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Prognostic value of time-varying dead space estimates in mechanically ventilated patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 187-193页

作者： Lianlian Jiang Hui Chen Jianfeng xie Ling Liu Yi yang Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine Department of Critical Care MedicineZhongda HospitalSchool of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina Department of Critical Care Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina

Background The dead space fraction(VD/VT)has proven to be a powerful predictor of higher mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).However,its measurement relies on expired carbon dioxide,limiting its widespread application in clinical practice.Several estimates employing routine variables have been found to be reliable substitutes for direct measurement of VD/VT.In this study,we evaluated the prognostic value of these dead space estimates obtained in the first 7 days following the initiation of ventilation.Methods This retrospective observational study was conducted using data from the Chinese database in intensive care(CDIC).Eligible participants were adult ARDS patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation while in the intensive care unit between 1st January 2014 and 31st March 2021.We collected data during the first 7 days of ventilation to calculate various dead space estimates,including ventilatory ratio(VR),corrected minute ventilation(V_(Ecorr)),VD/VT(Harris–Benedict),VD/VT(Siddiki estimate),and VD/VT(Penn State estimate)longitudinally.A time-dependent Cox model was used to handle these time-varying estimates.Results A total of 392 patients(median age 66[interquartile range:55–77]years,median SOFA score 9[interquartile range:7–12])were finally included in our analysis,among whom 132(33.7%)patients died within 28 days of admission.VR(hazard ratio[HR]=1.04 per 0.1 increase,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.01 to 1.06;P=0.013),V_(Ecorr)(HR=1.08 per 1 increase,95%CI:1.04 to 1.12;P1.3,V_(Ecorr)>7.53,and VD/VT(Harris–Benedict)>0.59 was independently

关键词： Acute respiratory distress syndr ome Mechanical ventilation Dead space 28-day mortality

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Uncovering the electrooxidation behavior of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural on Ni/Co electrodes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 1-7页

作者： Shilin Fan Bin Zhu Xiao Yu yang Gao Weiping xie Yong yang Jian Zhang Chunlin Chen Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology&Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201ZhejiangChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Biomass,derived from plant photosynthesis that captures carbon dioxide to form carbohydrates,offers vast renewable reserves.The electrooxidation of biomass,coupled with the hydrogen evolution reaction,enables the simultaneous production of biomass-based plastic monomers and green hydrogen,attracting significant scholarly interest.However,ambiguity remains regarding the adsorption mechanism at the catalyst surface(Langmuir-Hinshelwood or Eley-Rideal)and the adsorbed substrate groups.To address this,we prepared a Ni/Co electrode for the electrooxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF)into 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid(FDCA)through a corrosion reaction and electro-reduction pathway.HMF conversion reached 100.00%,FDCA yield reached 96.82%,and Faradic efficiency(FE)reached 92.14%.Meaningfully,utilizing in-situ spectroscopy and electrochemical methods,this work provided valuable insights into active sites and catalyst surface adsorption.

关键词： Electrocatalysis Electrochemistry 2,5-Furandicarboxylicacid 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Biomass

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Contact Stress Reliability Analysis Model for Cylindrical Gear with Circular Arc Tooth Trace Based on an Improved Metamodel

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第7期140卷 593-619页

作者： Qi Zhang Zhixin Chen yang Wu Guoqi Xiang Guang Wen Xuegang Zhang Yongchun xie Guangchun yang School of Intelligent Manufacturing&Automobile Chengdu Industrial Vocational Technical CollegeChengdu610218China School of Intelligent Manufacturing Panzhihua UniversityPanzhihua617000China School of Electrical Engineering Chengdu Industry and Trade CollegeChengdu601165China School of Mechanical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu601165China Chengdu Technological University Chengdu611730China

Although there is currently no unified standard theoretical formula for calculating the contact stress of cylindrical gears with a circular arc tooth trace(referred to as CATT gear),a mathematical model for determining the contact stress of CATT gear is essential for studying how parameters affect its contact stress and building the contact stress limit state equation for contact stress reliability analysis.In this study,a mathematical relationship between design parameters and contact stress is formulated using the KrigingMetamodel.To enhance the model’s accuracy,we propose a new hybrid algorithm that merges the genetic algorithm with the Quantum Particle Swarm optimization algorithm,leveraging the strengths of each.Additionally,the“parental inheritance+self-learning”optimization model is used to fine-tune the KrigingMetamodel’s parameters.Following this,amathematicalmodel for calculating the contact stress of Variable Hyperbolic Circular-Arc-Tooth-Trace(VH-CATT)gears using the optimized Kriging model was developed.We then examined how different gear parameters affect the VH-CATT gears’contact stress.Our simulation results show:(1)Improvements in R2,RMSE,and RMAE.R2 rose from0.9852 to 0.9974(a 1.22%increase),nearing 1,suggesting the optimized Kriging Metamodel’s global error is minimized.Meanwhile,RMSE dropped from3.9210 to 1.6492,a decline of 57.94%.The global error of the GA-IQPSO-Kriging algorithm was also reduced,with RMAE decreasing by 58.69%from 0.1823 to 0.0753,showing the algorithm’s enhanced precision.In a comparison of ten experimental groups selected randomly,the GA-IQPSO-Kriging and FEM-based contact analysis methods were used to measure contact stress.Results revealed a maximum error of 12.11667 MPA,which represents 2.85%of the real value.(2)Several factors,including the pressure angle,tooth width,modulus,and tooth line radius,are inversely related to contact stress.The descending order of their impact on the contact stress is:tooth line radius>modulus>pressure angle>tooth width.(3)Complex interacti

