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低碳转型对劳动力就业的影响——基于低碳城市试点政策的准自然实验

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科技和产业 2024年第16期24卷 109-117页

作者：高雅琪李爽西安财经大学统计学院西安710000 西安财经大学数学学院西安710000

围绕双碳目标背景下的低碳城市试点政策,探讨其对劳动力就业的影响。采用2001—2021年中国283个地级市的数据,运用倾向性得分匹配法和渐进双重差分法,分析低碳转型对劳动就业的综合影响。结果显示,低碳转型对第一产业就业没有显著影响,... 详细信息

围绕双碳目标背景下的低碳城市试点政策,探讨其对劳动力就业的影响。采用2001—2021年中国283个地级市的数据,运用倾向性得分匹配法和渐进双重差分法,分析低碳转型对劳动就业的综合影响。结果显示,低碳转型对第一产业就业没有显著影响,但显著提升了总就业和第二、三产业的就业。此外,还发现中国经济与环境的关系处于环境库兹涅茨曲线的前半部分,且存在较高的碳排放-就业弹性。这表明低碳转型既带来就业机会,也带来劳动力市场的挑战。因此,提出应积极推动产业转型升级,强化技术创新和应用,平衡经济发展与环境保护,以及加强劳动力市场的适应性和保护机制。

关键词：低碳转型劳动力就业产业转型

TPTVer： A Trusted Third Party Based Trusted Verifier for Multi-Layered Outsourced Big Data System in Cloud Environment

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China Communications 2018年第2期15卷 122-137页

作者： Jing Zhan Xudong Fan Lei Cai yaqi gao Junxi Zhuang College of Computer Science Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing China Beijing Key Laboratory of Trusted Computing Beijing China National Engineering Laboratory for Critical Technologies of Information Security Classified Protection Beijing China

Cloud computing is very useful for big data owner who doesn't want to manage IT infrastructure and big data technique details. However, it is hard for big data owner to trust multi-layer outsourced big data system in cloud environment and to verify which outsourced service leads to the problem. Similarly, the cloud service provider cannot simply trust the data computation applications. At last,the verification data itself may also leak the sensitive information from the cloud service provider and data owner. We propose a new three-level definition of the verification, threat model, corresponding trusted policies based on different roles for outsourced big data system in cloud. We also provide two policy enforcement methods for building trusted data computation environment by measuring both the Map Reduce application and its behaviors based on trusted computing and aspect-oriented programming. To prevent sensitive information leakage from verification process,we provide a privacy-preserved verification method. Finally, we implement the TPTVer, a Trusted third Party based Trusted Verifier as a proof of concept system. Our evaluation and analysis show that TPTVer can provide trusted verification for multi-layered outsourced big data system in the cloud with low overhead.

关键词： big data security outsourced ser-vice security MapReduce behavior trustedverification trusted third party

基于网络药理学及分子对接技术探究冬虫夏草干预慢性阻塞性肺疾病作用机制

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现代药物与临床 2024年第6期39卷 1398-1408页

作者：刘盈盈高雅琪豆改杰魏立新周文斌中国科学院西北高原生物研究所、中国科学院藏药研究重点实验室青海西宁810001 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所、青海省藏药药理学与安全性评价研究重点实验室青海西宁8810001 中国科学院大学北京100049 青海大学藏医学院青海西宁810016 藏药新药开发国家重点实验室青海西宁810016

目的运用网络药理学和分子对接技术探讨冬虫夏草干预慢性阻塞性肺疾病的物质基础及作用机制。方法通过TCMSP等数据库筛选冬虫夏草活性成分并预测其作用靶点。采用GeneCards、OMIM数据库筛选慢性阻塞性肺疾病靶点,合并后去重,与活性成... 详细信息

