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Sounding the alarm:Functionally referential signaling in Azure-winged Magpie

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Avian Research 2024年第1期15卷 35-41页

作者： Xingyi Jiang yanyun Zhang Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Ecological Engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Functionally referential signals are a complex form of communication that conveys information about the external environment.Such signals have been found in a range of mammal and bird species and have helped us understand the complexities of animal communication.Corvids are well known for their extraordinary cognitive abilities,but relatively little attention has been paid to their vocal function.Here,we investigated the functionally referential signals of a cooperatively breeding corvid species,Azure-winged Magpie(Cyanopica cyanus).Through field observations,we suggest that Azure-winged Magpie uses referential alarm calls to distinguish two types of threats:’rasp’ calls for terrestrial threats and ’chatter’ calls for aerial threats.A playback experiment revealed that Azure-winged Magpies responded to the two call types with qualitatively different behaviors.They sought cover by flying into the bushes in response to the ’chatter’ calls,and flew to or stayed at higher positions in response to ’rasp’ calls,displaying a shorter response time to ’chatter’ calls.Significant differences in acoustic structure were found between the two types of calls.Given the extensive cognitive abilities of corvids and the fact that referential signals were once thought to be unique to primates,these findings are important for expanding our understanding of social communication and language evolution.

关键词： Alarm call Animal communication Azure-winged Magpie Referential signal

Characteristics and Genesis of Acid Drainage Contamination from a Rock Tunneling Project Site

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 190-200页

作者： yanyun Li Zejiao Luo Shihua Qi Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Basin Environmental Aquatic Science School of Environmental StudiesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China

While acid mine drainage(AMD)issues have become a topic of global concern,few studies have focused on acid drainage problems of non-mining activities.We conducted field research and a series of laboratory experiments to investigate the characteristics,release processes and formation of acid drainage contamination.Spoil rock samples and adjacent surface water,groundwater,soil and sediment samples were collected at a railway tunnel construction site in central China,and various parameters,such as the p H,mineral ion concentrations,and heavy metal concentrations,were measured.Based on the measured concentrations,surface water and sediments were seriously contaminated by acids,sulfate salts and heavy metals.Contamination in surface water showed a decreasing tendency as the distance from the spoils increased,while that in sediments showed a greater influence of coprecipitation and adsorption processes of heavy metal ions.The eluviation experiments of three rock samples indicated that R2(silty fine sandstone)was the most likely major acid drainage contributor.Thiobacillus ferrooxidans was cultured and isolated from contaminated water to study the oxidation conditions during the release processes.The significant release of acid drainage when air and bacteria were both in the culture container suggested that oxygen and bacteria were necessary to produce acid drainage from spoils.

关键词： acid mine drainage heavy metals leaching oxidation

Optimization of fertilizer performances in long-term garlic cropping soils

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 577-589页

作者： Tianqi WEI Hongmei ZHOU Huayang HONG yanyun REN Qin LIU Yanhua SU Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008(China) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049(China) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences NanjingNanjing 211135(China) Jining Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jining 272100(China) College of Forestry Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037(China)

Continuous cropping is a common pattern of modern agriculture that takes regional advantages for crop yield profits.Along the progress of mono-cropping continuously supported by intensive fertilizer inputs,such a cropping pattern often undergoes serious problems with low fertilizer use efficiencies and unsustainable crop production.In this study,we dealt with a>25-year continuous garlic cropping system as an example for a problem-solving investigation.These garlic cropping soils underwent problems characterized by loss of soil organic matter,dramatic retention of NH_(4)^(+)-N,and excess accumulation of phosphate and potash chemicals.Through hydroponic simulations,we revealed that the presence of NH_(4)^(+)-N inhibited the root uptake of NO_(3)^(-)-N and K by 68% and 88%,respectively.Despite the traditionally emphasized importance of K,we observed the negative effect of high K on the growth of garlic roots.Further field experiments demonstrated that P and K applications can be reduced by 60% and 50%,respectively,without loss of yield.We thus developed a high-performance fertilization strategy by integrating a recomposed NPK fertilizer formulation to reduce unnecessary P and K inputs,a supplementary application of long-lasting C of woody peat to compensate for the soil C loss,and a foliar K approach to strengthen the stomatal function improvement with K.This strategy allowed a 15% increase of garlic yield and a seasonal soil C profit of ca.1.8 Mg ha^(-1)even at ca.30% lower fertilizer cost.This study would be helpful in managing garlic fertilization and developing compound fertilizers,with broader significance for other long-term cropping soils.

