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Aging impairs the osteocytic regulation of collagen integrity and bone quality

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 78-94页

作者： Charles A.Schurman Serra Kaya Neha Dole Nadja M.Maldonado Luna Natalia Castillo Ryan Potter Jacob P.Rose Joanna Bons Christina D.King Jordan B.burton Birgit Schilling Simon Melov Simon Tang Eric Schaible Tamara Alliston Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94143USA UC Berkeley/UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering San FranciscoCA 94143USA Buck Institute for Research on Aging NovatoCA 94945USA Washington University in St Louis Department of OrthopedicsSt.LouisMO 63130USA Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Poor bone quality is a major factor in skeletal fragility in elderly *** molecular mechanisms that establish and maintain bone quality,independent of bone mass,are unknown but are thought to be primarily determined by *** hypothesize that the age-related decline in bone quality results from the suppression of osteocyte perilacunar/canalicular remodeling(PLR),which maintains bone material *** examined bones from young and aged mice with osteocyte-intrinsic repression of TGFβsignaling(TβRII^(ocy−/−))that suppresses *** control aged bone displayed decreased TGFβsignaling and PLR,but aging did not worsen the existing PLR suppression in male TβRII^(ocy−/−)*** relationship impacted the behavior of collagen material at the nanoscale and tissue scale in macromechanical *** effects of age on bone mass,density,and mineral material behavior were independent of osteocytic TGFβ.We determined that the decline in bone quality with age arises from the loss of osteocyte function and the loss of TGFβ-dependent maintenance of collagen integrity.

关键词： maintain primarily integrity

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华尔街“赌徒” 比尔·黄被判有罪

商业周刊（中文版） 2024年第11期 22-23页

作者： Sridhar Natarajan Ava Benny-Morrison Katherine burton 王非(译) 不详

这位在一周内赔掉360亿美元的著名金融家现在或面临牢狱之灾。比尔·黄(Bill Hwang)说,那来自他的一个梦。在梦里,基督的鲜血冲刷着纽约,洗涤着这座大都市的罪恶。比尔·黄被这个意象深深打动,于是委托一位著名艺术家把他的梦境呈现出来。

关键词：牢狱之灾华尔街大都市金融家赌徒

A novel prognostic prediction tool for postoperative recurrence in patients with stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ colon cancer

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Cancer Communications 2019年第1期39卷 466-468页

作者： Jian Ma burton B.yang Department of Urology Yantai Yuhuangding HospitalAffiliated with Qingdao University Medical CollegeYantai 264000ShandongP.R.China Sun-nybrook Research Institute TorontoON M4N 3M5Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of TorontoTorontoON M4N 3M5Canada

Main text Colon cancer,one of the most common cancers in the world[1]and China[2,3],is typically diagnosed in its advanced ***,only a mediocre 20%-30%of these patients can have curative resection,but still,they are at high risk of recurrent disease[4].Given that recur-rent disease is especially associated with poor outcomes,optimizing the therapeutic strategy is ***-vant chemotherapy,a standard treatment for stage II/III colon cancer,is often accompanied by a significant increase in survival[5,6].Thus,timely adjuvant therapy is primordial for reducing postoperative recurrence *** assess the risk of postoperative recurrence,biomark-ers of greater prognostic essence than traditional clin-icopathology are urgently *** emerging role of circular RNAs(circRNAs),a newly discovered type of regulatory RNAs,has shed light on whether these mol-ecules can serve as biomarkers for predicting the post-operative recurrence of colon *** are characterized by a covalently closed loop that is capa-ble of regulating gene expression at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional levels[7].They can also bind to proteins and thereby regulate the intracellular signaling pathways[8,9].Recent reports have described the roles of circRNAs in the initiation and progression of cancer[10-12],and increasing evidence have demonstrated that circRNAs may serve as molecular biomarkers to facili-tate diagnostic and prognostic evaluations[13].However,the potential of circRNAs for diagnosing and prognosing colon cancer is less clear.