关键词： CATT gear contact stress finite element method metamodel hybrid algorithm influencing factors

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Contributors to tidal duration asymmetry with varied coastline configurations on western shelf of Yellow Sea

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 1-12页

作者： Xi Feng Zheng Li Hui Feng Jia-yan yang Shou-peng xie Wei-bing Fenag College of Harbor Coastal and Offshore Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China China Harbour Engineering Co. LidBeijing 100027China Key Laboratory of Port Waterway and Sedimentation Engineering of the Ministry of CommunicationsNanjing 210029China China South-to-North Water Diversion Corporation Limited Beijing 100036China

Coastal management in China is confronted with an urgent choice between natural restoration and maintenance of existing seawalls and reclaimed land for economic development.A key criterion for making this decision is the resilience to coastal flooding,which depends on the ability to predict tidal level.Tidal duration asymmetry(TDA)is a key parameter in determination of the arrival and duration of flood tides.This study selected the western inner shelf of the Yellow Sea(WYS)as the study area and investigated the responses of TDA to different shoreline configurations and relative sea level rise.The responses of TDA to shoreline reconstruction yielded spatial variability locally and remotely.In the nearshore area,the responses of TDA to the complex ocean environment mainly originated from the combined functions of reflection,bottom friction,and advection,which controlled the energy transfer from M2 or S2 constituents to their overtides or compound tides.The sensitivity of TDA to coastline typologies was not limited to coastal waters but could stretch over the entire inner shelf.The vulnerability of tidal responses was due to the displacement of the M2 amphidrome of the Kelvin wave on the WYS,which in turn changed tidal energy fluxes over the regime.The relative sea level rise could intensify the feedback of TDA to seawalls and land reclamation.

关键词： Tidal duration asymmetry Western inner shelf of Yellow Sea Natural restoration Relative sea level rise Tidal amphidrome

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A deep learning based fine-grained classification algorithm for grading of visual impairment in cataract patients

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Optoelectronics Letters 2024年第1期20卷 48-57页

作者： JIANG Jiewei ZHANG Yi xie He yang Jingshi GONG Jiamin LI Zhongwen School of Electronic Engineering Xi'an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi'an 710121China School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000China Ningbo Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical UniversityNingbo 315000China

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence(AI)have shown promising potential for the automated screening and grading of cataracts.However,the different types of visual impairment caused by cataracts exhibit similar phenotypes,posing significant challenges for accurately assessing the severity of visual impairment.To address this issue,we propose a dense convolution combined with attention mechanism and multi-level classifier(DAMC_Net)for visual impairment grading.First,the double-attention mechanism is utilized to enable the DAMC_Net to focus on lesions-related regions.Then,a hierarchical multi-level classifier is constructed to enhance the recognition ability in distinguishing the severities of visual impairment,while maintaining a better screening rate for normal samples.In addition,a cost-sensitive method is applied to address the problem of higher false-negative rate caused by the imbalanced dataset.Experimental results demonstrated that the DAMC_Net outperformed ResNet50 and dense convolutional network 121(DenseNet121)models,with sensitivity improvements of 6.0%and 3.4%on the category of mild visual impairment caused by cataracts(MVICC),and 2.1%and 4.3%on the category of moderate to severe visual impairment caused by cataracts(MSVICC),respectively.The comparable performance on two external test datasets was achieved,further verifying the effectiveness and generalizability of the DAMC_Net.