关键词： fertilization strategy fertilizer input field validation hydroponic simulation optimized fertilization soil nutrient balance yield profit

Magnetoresponsive nanozyme:magnetic stimulation on the nanozyme activity of iron oxide nanoparticles

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2022年第1期65卷 184-192页

作者： Yuan He Xiaoyong Chen Ye Zhang yanyun wang Mengyao Cui Galong Li Xiaoli Liu Haiming Fan Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest UniversityXi’an 710127China Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of Education/School of MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an 710069China

The iron oxide nanoparticles(IONPs)that combine the nanozyme activity and magnetothermal properties have attracted significant interest for various biomedical applications.However,the effect of magnetic stimulation in fine-tuning the nanozyme activities remains unclear.Here,we have constructed a series of IONPs with different magneto-thermal conversion abilities,and systematically study the effect of magnetic field stimulation on the peroxidase(POD)activity of IONPs.The results show that POD activity is effectively amplified via an in situ alternating magnetic field(AMF)stimulation with no solution temperature rise,and the degree of activity enhancement is closely related to the magnetic heating ability of the IONPs,confirming the origin of activity enhancement arises from the local magnetothermal effect.As the first report to prove magnetothermal regulation on nanozyme activity and to shed lights on the underlying correlation between activity enhancement and the intrinsic specific absorption rate(SAR),this work is expected to provide important support for future design of new magnetoresponsive nanozymes in various practical applications.

关键词： magnetoresponsive nanozyme magnetic stimulation specific absorption rate activity regulation

Yields,growth and water use under chemical topping in relations to row configuration and plant density in drip-irrigated cotton

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第2期7卷 123-136页

作者： wang Xuejiao Hu Yanping Ji Chunrong Chen Yongfan Sun Shuai Zhang Zeshan Zhang Yutong wang Sen Yang Mingfeng Ji Fen Guo yanyun Li Jie Zhang Lizhen Xinjiang Agriculture Network Information Center Xinjiang Agrometeorological ObservatoryUrumqi 830002China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830091China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China China Meteorological Administration Institute of Desert MeteorologyUrumqi 830002China Wulanwusu Agrometeorological Station Shihezi 832199China Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences China National Cotton R&D CenterUrumqi 830091China

Background Water deficit is an important problem in agricultural production in arid regions.With the advent of wholly mechanized technology for cotton planting in Xinjiang,it is important to determine which planting mode could achieve high yield,fiber quality and water use efficiency(WUE).This study aimed to explore if chemical topping affected cotton yield,quality and water use in relation to row configuration and plant densities.Results Experiments were carried out in Xinjiang China,in 2020 and 2021 with two topping method,manual topping and chemical topping,two plant densities,low and high,and two row configurations,i.e.,76 cm equal rows and 10+66 cm narrow-wide rows,which were commonly applied in matching harvest machine.Chemical topping increased seed cotton yield,but did not affect cotton fiber quality comparing to traditional manual topping.Under equal row spacing,the WUE in higher density was 62.4%higher than in the lower one.However,under narrow-wide row spacing,the WUE in lower density was 53.3%higher than in higher one(farmers’practice).For machine-harvest cotton in Xinjiang,the optimal row configuration and plant density for chemical topping was narrow-wide rows with 15 plants m-2 or equal rows with 18 plants m-2.Conclusion The plant density recommended in narrow-wide rows was less than farmers’practice and the density in equal rows was moderate with local practice.Our results provide new knowledge on optimizing agronomic managements of machine-harvested cotton for both high yield and water efficient.

