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TREM-2 Drives Development of Multiple Sclerosis by Promoting Pathogenic Th17 Polarization

Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第1期40卷 17-34页

作者： Siying Qu Shengfeng Hu Huiting xu Yongjian Wu Siqi Ming Xiaoxia Zhan Cheng Wang Xi Huang Center for Infection and Immunity and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000China The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyThe Second Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510260China Department of Laboratory Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China Division of Nephrology Department of Medicinethe Fifth Affliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000China

Multiple sclerosis(MS)is a neuroinflammatory demyelinating disease,mediated by pathogenic T helper 17(Th17)cells.However,the therapeutic effect is accompa-nied by the fluctuation of the proportion and function of Th17 cells,which prompted us to find the key regulator of Th17 differentiation in MS.Here,we demonstrated that the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(TREM-2),a modulator of pattern recognition receptors on innate immune cells,was highly expressed on pathogenic CD4-positive T lymphocyte(CD4^(+)T)cells in both patients with MS and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)mouse models.Conditional knockout of Trem-2 in CD4^(+)T cells significantly alleviated the disease activity and reduced Th17 cell infiltration,activation,differentiation,and inflammatory cytokine production and secretion in EAE mice.Furthermore,with Trem-2 knockout in vivo experiments and in vitro inhibitor assays,the TREM-2/zeta-chain associated protein kinase 70(ZAP70)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)signal axis was essential for Th17 activation and differentiation in EAE progression.In conclusion,TREM-2 is a key regulator of pathogenic Th17 in EAE mice,and this sheds new light on the potential of this therapeutic target for MS.

关键词： Multiple sclerosis Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis T helper 17 Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2

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Removal of pathogenic indicator microorganisms during partial nitrification:the role of free nitrous acid

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 93-102页

作者： Jiaojiao xu Xiaotian Chen Rui Tang Jingwei Feng Shoujun Yuan Wei Wang Zhen-Hu Hu Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Rural Water Environment and Resource School of Civil EngineeringHefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Hefei 168 High School Hefei 230025China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power Shanghai University of Electric PowerShanghai 200090China

Digested wastewater contains pathogenic microorganisms and high ammonia concentrations,which can pose a potential risk to public health.Effective removal of pathogens and nitrogen is crucial for the post-treatment of digested wastewater.Partial nitrification-anammox is an energy-saving nitrogen removal process.Free nitrous acid(FNA),an intermediate product of partial nitrification,has the potential to inactivate microorganisms.However,the efficiency and mechanisms of FNA-related inactivation in pathogens during partial nitrification remains unclear.In this study,Enterococcus and Escherichia coli(E.coli)were selected to investigate the efficiency and mechanisms of FNA-related inactivation in partial nitrification process.The results revealed that 83%±13%and 59%±27%of E.coli and Enterococcus were removed,respectively,in partial nitrification process at FNA concentrations of 0.023−0.028 mg/L.When the concentration of FNA increased from 0 to 0.5 mg/L,the inactivation efficiencies of E.coli and Enterococcus increased from 0 to 99.9%and 89.9%,respectively.Enterococcus exhibited a higher resistance to FNA attack compared to E.coli.3D-laser scanning microscopy(3D-LSM)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)revealed that FNA exposure caused the surface collapse of E.coli and Enterococcus,as well as visible pore formation on the surface of E.coli cells.4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride n-hydrate(DAPI)/propidium iodide(PI)and biomolecule leakage confirmed that inactivation of E.coli and Enterococcus occurred due to breakdown of cell walls and cell membranes.These findings indicate that partial nitrification process can be used for the removal of residual pathogenic microorganisms.