关键词： visual classifier algorithm

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The endogenous antioxidant ability of royal jelly in Drosophila is independent of Keap1/Nrf2 by activating oxidoreductase activity

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 503-523页

作者： Dongjing Wen Jiayu xie Yao Yuan Lirong Shen Yufeng yang Wenfeng Chen Institute of Life Sciences College of Biological Science and EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhouChina School of Medicine Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina

Royal jelly(RJ)is a biologically active substance secreted by the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of worker honeybees.It is widely claimed that RJ reduces oxidative stress.However,the antioxidant activity of RJ has mostly been determined by in vitro chemical detection methods or by external administration drugs that cause oxidative stress.Whether RJ can clear the endogenous production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in cells remains largely unknown.Here,we systematically investigated the antioxidant properties of RJ using several endogenous oxidative stress models of Drosophila.We found that RJ enhanced sleep quality of aging Drosophila,which is decreased due to an increase of oxidative damage with age.RJ supplementation improved survival and suppressed ROS levels in gut cells of flies upon exposure to hydrogen peroxide or to the neurotoxic agent paraquat.Moreover,RJ supplementation moderated levels of ROS in endogenous gut cells and extended lifespan after exposure of flies to heat stress.Sleep deprivation leads to accumulation of ROS in the gut cells,and RJ attenuated the consequences of oxidative stress caused by sleep loss and prolonged lifespan.Mechanistically,RJ prevented cell oxidative damage caused by heat stress or sleep deprivation,with the antioxidant activity in vivo independent of Keap1/Nrf2 signaling.RJ supplementation activated oxidoreductase activity in the guts of flies,suggesting its ability to inhibit endogenous oxidative stress and maintain health,possibly in humans.

关键词： antioxidant biological oxidations Drosophila oxidative stress royal jelly sleep loss

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Investigating the causal associations between five anthropometric indicators and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:Mendelian randomization study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第7期12卷 1215-1226页

作者： Xian-Pei Xiao Yong-Jun Dai Yu Zhang Meng yang Jian xie Guo Chen Zheng-Jun yang Department of Oncology Luojiang District People's Hospital of Deyang CityDeyang 618000Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Orthopaedics Luojiang District People's Hospital of Deyang CityDeyang 618000Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Infectious Diseases Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicalChengdu 610500Sichuan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Although the etiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has not been thoroughly understood,the emerging roles of anthropometric indicators in assessing and predicting the risk of NAFLD have been highlighted by accumulating evidence.AIM To evaluate the causal relationships between five anthropometric indicators and NAFLD employing Mendelian randomization(MR)design.METHODS The Anthropometric Consortium provided genetic exposure data for five anthropometric indicators,including hip circumference(HC),waist circumference(WC),waist-to-hip ratio(WHR),body mass index(BMI),and body fat percentage(BF).Genetic outcome data for NAFLD were obtained from the United Kingdom Biobank and FinnGen Consortium.Genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms were chosen as instrumental variables.Univariable MR(UVMR)and multivariable MR(MVMR)designs with analytical approaches,including inverse variance weighted(IVW),MR-Egger,weighted median(WM),and weighted mode methods,were used to assess the causal relationships between anthropometric indicators and NAFLD.RESULTS Causal relationships were revealed by UVMR,indicating that a higher risk of NAFLD was associated with a perunit increase in WC[IVW:odds ratio(OR)=2.67,95%CI:1.42-5.02,P=2.25×10^(−3)],and BF was causally associated with an increased risk of NAFLD(WM:OR=2.23,95%CI:1.07-4.66,P=0.033).The presence of causal effects of WC on the decreased risk of NAFLD was supported by MVMR after adjusting for BMI and smoking.However,no causal association between BF and NAFLD was observed.In addition,other causal relationships of HC,WHR(BMI adjusted),and BMI with the risk of NAFLD were not retained after FDR correction.CONCLUSION This study establishes a causal relationship,indicating that an increase in WC is associated with a higher risk of NAFLD.This demonstrates that a suitable decrease in WC is advantageous for preventing NAFLD.

关键词： Anthropometric indicator Waist circumference Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Mendelian randomization Genetic variant

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Effects of dietary Clostridium butyricum and rumen protected fat on meat quality,oxidative stability,and chemical composition of finishing goats

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 911-924页

作者： Meimei Zhang Zhiyue Zhang Xinlong Zhang Changming Lu Wenzhu yang Xiaolai xie Hangshu Xin Xiaotan Lu Mingbo Ni Xinyue yang Xiaoyang Lv Peixin Jiao College of Animal Science and Technology Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030People’s Republic of China Lethbridge Research and Development Centre Lethbridge T1J 4B1Canada School of Agriculture and Food Sciences The University of QueenslandGattonQLD 4343Australia International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement Yangzhou 225009China

