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重构职务专利归属制度

科技管理研究 2013年第17期33卷 159-162页

作者：杨博闻邱敏武汉大学法学院湖北武汉430072 华中科技大学管理学院湖北武汉430074

职务专利的归属立法关乎劳动者创造性的激励,对于我国实施创新驱动发展战略有着至关重要的作用。根据我国现行《专利法》,单位是职务专利的权利人;虽然该法律同时规定单位应当支付给发明、设计人一定的奖励或报酬,但对奖励和报酬的数额... 详细信息

职务专利的归属立法关乎劳动者创造性的激励,对于我国实施创新驱动发展战略有着至关重要的作用。根据我国现行《专利法》,单位是职务专利的权利人;虽然该法律同时规定单位应当支付给发明、设计人一定的奖励或报酬,但对奖励和报酬的数额规定过低,这显然不利于劳动者创造性的激发。应当改革现有职务专利归属制度,综合平衡发明人利益、单位需求和专利效益最大化,赋予发明人部分专利权的同时,规定单位有发明人服务期间的排他使用权和发明人离职时的强制赎买权;同时,为了防止单位滥用自己作为雇主的优势地位损害发明人正当利益,应该对单位和发明人之间的约定加以限制。

关键词：职务专利奖励自我实现部分所有赎买权

Evolution of the Nervous System Extrapolated from Ctenophore and the Resurrection of Golgi’s Reticular Theory?

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第12期39卷 1895-1897页

作者： Aifen yang Mengsheng qiu Xiaofeng Xu Mengshengqiu mOqiu001@*** XiaofengXu xuxf1988@***

For over a century,the structure and evolution of the nervous system have been at the center of debate among biologists.In the 19th century,Camillo Golgi first proposed that the nervous system is a syncytial continuum,with neurons being directly connected with shared cell membranes and cytoplasm[1].This concept is known as the reticular theory(also referred to as the syncytial theory).However,this view was later challenged by Santiago Ramon y Cajal,who put forward the neuronal doctrine[2].

关键词： Evolution connected debate

Characteristics of ambient volatile organic compounds during spring O_(3) pollution episode in Chengdu,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第4期34卷 115-125页

作者： Dongyang Chen Li Zhou Chen Wang Hefan Liu Yang qiu Guangming Shi Danlin Song Qinwen Tan Fumo yang College of Architecture and Environment Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Chengdu Academy of Environmental Sciences Chengdu 610000China

Surface ozone(O_(3))has become a critical pollutant impeding air quality improvement in many Chinese megacities.Chengdu is a megacity located in Sichuan Basin in southwest China,where O_(3)pollution occurs frequently in both spring and summer.In order to understand the elevated O_(3)during spring in Chengdu,we conducted sampling campaign at three sites during O_(3)pollution episodes in April.Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)compositions at each site were similar,and oxygenated VOCs(OVOCs)concentrations accounted for the highest proportion(35%-45%),followed by alkanes,alkens(including acetylene),halohydrocarbons,and aromatics.The sensitivity of O_(3)to its precursors was analyzed using an observation based box model.The relative incremental reactivity of OVOCs was larger than other precursors,suggesting that they also played the dominant role in O_(3)formation.Furthermore,the positive matrix factorization model was used to identify the dominant emission sources and to evaluate their contribution to VOCs in the city.The main sources of VOCs in spring were from combustion(27.75%),industrial manufacturing(24.17%),vehicle exhaust(20.35%),and solvent utilization(18.35%).Discussions on VOCs and NO_(x)reduction schemes suggested that Chengdu was typical in the VOC-limited regime,and VOC emission reduction would help to prevent and control O_(3).The analysis of emission reduction scenarios based on VOCs sources showed that the emission reduction ratio of VOCs to NO_(2)needs to reach more than 3 in order to achieve O_(3)prevention.Emission reduction from vehicular exhaust source and solvent utilization source may be more effective.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds Ozone sensitivity Observation-based box model Source apportionments Chengdu

MicroRNA-409-5p Inhibits GIST Tumorigenesis and Improves Imatinib Resistance by Targeting KDM4D Expression

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Current Medical Science 2023年第5期43卷 935-946页

作者： Cheng qiu Yong-dong FENG Xi yang GI Cancer Research Institute Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