关键词： Yield components Fiber quality Transpiration Water use efficiency Heat ratio method(HRM)

Enhancing capacitive deionization performance and cyclic stability of nitrogen-doped activated carbon by the electro-oxidation of anode materials

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第5期69卷 23-33页

作者： Xiaona Liu Baohua Zhao yanyun Hu Luyue Huang Jingxiang Ma Shuqiao Xu Zhonglin Xia Xiaoying Ma Shuangchen Ma School of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003China Huadian Zhengzhou Machinery Design and Research Institute Co. LtdZhengzhou 450002China Huadian Inner Mongolia Energy Co. Ltd.Baotou Power Generation BranchBaotou 014013China

Electrode materials with high desalination capacity and long-term cyclic stability are the focus of capacitive deionization(CDI) community. Understanding the causes of performance decay in traditional carbons is crucial to design a high-performance material. Based on this, here, nitrogen-doped activated carbon(NAC) was prepared by pyrolyzing the blend of activated carbon powder(ACP) and melamine for the positive electrode of asymmetric CDI. By comparing the indicators changes such as conductivity, salt adsorption capacity, pH, and charge efficiency of the symmetrical ACP-ACP device to the asymmetric ACP-NAC device under different CDI cycles, as well as the changes of the electrochemical properties of anode and cathode materials after long-term operation, the reasons for the decline of the stability of the CDI performance were revealed. It was found that the carboxyl functional groups generated by the electro-oxidation of anode carbon materials make the anode zero-charge potential(E_(pzc)) shift positively,which results in the uneven distribution of potential windows of CDI units and affects the adsorption capacity. Furthermore, by understanding the electron density on C atoms surrounding the N atoms, we attribute the increased cyclic stability to the enhanced negativity of the charge of carbon atoms adjacent to quaternary-N and pyridinic-oxide-N.

关键词： Anodic oxidation Capacitive deionization Cyclic stability N-doping

Stability of selenium and its speciation analysis in water using automatic system separation and HR-ICP-MS measurement

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第7期33卷 3444-3450页

作者： Junqiang Yang Yawen Chen Keliang Shi Kesheng Hu Run Li Xiaoqing Gao Qian wang Weibo Zhang Yun Zhou yanyun wang Jiangang He Tonghuan Liu Xiaolin Hou Frontier Science Center for Rare Isotopes Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Fundamental Science Laboratory on Radiochemistry&Radiation ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design Ministry of EducationLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China CNNC Lanzhou Uranium Enrichment Co. Ltd.Lanzhou 730000China Environmental Monitor Center of Gansu Province Lanzhou 730000China

A simple and convenient method has been developed for the pre-concentration and separation of inorganic selenium species from environmental water samples using anion exchange chromatographic column combined with high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(HR-ICP-MS)measurement.^(75)Se(Ⅳ) and ^(75)Se(Ⅵ)were prepared and used as tracers during the experiments.The volatility of selenium during solution evaporation was investigated to establish a reliable water samples pretreatment procedure.The parameters which affect the uptake of Se(Ⅳ)and Se(Ⅵ)on Dowex1×8 resin was optimized and the procedure for Se(Ⅳ)and Se(Ⅵ)separation was proposed.Both Se(Ⅳ)and Se(Ⅵ)are retained on the column in natural or alkaline solution with high distribution coefficient.The successive gradient elution of pre-concentrated species of selenium with HNO_(3)solution allows to differentiate between them.Se(Ⅳ)and Se(Ⅵ)finally were eluted with 0.05 mol/L HNO_(3) and 5.0 mol/L HNO_(3),respectively.The proposed method has been successfully verified using the certified reference materials(CRMs)of real water samples,and spiked recoveries for real samples were 98%-104%with 5%relative standard deviations(RSDs).The developed procedure is proved to be reliable and can be used for the rapid determination of selenium species in environmental water samples.