关键词： colon postoperative patients

Targeting circular RNAs as a therapeutic approach: current strategies and challenges

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第6期6卷 1718-1731页

作者： Alina T.He Jinglei Liu Feiya Li burton B.yang Sunnybrook Research Institute TorontoONCanada Department of Bioinformatics ATCGene IncGuangzhouChina Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Significant progress has been made in circular RNA(circRNA)research in recent *** evidence suggests that circRNAs play important roles in many cellular processes,and their dysregulation is implicated in the pathogenesis of various *** are highly stable and usually expressed in a tissue-or cell type-specific ***,they are currently being explored as potential therapeutic ***-of-function and loss-of-function approaches are typically performed using circRNA expression plasmids and RNA interference-based strategies,*** strategies have limitations that can be mitigated using nanoparticle and exosome delivery ***,recent developments show that the cre-lox system can be used to knockdown circRNAs in a cell-specific *** still in the early stages of development,the CRISPR/Cas13 system has shown promise in knocking down circRNAs with high specificity and *** this review,we describe circRNA properties and functions and highlight their significance in *** summarize strategies that can be used to overexpress or knockdown circRNAs as a therapeutic ***,we discuss major challenges and propose future directions for the development of circRNA-based therapeutics.

关键词： therapeutic specificity circular

Seasonal variance of salinity tolerance of a copepod Drepanopus bispinosus in an Antarctic littoral saline lake (burton Lake)

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1989年第1期8卷 137-144页

作者： D.S.Eslake H.R.burton Antarctic Division HobartAustraliaAntarctic DivisionHobartAustralia

In burton Lake (an Antarctic littoral saline lake), as one of the overwinter species, the female Drepanopus bispinosus reach adult form in autumn. and early *** the subsequent life period of more than eight months, the animals experience such changing environment as increasing salinities from approximately 33 (in May) to 39 (in November). There is a considerable difference of salinity tolerance of female adults between summer and winter *** collected copepods survived lower salinities than summer collected copepods in this experiment. The upward shift in their salinity tolerance range is related to the development of field acclimation to salinity. Respiration rates of the summer animals showed a visible increase over those of winter copepods in simitar salinity and temperature conditions, thus supporting the above conclusion.

关键词： burton Lake Seasonal variance of salinity tolerance of a copepod Drepanopus bispinosus in an Antarctic littoral saline lake

Expert opinion: Experience with 6-mercaptopurine in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第20期19卷 2979-2984页

作者： burton I Korelitz Clinical Research in Gastroenterology Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine Lenox Hill Hospital New York NY 10075 United States

Arbitrarily, modern day treatment of inflammatory bowel disease begins with the introduction of immuno- suppressives for ulcerative colitis. Clinical improvement with sulfasalazine had been meaningful but modest. Treatment with adrenocorticotropic hormone and corti- costeroids led to clinical responses never before realized but it took much too long to recognize that they were not capable of maintaining remission, that adverse reactions were subtle but potentially devastating and that some other agent would be necessary to capitalize on their transient advantage. This of course was true in the treatment of Crohn's disease as well. Not much was ever made of the role of sulfasalazine for Crohn' s disease, but with the severing of the diazobond and the elimination of the sulphur component, the 5-ami- nosalacylic acid (5-ASA) products clearly led to clinical improvement, especially in cases of Crohn's colitis and those with ileitis where the 5-ASA product was released in the terminal ileum and more proximal in the small bowel as well as in ulcerative colitis. The induction of remission was first demonstrated by 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) with case reports and uncontrolled trials in pa- tients with ulcerative colitis, but its placebo controlled trial for Crohn's disease firmly established its role in inducing remission. No subsequent trial has confirmed its similar role for ulcerative colitis, but nevertheless cli- nicians know well that 6-MP works at least as well and probably more effectively for ulcerative colitis than for Crohn's disease. What changes have taken place utiliz- ing 6-MP in the management of inflammatory bowel disease since its introduction in the 1960's and 1970's and its trial for Crohn's disease published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 1980?