目的运用网络药理学和分子对接技术探讨冬虫夏草干预慢性阻塞性肺疾病的物质基础及作用机制。方法通过TCMSP等数据库筛选冬虫夏草活性成分并预测其作用靶点。采用GeneCards、OMIM数据库筛选慢性阻塞性肺疾病靶点,合并后去重,与活性成分靶点取交集。运用String数据库构建交集靶点的蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络图,利用Cytoscape 3.8.2软件进行拓扑分析和可视化处理。采用Metascape数据库对核心靶点进行基因本体(GO)功能富集分析和与京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析。运用SwissDock、Pymol软件进行分子对接验证。结果筛选得到冬虫夏草14个主要活性成分,包括花生四烯酸、啤酒甾醇、β-谷甾醇、麦角醇、黄豆黄素、棕榈酸胆固醇酯、胆固醇、乙酸亚油酯、豆甾醇、过氧麦角甾醇、菜油甾醇、腺苷、D-甘露醇和麦角甾醇。冬虫夏草活性成分与慢性阻塞性肺疾病相关的交集靶点有91个,核心靶点为肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)、肿瘤蛋白p53(TP53)、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3(CASP3)、表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)、基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP9)、非受体蛋白酪氨酸激酶(SRC)等。GO和KEGG分析结果显示,冬虫夏草干预慢性阻塞性肺疾病的作用机制主要涉及癌症通路、癌症相关蛋白聚糖、脂质和动脉粥样硬化通路、Ca2+信号通路、VEGF信号通路、TRP通道的炎症介质调节通路等。分子对接结果显示,冬虫夏草活性成分啤酒甾醇与核心靶点MMP9具有较高亲和力。结论本研究发现冬虫夏草可能通过其有效成分花生四烯酸、啤酒甾醇、β-谷甾醇、棕榈酸胆固醇酯、乙酸亚油酯、腺苷、麦角甾醇等作用于TNF、TP53、CASP3、EGFR、MMP9、SRC等慢性阻塞性肺疾病相关靶点,通过调控癌症通路、癌症相关蛋白聚糖等发挥干预慢性阻塞性肺疾病的作用。

关键词：冬虫夏草慢性阻塞性肺疾病网络药理学分子对接花生四烯酸啤酒甾醇 β-谷甾醇麦角醇

Ir0/graphdiyne atomic interface for selective epoxidation

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National Science Review 2023年第8期10卷 173-179页

作者： Zhiqiang Zheng Lu Qi yaqi gao Xiaoyu Luan Yurui Xue Feng He Yuliang Li Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShandong University CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The development of catalysts that can selectively and efficiently promote the alkene epoxidation at ambient temperatures and pressures is an important promising path to renewable synthesis of various chemical products. Here we report a new type of zerovalent atom catalysts comprised of zerovalent Ir atoms highly dispersed and anchored on graphdiyne(Ir0/GDY) wherein the Ir0is stabilized by the incomplete charge transfer effect and the confined effect of GDY natural cavity. The Ir0/GDY can selectively and efficiently produce styrene oxides(SO) by electro-oxidizing styrene(ST) in aqueous solutions at ambient temperatures and pressures with high conversion efficiency of ～100%, high SO selectivity of 85.5%, and high Faradaic efficiency(FE) of 55%. Experimental and density functional theory(DFT) calculation results show that the intrinsic activity and stability due to the incomplete charge transfer between Ir0and GDY effectively promoted the electron exchange between the catalyst and reactant molecule, and realized the selective epoxidation of ST to SO. Studies of the reaction mechanism demonstrate that Ir0/GDY proceeds a distinctive pathway for highly selective and active alkene-to-epoxide conversion from the traditional processes. This work presents a new example of constructing zerovalent metal atoms within the GDY matrix toward selective electrocatalytic epoxidation.

关键词： graphdiyne atom catalyst atomic interface selective epoxidation high-performance

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土壤盐渍化修复技术研究进展

黑龙江农业科学 2024年第1期 99-107页

作者：刘庚炜高雅琪邵泽璇戴长雷黑龙江大学水利电力学院/黑龙江大学寒区地下水研究所/黑龙江省寒区水文与水利工程联合实验室(国际合作) 黑龙江哈尔滨150080

土壤盐渍化不但会阻碍植物根系对水分的吸收,而且严重影响植物生长发育和产量,还会导致土壤的理化性质变差。对土壤盐渍化进行有效治理及开发利用有助于提高耕后备耕地的储备量等。通过梳理近年来国内外土壤盐渍化修复技术相关研究进展... 详细信息

土壤盐渍化不但会阻碍植物根系对水分的吸收,而且严重影响植物生长发育和产量,还会导致土壤的理化性质变差。对土壤盐渍化进行有效治理及开发利用有助于提高耕后备耕地的储备量等。通过梳理近年来国内外土壤盐渍化修复技术相关研究进展,总结现有盐渍土改良技术的研究成果,并得出(1)农艺措施改良盐渍土主要研究方向是优化灌溉模式与完善灌溉技术,阻止地下水位升高,减少土壤返盐;(2)水利工程改良技术目前研究比较成熟,其主要研究方向是通过完善排水设施来降低地下水位,进而减少土壤中盐分含量,改良盐渍土;(3)物理改良技术目前研究比较成熟,研究方向是改善土壤结构、打破犁地层、提高土壤的持水性能,进而降低土壤中的含盐量;(4)化学改良技术目前主要的研究方向是将化学物质直接或间接施入盐渍土中,并测定其对于土壤理化性质的影响;(5)目前生物改良主要的研究方向是选择、培育和种植耐盐碱作物以及筛选耐盐碱促生菌,运用耐盐碱植物与耐盐碱促生菌相配合的方式改良盐渍土。目前对于盐渍土多选择两种或多种技术结合的方法进行改良,改良技术的选择还需要依据盐渍区的具体情况而综合选定。