Background Clostridium butyricum(CB)is a probiotic that can regulate intestinal microbial composition and improve meat quality.Rumen protected fat(RPF)has been shown to increase the dietary energy density and provide essential fatty acids.However,it is still unknown whether dietary supplementation with CB and RPF exerts beneficial effects on growth performance and nutritional value of goat meat.This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary CB and RPF supplementation on growth performance,meat quality,oxidative stability,and meat nutritional value of finishing goats.Thirty-two goats(initial body weight,20.5±0.82 kg)were used in a completely randomized block design with a 2 RPF supplementation(0 vs.30 g/d)×2 CB supplementation(0 vs.1.0 g/d)factorial treatment arrangement.The experiment included a 14-d adaptation and 70-d data and sample collection period.The goats were fed a diet consisted of 400 g/kg peanut seedling and 600 g/kg corn-based concentrate(dry matter basis).Result Interaction between CB and RPF was rarely observed on the variables measured,except that shear force was reduced(P<0.05)by adding CB or RPF alone or their combination;the increased intramuscular fat(IMF)content with adding RPF was more pronounced(P<0.05)with CB than without CB addition.The pH24h(P=0.009),a*values(P=0.007),total antioxidant capacity(P=0.050),glutathione peroxidase activities(P=0.006),concentrations of 18:3(P<0.001),20:5(P=0.003)and total polyunsaturated fatty acids(P=0.048)were increased,whereas the L*values(P<0.001),shear force(P=0.050)and malondialdehyde content(P=0.044)were decreased by adding CB.Furthermore,CB supplementation increased essential amino acid(P=0.027),flavor amino acid(P=0.010)and total amino acid contents(P=0.024)as well as upregulated the expression of lipoprotein lipase(P=0.034)and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ(PPARγ)(P=0.012),and downregulated the expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase(SCD)(P=0.034).The RPF supplementation increased dry matter intake(P=0.005),averaged daily gain(tren

关键词： Chemical composition Clostridium butyricum Goats Meat quality Oxidative stability Rumen protected fat

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Nonvolatile and reconfigurable two-terminal electro-optic duplex memristor based on III-nitride semiconductors

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 706-716页

作者： Zhiwei xie Ke Jiang Shanli Zhang Jianwei Ben Mingrui Liu Shunpeng Lv yang Chen Yuping Jia Xiaojuan Sun Dabing Li State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications Changchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDongnanhu Road No.3888Changchun 130033China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesYuquan Road No.19100049 BeijingChina These authors contributed equally:Zhiwei XieKe Jiang

With the fast development of artificial intelligence(AI),Internet of things(IOT),etc,there is an urgent need for the technology that can efficiently recognize,store and process a staggering amount of information.The AlScN material has unique advantages including immense remnant polarization,superior temperature stability and good latticematch to other III-nitrides,making it easy to integrate with the existing advanced III-nitrides material and device technologies.However,due to the large band-gap,strong coercive field,and low photo-generated carrier generation and separation efficiency,it is difficult for AlScN itself to accumulate enough photo-generated carriers at the surface/interface to induce polarization inversion,limiting its application in in-memory sensing and computing.In this work,an electro-optic duplex memristor on a GaN/AlScN hetero-structure based Schottky diode has been realized.This twoterminal memristor shows good electrical and opto-electrical nonvolatility and reconfigurability.For both electrical and opto-electrical modes,the current on/off ratio can reach the magnitude of 104,and the resistance states can be effectively reset,written and long-termly stored.Based on this device,the“IMP”truth table and the logic“False”can be successfully reproduced,indicating the huge potential of the device in the field of in-memory sensing and computing.

关键词： polarization duplex limiting

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Deformable Catalytic Material Derived from Mechanical Flexibility for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第2期16卷 287-311页

作者： Fengshun Wang Lingbin xie Ning Sun Ting Zhi Mengyang Zhang yang Liu Zhongzhong Luo Lanhua Yi Qiang Zhao Longlu Wang College of Electronic and Optical Engineering&College of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts&Telecommunications(NJUPT)9 WenyuanNanjing 210023People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education School of ChemistryXiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays&Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM)&Institute of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology)Nanjing University of Posts&Telecommunications9 WenyuanNanjing 210023People’s Republic of China

Deformable catalytic material with excellent flexible structure is a new type of catalyst that has been applied in various chemical reactions,especially electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).In recent years,deformable catalysts for HER have made great progress and would become a research hotspot.The catalytic activities of deformable catalysts could be adjustable by the strain engineering and surface reconfiguration.The surface curvature of flexible catalytic materials is closely related to the electrocatalytic HER properties.Here,firstly,we systematically summarized self-adaptive catalytic performance of deformable catalysts and various micro–nanostructures evolution in catalytic HER process.Secondly,a series of strategies to design highly active catalysts based on the mechanical flexibility of lowdimensional nanomaterials were summarized.Last but not least,we presented the challenges and prospects of the study of flexible and deformable micro–nanostructures of electrocatalysts,which would further deepen the understanding of catalytic mechanisms of deformable HER catalyst.

关键词： Deformable catalytic material Micro-nanostructures evolution Mechanical flexibility Hydrogen evolution reaction

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