Objective Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)can rapidly proliferate through angiogenesis.Previous studies indicated the potential influence of microRNA on the progression of tumor immature angiogenesis.This study aimed to explore the specific mechanism by which microRNA-409-5p(miR-409-5p)contributes to GIST.Methods To identify genes potentially involved in the development and progression of GIST,the differences of miR-409-5p between tumors and adjacent tissues were first analyzed.Following this analysis,target genes were predicted.To further investigate the function of miRNA in GIST cells,two GIST cell lines(GIST-T1 and GIST882)were transfected with lentiviruses that stably expressed miR-409-5p and scrambled miRNA(negative control).Later,the cells were subjected to Western blotting and ELSA to determine any differences in angiogenesis-related genes.Results In GISTs,there was a decrease in the expression levels of miR-409-5p compared to the adjacent tissues.It was observed that the upregulation of miR-409-5p in GIST cell lines effectively inhibited the proteins hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 1β(HIF1β)and vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGF-A).Further investigations revealed that miR-409-5p acted as an inhibitor of angiogenesis by binding to the 3′-UTR of Lysine-specific demethylase 4D(KDM4D)mRNA.Moreover,the combination of miR-409-5p with imatinib enhanced its inhibitory effect on angiogenesis.Conclusion This study demonstrated that the miRNA-409-5p/KDM4D/HIF1β/VEGF-A signaling pathway could serve as a novel target for the development of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of imatinib-resistance in GIST patients.

关键词： microRNA-409-5p KDM4D gastrointestinal stromal tumor

Adiponectin and metabolic cardiovascular diseases:Therapeutic opportunities and challenges

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第4期10卷 1525-1536页

作者： Xiaotian Lei Sheng qiu Gangyi yang Qinan Wu Endocrinology Department The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400000China Endocrinology Department The First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical UniversityChongqing 400038China Endocrinology Department Dazu Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityThe People’s Hospital of DazuChongqing 402360China

Metabolic cardiovascular diseases have become a global health concern,and some of their risk factors are linked to several metabolic disorders.They are the leading causes of death in developing countries.Adipose tissues secrete a variety of adipokines that participate in regulating metabolism and various pathophysiological processes.Adiponectin is the most abundant pleiotropic adipokine and can increase insulin sensitivity,improve atherosclerosis,have anti-inflammatory properties,and exert a cardioprotective effect.Low adiponectin con-centrations are correlated with myocardial infarction,coronary atherosclerotic heart disease,hypertrophy,hypertension,and other metabolic cardiovascular dysfunctions.However,the relationship between adiponectin and cardiovascular diseases is complex,and the specific mechanism of action is not fully understood.Our summary and analysis of these issues are ex-pected to contribute to future treatment options.

关键词： Adipokine Adiponectin Inflammation Metabolic cardiovascular disease Obesity

Chalcogen Effect of Atom Substitution on the Properties of Tris(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)methyl(TTM)Radical

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2023年第2期39卷 197-201页

作者： yang Yiming qiu Lili SHI Xueliang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200062P.R.China

Luminescent open-shell organic radicals have recently been regarded as one of the most potential materials in organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs).Herein,we have synthesized two new organic radicals,namely tris{4-[4-(tert-butyl)phenoxy]-2,6-dichlorophenyl}methane radical(TTM-O)and tris(4-{[4-(tert-butyl)-phenyl]thio}-2,6-dichlorophenyl)methane radical(TTM-S),by the substitution of chalcogen atom elements at the para position of conventional tris(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)methyl(TTM)radical moiety.Interestingly,both TTM-O and TTM-S exhibited significantly enhanced photostability compared with the unsubstituted TTM radical parent.Moreover,the chalcogen atom also had a crucial impact on the photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)of the radicals,i.e.,the PLQY of TTM-S was greatly enhanced compared to TTM radical while TTM-O was nearly non-emissive.Particularly,TTM-S showed intense PLQY of 37.54%and 185-fold longer photostability than that in cyclohexane solution of TTM.