关键词：盐渍化改良技术进展土壤改良剂耐盐碱作物

汉江流域2021年伏秋连汛降水季内差异特征及成因分析

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干旱气象 2024年第4期42卷 563-575页

作者：肖莺高雅琦杜良敏任永建武汉区域气候中心湖北武汉430074 湖北省烟草气象研究重点实验室湖北武汉430205 三峡国家气候观象台湖北宜昌443002 中国气象局流域强降水重点开放实验室湖北武汉430205 湖北省气象服务中心湖北武汉430205

汉江流域是中国重要的调水水源区,研究其降水特征对防涝抗旱具有重要意义。基于汉江流域62个国家气象站降水资料及美国国家环境预报中心/国家大气研究中心(National Center for Envi⁃ronmental Prediction/National Center for Atmosphe... 详细信息

汉江流域是中国重要的调水水源区,研究其降水特征对防涝抗旱具有重要意义。基于汉江流域62个国家气象站降水资料及美国国家环境预报中心/国家大气研究中心(National Center for Envi⁃ronmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research,NCEP/NCAR)再分析资料,通过百分位数、相关分析和T-N波作用通量,探讨了2021年伏秋(8—10月)连汛期间汉江降水的季内差异特征及其与大气环流和海温的关系。结果表明:2021年伏秋期间,汉江上游流域出现破纪录降水,极端性强、总量大。降水在伏夏和秋季两个时段均偏多,但秋季的多雨区位置更偏北。伏夏期间,北大西洋经西伯利亚向东频散的Rossby波使得欧亚上空维持“两槽两脊”,冷空气较强,同时西太平洋副热带高压(简称“副高”)强势西伸,通过西南和偏东两支通道向北输送暖湿水汽;冷暖空气在高空急流南侧对峙并辐合上升,导致降水异常偏多。秋季,北太平洋频散的Rossby波使得欧亚上空维持“两槽一脊”,冷空气较弱;副高断裂导致水汽通道偏南,高空急流北抬使冷暖空气辐合上升位置偏北,造成雨区偏北。2021年汉江流域伏夏降水异常受热带东大西洋海温正异常影响,秋季受赤道中太平洋冷海温影响。

关键词：伏秋连汛季内差异 T-N波作用通量热带海温

Diurnal and Seasonal Variations of Thermal Stratification and Vertical Mixing in a Shallow Fresh Water Lake

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2018年第2期32卷 219-232页

作者： Yichen YANG Yongwei WANG Zhen ZHANG Wei WANG Xia REN yaqi gao Shoudong LIU Xuhui LEE Yale–NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology School of Atmospheric Physics Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology School of Applied Meteorology Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology School of Forestry and Environmental Studies Yale University

Among several influential factors, the geographical position and depth of a lake determine its thermal structure. In temperate zones, shallow lakes show significant differences in thermal stratification compared to deep lakes. Here,the variation in thermal stratification in Lake Taihu, a shallow fresh water lake, is studied systematically. Lake Taihu is a warm polymictic lake whose thermal stratification varies in short cycles of one day to a few days. The thermal stratification in Lake Taihu has shallow depths in the upper region and a large amplitude in the temperature gradient,the maximum of which exceeds 5°C m–1. The water temperature in the entire layer changes in a relatively consistent manner. Therefore, compared to a deep lake at similar latitude, the thermal stratification in Lake Taihu exhibits small seasonal differences, but the wide variation in the short term becomes important. Shallow polymictic lakes share the characteristic of diurnal mixing. Prominent differences on the duration and frequency of long-lasting thermal stratification are found in these lakes, which may result from the differences of local climate, lake depth, and fetch. A prominent response of thermal stratification to weather conditions is found, being controlled by the stratifying effect of solar radiation and the mixing effect of wind disturbance. Other than the diurnal stratification and convection, the representative responses of thermal stratification to these two factors with contrary effects are also discussed. When solar radiation increases, stronger wind is required to prevent the lake from becoming stratified. A daily average wind speed greater than 6 m s–1 can maintain the mixed state in Lake Taihu. Moreover, wind-induced convection is detected during thermal stratification. Due to lack of solar radiation, convection occurs more easily in nighttime than in daytime. Convection occurs frequently in fall and winter, whereas long-lasting and stable stratification causes less co