关键词： 6-Mercaptopurine Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis

Review of mammalogical research in the Guianas of northern South America

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第2期11卷 151-161页

作者： burton K.LIM Royal Ontario Museum TorontoOntarioCanada

Research on mammals in the Guianas of northern South America has had a checkered *** this review,I summarize the notable contributions to mammalogical study in Guyana,Suriname and French *** studies began in the mid-18th century with the binomial nomenclature system of scientific classification created by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus,who described 23 species new to science based on holotype specimens from the *** popular accounts by amateur naturalists visiting this region,over the next 7 decades there was only sporadic taxonomic work done on Guianan mammals primarily by researchers at European *** first comprehensive biological exploration took place in the 1840s during a geographic survey of the boundaries of British ***,it was not until almost half a century later that scientific publications began to regularly document the increasing species diversity in the region,including the prodigious work of Oldfield Thomas at the British Museum of Natural History in *** lull in the study of mammals occurred in the mid-1910s to the early 1960s after which foreign researchers began to rediscover the Guianas and their pristine *** biological renaissance is still ongoing and I give a prospectus on the direction of future research in one of the last frontiers of tropical *** initiative that would be greatly beneficial is the establishment of a university network in the Guianas with graduate-based research to develop a cadre of professional experts on biodiversity and evolution as seen in other countries of South America.

关键词： French Guiana Guyana history Mammalia Suriname

THE EARLY INFLUENCE OF PETER LAX ON COMPUTATIONAL HYDRODYNAMICS AND AN APPLICATION OF LAX-FRIEDRICHS AND LAX-WENDROFF ON TRIANGULAR GRIDS IN LAGRANGIAN COORDINATES

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2011年第6期31卷 2195-2202页

作者： Richard Liska Mikhail Shashkov burton Wendroff Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Group XCP-4 MS-F644Los Alamos National Laboratry Group T-5 MS-B284Los Alamos National Laboratry

We give a brief discussion of some of the contributions of Peter Lax to Com- putational Fluid Dynamics. These include the Lax-Friedrichs and Lax-Wendroff numerical schemes. We also mention his collaboration in the 1983 HLL Riemann solver. We de- velop two-dimensional Lax-Friedrichs and Lax-Wendroff schemes for the Lagrangian form of the Euler equations on triangular grids. We apply a composite scheme that uses a Lax- Friedrichs time step as a dissipative filter after several Lax-Wendroff time steps. Numerical results for Noh＇s infinite strength shock problem, the Sedov blast wave problem, and the Saltzman piston problem are presented.

关键词： Lax-Friedrichs Lax-Wendroff conservation laws Lagrangian coordinates,triangular grid

Combined extracorporeal shockwave therapy and exercise for the treatment of tendinopathy:A narrative review

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2022年第1期4卷 8-17页

作者： Ian burton NHS Grampian 172 Market StreetAberdeenAB115PPUnited Kingdom

Tendinopathy is a chronic degenerative musculoskeletal disorder that is common in both athletes and the general *** and extracorporeal shockwave therapy(ESWT)is among the most common treatments used to mediate tendon healing and *** review presents the current understanding of mechanisms of action of ESWT and exercise in isolation and briefly synthesises evidence of their effectiveness for various *** central purpose of the review is to synthesize research findings investigating the combination of ESWT and exercise for five common tendinopathies(plantar heel pain,rotator cuff,lateral elbow,Achilles,and patellar tendinopathy)and provide recommendations on clinical ***,the available evidence indicates that ESWT combined with exercise in the form of eccentric training,tissue-specific stretching,or heavy slow resistance training are effective for specific tendinopathies and can therefore be recommended in *** there are at present a limited number of studies investigating combined EWST and exercise approaches,there is evidence to suggest that the combination improves outcomes in the treatment of plantar heel pain,Achilles,lateral elbow,and rotator cuff ***,despite overall positive outcomes in patellar tendinopathy,the combined treatment has not been shown at present to offer additional benefit over eccentric exercise alone.

关键词： Exercise Muscle stretching exercises High-energy shock waves Tendinopathy Resistance training Extracorporeal shockwave therapy