关键词： Luminescent organic radical Chalcogen atom effect Photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)

Protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in malignant tumors:molecular mechanisms and future perspective

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第10期7卷 3748-3783页

作者： yang yang Shuo Li Yujiao Wang Yi Zhao qiu Li Cancer Center West China HospitalSichuan UniversityNo.37GuoXue XiangChengduSichuanChina West China Biomedical Big Data Center Sichuan UniversityNo.37GuoXue XiangChengduSichuanChina Second Clinical Medicine College Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina Nephrology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityNo.37GuoXue XiangChengduSichuanChina First Clinical Medicine College Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina

Protein tyrosine kinases(PTKs)are a class of proteins with tyrosine kinase activity that phosphorylate tyrosine residues of critical molecules in signaling pathways.Their basal function is essential for maintaining normal cell growth and differentiation.However,aberrant activation of PTKs caused by various factors can deviate cell function from the expected trajectory to an abnormal growth state,leading to carcinogenesis.Inhibiting the aberrant PTK function could inhibit tumor growth.Therefore,tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs),target-specific inhibitors of PTKs,have been used in treating malignant tumors and play a significant role in targeted therapy of cancer.Currently,drug resistance is the main reason for limiting TKIs efficacy of cancer.The increasing studies indicated that tumor microenvironment,cell death resistance,tumor metabolism,epigenetic modification and abnormal metabolism of TKIs were deeply involved in tumor development and TKI resistance,besides the abnormal activation of PTK-related signaling pathways involved in gene mutations.Accordingly,it is of great significance to study the underlying mechanisms of TKIs resistance and find solutions to reverse TKIs resistance for improving TKIs efficacy of cancer.Herein,we reviewed the drug resistance mechanisms of TKIs and the potential approaches to overcome TKI resistance,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for improving the efficacy of TKIs.

关键词： metabolism malignant resistance

STUB1 regulates antiviral RNAi through inducing ubiquitination and degradation of Dicer and AGO2 in mammals

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Virologica Sinica 2022年第4期37卷 569-580页

作者： Shumin Zhang Xuhua Zhang Yuanyuan Bie Jing Kong An Wang Yang qiu Xi Zhou State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

RNA interference(RNAi)is an intrinsic antiviral immune mechanism conserved in diverse eukaryotic organisms.However,the mechanism by which antiviral RNAi in mammals is regulated is poorly understood.In this study,we uncovered that the E3 ubiquitin ligase STIP1 homology and U-box-containing protein 1(STUB1)was a new regulator of the RNAi machinery in mammals.We found that STUB1 interacted with and ubiquitinated AGO2,and targeted it for degradation in a chaperon-dependent manner.STUB1 promoted the formation of Lys48(K48)-linked polyubiquitin chains on AGO2,and facilitated AGO2 degradation through ubiquitin-proteasome system.In addition to AGO2,STUB1 also induced the protein degradation of AGO1,AGO3 and AGO4.Further investigation revealed that STUB1 also regulated Dicer's ubiquitination via K48-linked polyubiquitin and induced the degradation of Dicer as well as its specialized form,termed antiviral Dicer(avi Dicer)that expresses in mammalian stem cells.Moreover,we found that STUB1 deficiency up-regulated Dicer and AGO2,thereby enhancing the RNAi response and efficiently inhibiting viral replication in mammalian cells.Using the newborn mouse model of Enterovirus A71(EV-A71),we confirmed that STUB1 deficiency enhanced the virus-derived si RNAs production and antiviral RNAi,which elicited a potent antiviral effect against EV-A71 infection in vivo.In summary,our findings uncovered that the E3 ubiquitin ligase STUB1 was a general regulator of the RNAi machinery by targeting Dicer,avi Dicer and AGO1–4.Moreover,STUB1 regulated the RNAi response through mediating the abundance of Dicer and AGO2 during viral infection,thereby providing novel insights into the regulation of antiviral RNAi in mammals.

关键词： Antiviral RNAi STIP1 homology and U-box-containing protein 1(STUB1) Argonaute 2(AGO2) Dicer

Nickel-catalyzed kinetic resolution to achieve P-chiral phosphine oxides and sec-phosphine oxides

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中国科学:化学英文版 2023年第9期66卷 2569-2575页

作者： Xi Zhang Shao-qiu Wang Shang-Dong yang State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China School of Pharmaceutical Science Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhou 310012China State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

P-Chiral phosphines and sec-phosphine oxides(SPO) are found in a diverse range of compounds that play crucial roles in various fields, including asymmetric catalysis, materials, agrochemistry, and pharmaceutical chemistry. Herein, we describe an enantioselective Ni-catalyzed kinetic resolution of racemic sec-phosphine oxides to obtain the corresponding optically pure Pchiral phosphine oxides and sec-phosphine oxides, respectively. These products are versatile chiral phosphine building blocks that can be used to construct an extensive range of P-chiral phosphines.

关键词： P-chiral phosphine oxide kinetic resolution Ni catalysis