatment Plasmodium RTS,S vaccine

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A Hybrid SIR-Fuzzy model for Epidemic Dynamics:A Numerical Study

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 3417-3434页

作者： muhammad Shoaib Arif Kamaleldin Abodayeh yasir Nawaz Department of mathematics and Sciences College of Humanities and SciencesPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of mathematics Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan

This study focuses on the urgent requirement for improved accuracy in diseasemodeling by introducing a newcomputational framework called the Hybrid SIR-Fuzzy model.By integrating the traditional Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered(SIR)modelwith fuzzy logic,ourmethod effectively addresses the complex nature of epidemic dynamics by accurately accounting for uncertainties and imprecisions in both data and model parameters.The main aim of this research is to provide a model for disease transmission using fuzzy theory,which can successfully address uncertainty in mathematical modeling.Our main emphasis is on the imprecise transmission rate parameter,utilizing a three-part description of its membership level.This enhances the representation of disease processes with greater complexity and tackles the difficulties related to quantifying uncertainty in mathematical models.We investigate equilibrium points for three separate scenarios and perform a comprehensive sensitivity analysis,providing insight into the complex correlation betweenmodel parameters and epidemic results.In order to facilitate a quantitative analysis of the fuzzy model,we propose the implementation of a resilient numerical scheme.The convergence study of the scheme demonstrates its trustworthiness,providing a conditionally positive solution,which represents a significant improvement compared to current forward Euler schemes.The numerical findings demonstrate themodel’s effectiveness in accurately representing the dynamics of disease transmission.Significantly,when the mortality coefficient rises,both the susceptible and infected populations decrease,highlighting the model’s sensitivity to important epidemiological factors.moreover,there is a direct relationship between higher Holling type rate values and a decrease in the number of individuals who are infected,as well as an increase in the number of susceptible individuals.This correlation offers a significant understanding of how many elements affect the consequences of an epidemic.Our objective is to enh

关键词： Fuzzy-based model sensitivity equilibriumpoints proposed numerical scheme convergence and stability analysis

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Consequences of Rényi entropy on the thermal geometries and Hawking evaporation of topological dyonic dilaton black hole

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 102-110页

作者： muhammad yasir Xia Tiecheng muhammad Usman Shahid Chaudhary Department of mathematics Shanghai University and Newtouch Center for Mathematics of Shanghai UniversityShanghai200444China Department of Natural Sciences and Humanities University of Engineering and Technology LahoreNew CampusPakistan

The thermodynamics of black holes(BHs)has had a profound impact on theoretical physics,providing insight into the nature of gravity,the quantum structure of spacetime and the fundamental laws governing the Universe.In this study,we investigate thermal geometries and Hawking evaporation of the recently proposed topological dyonic dilaton BH in anti-de Sitter(Ad S)space.We consider Rényi entropy and obtain the relations for pressure,heat capacity and Gibbs free energy and observe that the Rényi parameter and dilaton field play a vital role in the phase transition and stability of the BH.moreover,we use Weinhold,Ruppeiner and Hendi Panahiyah Eslam momennia models to evaluate the scalar curvature of the BH and find out that the divergence points of the scalar curvature coincides with the zero of specific heat.Finally,using Stefan–Boltzmann law,we determine that the BH without a dilaton field evaporates far more quickly compared to the dilaton BH in Ad S space.

关键词： topological dyonic dilaton black hole phase transition thermal geometry Hawking evaporation

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Construction of a Computational Scheme for the Fuzzy HIV/AIDS Epidemic model with a Nonlinear Saturated Incidence Rate

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1405-1425页

This work aimed to construct an epidemic model with fuzzy parameters.Since the classical epidemic model doesnot elaborate on the successful interaction of susceptible and infective people,the constructed fuzzy epidemicmodel discusses the more detailed versions of the interactions between infective and susceptible people.Thenext-generation matrix approach is employed to find the reproduction number of a deterministic model.Thesensitivity analysis and local stability analysis of the systemare also provided.For solving the fuzzy epidemic model,a numerical scheme is constructed which consists of three time levels.The numerical scheme has an advantage overthe existing forward Euler scheme for determining the conditions of getting the positive solution.The establishedscheme also has an advantage over existing non-standard finite difference methods in terms of order of accuracy.The stability of the scheme for the considered fuzzy model is also provided.From the plotted results,it can beobserved that susceptible people decay by rising interaction parameters.