关键词： Lake Taihu thermal stratification solar radiation wind speed convection

Graphene-driving strain engineering to enable strain-free epitaxy of AlN film for deep ultraviolet light-emitting diode

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第5期11卷 808-819页

作者： Hongliang Chang Zhetong Liu Shenyuan Yang yaqi gao Jingyuan Shan Bingyao Liu Jingyu Sun Zhaolong Chen Jianchang Yan Zhiqiang Liu Junxi Wang Peng gao Jinmin Li Zhongfan Liu Tongbo Wei Research and Development Center for Semiconductor Lighting Technology Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of Sciences100083 BeijingChina Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences100049 BeijingChina Center for Nanochemistry(CNC) Beijing Science and Engineering Center for NanocarbonsBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University100871 BeijingChina Electron Microscopy Laboratory and International Center for Quantum MaterialsSchool of PhysicsPeking University100871 BeijingChina Beijing graphene institute(BGI) 100095 BeijingChina Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced MaterialsPeking University100871 BeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of Sciences100083 BeijingChina

The energy-efficient deep ultraviolet(DUV)optoelectronic devices suffer from critical issues associated with the poor quality and large strain of nitride material system caused by the inherent mismatch of *** this work,we have prepared the strain-free AlN film with low dislocation density(DD)by graphene(Gr)-driving strain-pre-store engineering and a unique mechanism of strain-relaxation in quasi-van der Waals(QvdW)epitaxy is *** DD in AlN epilayer with Gr exhibits an anomalous sawtooth-like evolution during the whole epitaxy *** can help to enable the annihilation of the dislocations originated from the interface between AlN and Gr/sapphire by impelling a lateral two-dimensional growth ***,it can induce AlN epilayer to pre-store sufficient tensile strain during the early growth stage and thus compensate the compressive strain caused by ***,the low-strain state of the DUV light-emitting diode(DUV-LED)epitaxial structure is realized on the strain-free AlN template with ***,the DUV-LED with Gr demonstrate 2.1 times enhancement of light output power and a better stability of luminous wavelength compared to that on bare *** in-depth understanding of this work reveals diverse beneficial impacts of Gr on nitride growth and provides a novel strategy of relaxing the vital requirements of hetero-mismatch in conventional heteroepitaxy.

关键词： sapphire diode strain

摩擦生热对断层演化过程的影响:Ruina-和Chester-Higgs-模型的对比分析

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地球物理学报 2020年第6期63卷 2297-2310页

作者：高雅琪史保平地球与行星科学学院中国科学院大学北京100049

利用速率-状态摩擦定律(Rate-and State-Dependent Friction Law:简称RSF定律),结合McKenzie-Brune摩擦生热模型,本文分别从Ruina提出的RSF定律和Chester-Higgs提出的RSF定律出发,通过一维弹簧-滑块模型,采用四阶变步长的Dormand-Prince算法,对断层演化过程进行了数值模拟,探讨了摩擦生热对断层演化进程的影响.模拟结果显示,与Ruina-模型相比,Chester-Higgs-模型在断层高速滑动时存有更大的摩擦强度,表明摩擦生热对断层具有一定的强化作用,且同临界滑移距离的取值相关.而且,Chester-Higgs-模型在失稳时的断层面温度远远低于Ruina-模型,表明摩擦生热在断层演化过程中能抑制断层面温度的剧烈升高,且正应力和临界滑移距离越大,两种模型的温差越为明显,而断层的刚度和尺度则对温度的影响很小.模拟两种模型周期演化过程的结果表明,在相同的初始条件下,Chester-Higgs-模型给出的断层失稳周期明显比Ruina-模型更短,说明摩擦生热对断层自身演化最显著的影响是较大地缩短了地震重复发生周期.当断层进入周期性演化后,Chester-Higgs-模型给出的摩擦强度大于Ruina-模型,且对第一次非周期性失稳的摩擦强度和剩余应力的继承性更好.另外,由ChesterHiggs-模型给出的静态应力降远小于Ruina-模型给出的结果,所对应的单个事件的滑移量也小于Ruina-模型.

关键词： Ruina-模型 Chester-Higgs-模型 McKenzie-Brune摩擦生热模型一维弹簧-滑块模型摩擦生热速率和状态相依赖的摩擦