关键词： Inorganic selenium Speciation Automatic system separation Rapid determination Water sample

Spatiotemporal changes and influencing factors of the intensity of agricultural water footprint in Xinjiang, China

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2023年第3期16卷 262-272页

作者： yanyun wang Aihua Long Xiaoya Deng Abuduaini Abulizi Jie wang Pei Zhang Yang Hai Cai Ren Ji Zhang Yundong Liu Weiming Zhao Postdoctoral Workstation China ReinsuranceBeijing 100032China State Key Laboratory of Water Cycle Simulation and Regulation Department of Water ResourcesChina Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower ResearchBeijing 100038China College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering Shihezi UniversityShihezi832003XinjiangChina Aketao County Water Conservancy Bureau of Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture 845500XinjiangChina Hunan Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Changsha 410001China

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,the largest agricultural high-efficiency water-saving arid area in China,was adopted to explore the coupling relationship between agricultural water consumption and economic benefits,which is of great significance to guiding the efficient utilization and sustainable development of agricultural water resources.This study utilizes an indicator,termed the Agricultural Water Footprint Intensity(short as AWFI,which means the amount of water resource consumed per unit of agricultural GDP),to study the economic benefits of agricultural water in Xinjiang from 1991-2018.In addition,the Theil index,a measure of the imbalance between individuals or regions,was used to study the evolution in the spatial differences in water efficiency,and the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index(LMDI)method was applied to quantify the factors driving the AWFI.The results showed that AWFI in Xinjiang has experienced three stages:obvious decline,stable and slow decline,which decreased from 16114 m^(3)/10^(4) CNY to 2100 m^(3)/10^(4) CNY,decreasing by 86.97%.The Theil index indicated that the spatial evolution of 14 prefectures(cities)resembled an inverted N-shaped Kuznets curve over time.Among the influencing factors,the contributions of water-saving technology and planting structure to the change in the AWFI in Xinjiang,China from 1991 to 2018 were 154.03%and−37.98%,respectively.The total contribution to AWFI of the total population,urbanization rate,and production scale was−16.06%.This study concluded that further improvements in the economic benefits of agricultural water consumption can be obtained by continuing to promote more efficient or“water-conservation”irrigation technologies(engineering aspects),adjusting the planting structure(policy guidance aspects),and intensive management of cultivated land(management aspects).

关键词： agricultural water footprint intensity theil index logarithmic mean divisia index Xinjiang

内镜下全层切除术治疗新辅助治疗后近临床完全缓解局部进展期直肠癌

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中华胃肠外科杂志 2024年第4期27卷 412-415页

作者：杜嫣妘周平红复旦大学附属中山医院内镜中心上海200032

目的探讨内镜下全层切除术在新辅助治疗后近临床完全缓解(near-cCR)直肠癌治疗中的安全性和可行性。方法患者女性,74岁,cT3N0M0期直肠腺癌,患者坚决拒绝行直肠癌根治术,经院内多学科团队讨论后,接受了新辅助放化疗(CapeOx化疗5程,同期放... 详细信息

目的探讨内镜下全层切除术在新辅助治疗后近临床完全缓解(near-cCR)直肠癌治疗中的安全性和可行性。方法患者女性,74岁,cT3N0M0期直肠腺癌,患者坚决拒绝行直肠癌根治术,经院内多学科团队讨论后,接受了新辅助放化疗(CapeOx化疗5程,同期放疗25次)。完成新辅助治疗后1个月复查直肠指检、肠镜、盆腔增强磁共振等辅助检查,考虑为near-cCR,患者仍要求行保肛治疗,遂于新辅助治疗结束后5周行直肠内镜下全层切除术(EFTR)。术后予禁食、抗感染、营养支持等对症支持治疗,第6天开放流质饮食,第13天出院。结果病理结果:管状腺瘤伴低级别上皮内瘤变,切缘及基底均阴性。术后1年随访期间未见局部再生或远处转移征象,肛门功能满意。结论新辅助治疗后near-cCR的直肠癌患者,经充分评估后行EFTR安全可行。

关键词：直肠肿瘤,局部进展期器官保留内镜下全层切除术新辅助放化疗近临床完全缓解