关键词： Epidemic model fuzzy rate parameters next generation matrix local stability proposed numerical scheme

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model Agnostic meta-Learning(mAmL)-Based Ensemble model for Accurate Detection of Wheat Diseases Using Vision Transformer and Graph Neural Networks

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Computers, materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2795-2811页

作者： yasir maqsood Syed muhammad Usman musaed alhussein Khursheed Aurangzeb Shehzad Khalid muhammad Zubair Department of Creative Technologies Faculty of Computing and Artificial IntelligenceAir UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering Bahria School of Engineering and Applied SciencesBahria UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Laboratory for Neuro&Psychophysiology KU LeuvenLeuven3000Belgium

Wheat is a critical crop,extensively consumed worldwide,and its production enhancement is essential to meet escalating demand.The presence of diseases like stem rust,leaf rust,yellow rust,and tan spot significantly diminishes wheat yield,making the early and precise identification of these diseases vital for effective disease management.With advancements in deep learning algorithms,researchers have proposed many methods for the automated detection of disease pathogens;however,accurately detectingmultiple disease pathogens simultaneously remains a challenge.This challenge arises due to the scarcity of RGB images for multiple diseases,class im.alance in existing public datasets,and the difficulty in extracting features that discriminate between multiple classes of disease pathogens.In this research,a novel method is proposed based on Transfer Generative Adversarial Networks for augmenting existing data,thereby overcoming the problems of class im.alance and data scarcity.This study proposes a customized architecture of Vision Transformers(ViT),where the feature vector is obtained by concatenating features extracted from the custom ViT and Graph Neural Networks.This paper also proposes a model Agnosticmeta Learning(mAmL)based ensemble classifier for accurate classification.The proposedmodel,validated on public datasets for wheat disease pathogen classification,achieved a test accuracy of 99.20%and an F1-score of 97.95%.Compared with existing state-of-the-art methods,this proposed model outperforms in terms of accuracy,F1-score,and the number of disease pathogens detection.In future,more diseases can be included for detection along with some other modalities like pests and weed.

关键词： Wheat disease detection deep learning vision transformer graph neural network model agnostic meta learning

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Parallel Technologies with Image Processing Using Inverse Filter

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第1期12卷 110-119页

作者： Rahaf alsharhan Areej muheef Yasmin al Ibrahim Afnan Rayyani yasir alguwaifli College of Computer Science and Information Technology (CCSIT) Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU) Dammam Saudi Arabia

Real-time capabilities and computational efficiency are provided by parallel image processing utilizing OpenmP. However, race conditions can affect the accuracy and reliability of the outcomes. This paper highlights the importance of addressing race conditions in parallel image processing, specifically focusing on color inverse filtering using OpenmP. We considered three solutions to solve race conditions, each with distinct characteristics: #pragma omp atomic: Protects individual memory operations for fine-grained control. #pragma omp critical: Protects entire code blocks for exclusive access. #pragma omp parallel sections reduction: Employs a reduction clause for safe aggregation of values across threads. Our findings show that the produced images were unaffected by race condition. However, it becomes evident that solving the race conditions in the code makes it significantly faster, especially when it is executed on multiple cores.

关键词： Parallel Parallelization Image Processing Inverse Filtering OpenmP Race Conditions

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Advances in Zika virus vaccines and therapeutics:A systematic review

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2024年第3期17卷 97-109页

作者： Shiza malik Khalid muhammad Omar Ahsan muhammad Tahir Khan Ranjit Sah yasir Waheed Bridging Health Foundation Rawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Biology College of SciencesUAE University15551Al AinUnited Arab Emirates Department of medicine Foundation University Medical CollegeFoundation University IslamabadIslamabad 44000Pakistan INTI International University Persiaran Perdana BBN Putra Nilai71800 NilaiNegeri SembilanMalaysia Institute of molecular Biology and Biotechnology the University of LahoreKM Defence RoadLahore 58810Pakistan Zhongjing Research and Industrialization Institute of Chinese medicine Zhongguancun Scientific ParkNanyang 473006China Department of microbiology Tribhuvan University Teaching HospitalInstitute of MedicineKathmandu 44600Nepal Department of microbiology Dr.D.Y.Patil Medical CollegeHospital and Research CentreDr.D.Y.Patil VidyapeethPune 411018MaharashtraIndia Department of Public Health Dentistry Dr.D.Y.Patil Dental College and HospitalDr.D.Y.Patil VidyapeethPune 411018MaharashtraIndia Gilbert and Rose-marie Chagoury School of medicine Lebanese American UniversityByblos 1401Lebanon

Zika virus(ZIKV)is the causative agent of a viral infection that causes neurological complications in newborns and adults worldwide.Its wide transmission route and alarming spread rates are of great concern to the scientific community.Numerous trials have been conducted to develop treatment options for ZIKV infection.This review highlights the latest developments in the fields of vaccinology and pharmaceuticals developments for ZIKV infection.A systematic and comprehensive approach was used to gather relevant and up-to-date data so that inferences could be made about the gaps in therapeutic development.The results indicate that several therapeutic interventions are being tested against ZIKV infection,such as DNA vaccines,subunit vaccines,live-attenuated vaccines,virus-vector-based vaccines,inactivated vaccines,virus-like particles,and mRNA-based vaccines.In addition,approved anti-ZIKV drugs that can reduce the global burden are discussed.although many vaccine candidates for ZIKV are at different stages of development,none of them have received Food and Drug Authority approval for use up to now.The issue of side effects associated with these drugs in vulnerable newborns and pregnant women is a major obstacle in the therapeutic pathway.

关键词： Zika virus Infection Therapeutics Antiviral agents Vaccines Therapies Treatment Novel therapeutic Clinical management

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