关键词： Partial nitrification Free nitrous acid Pathogenic indicator microorganism Inactivation Cell structure

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四足打击平台多工况力学特性及射击扰动

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工程科学学报 2024年第8期46卷 1434-1445页

作者：陆星宇曹岩枫庄圆高云龙康锦煜徐诚南京理工大学机械工程学院南京210094 中国电子科学研究院北京100041

足式打击平台在现代战争中具有巨大的军事潜力和作战效能.为探究发射载荷作用下足式打击平台的力学特性和射击扰动情况,以四足运动平台作为机动平台,在对其火力打击载荷进行结构设计的基础上,构建了平台的刚柔耦合发射动力学模型,并就... 详细信息

足式打击平台在现代战争中具有巨大的军事潜力和作战效能.为探究发射载荷作用下足式打击平台的力学特性和射击扰动情况,以四足运动平台作为机动平台,在对其火力打击载荷进行结构设计的基础上,构建了平台的刚柔耦合发射动力学模型,并就不同射击工况下四足打击平台的发射过程进行了仿真分析,最后对四足打击平台进行了实弹试验验证.结果表明:静载工况下,四足打击平台的关节力矩分布均呈现出不均匀态势,平台载弹量对各关节的力矩分配有着直接影响;动载工况下,发射载荷的作用给关节造成了较大的力矩冲击和振荡,并产生了射击枪口扰动,其中,连发工况由于多发振动的耦合作用,相较单发工况冲击力矩增长了25.8%,平均射击枪口扰动量达到2.15 mm;采用双向阻振缓冲器可有效地抑制打击平台连发射击扰动,平均射击枪口扰动量为1.02 mm;实弹试验表明相较于刚性连接,采用双向阻振缓冲器的四足打击平台其百米半数散布圆半径减小了47.0%.

关键词：足式打击平台动力学仿真刚柔耦合力学特性射击扰动

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Linear paired electrolysis of furfural to furoic acid at both anode and cathode in a multiple redox mediated system

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第1期9卷 104-113页

作者： Xinxin Li Linchuan Cong Haibo Lin Fangbing Liu Xiangxue Fu Hai-Chao xu Nan Lin State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012JilinChina State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005FujianChina

Implementing a new energy-saving electrochemical synthesis system with high commercial value is a strategy of the sustainable development for upgrading the bulk chemicals preparation technology in the future.Here,we report a multiple redox-mediated linear paired electrolysis system,combining the hydrogen peroxide mediated cathode process with the I2 mediated anode process,and realize the conversion of furfural to furoic acid in both side of the dividedﬂow cell simultaneously.By reasonably controlling the cathode potential,the undesired water splitting reaction and furfural reduction side reactions are avoided.Under the galvanostatic electrolysis,the two-mediated electrode processes have good compatibility,which reduce the energy consumption by about 22%while improving the electronic efﬁciency by about 125%.This system provides a green electrochemical synthesis route with commercial prospects.

关键词： Multiple redox mediated system Linear paired electrolysis Furfural Furoic acid

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Improved nuclear mass formula with an additional term from the Fermi gas model

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 131-138页

作者： Xiao-Yu xu Li Deng Ai-Xi Chen Hang Yang Amir Jalili Han-Kui Wang School of Science Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China

Nuclear mass is a fundamental property of nuclear physics and a necessary input in nuclear astrophysics.Owing to the complexity of atomic nuclei and nonperturbative strong interactions,conventional physical models cannot completely describe nuclear binding energies.In this study,the mass formula was improved by considering an additional term from the Fermi gas model.All nuclear masses in the Atomic Mass Evaluation Database were reproduced with a root-mean-square deviation(RMSD)of -1.86 MeV(1.92 MeV).The new mass formula exhibits good performance in the neutron-rich nuclear region.The RMSD decreases to 0.393 MeV when the ratio of the neutron number to the proton number is≥1.6.

关键词： Nuclear mass formula Neutron-rich nuclei Fermi-gas model

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Large-aperture Telescope Tracking Control Based on Time-synchronization Strategy

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期24卷 34-46页

作者： Yun Li Yu Ye Shi-Hai Yang Ling-Zhe xu Jin xu Hai Wang Zhuang-Zhuang Deng Rui-Qiang Liu Xiao-Jie Gu Bo-Zhong Gu Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210042China CAS Key Laboratory of Astronomical Optics&Technology Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&TechnologyNanjing 210042China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

A time-synchronization strategy for packetized transmission of target position about a large-aperture telescope observation control system has been proposed in this study.Compared with the existing telescope tracking strategy,the target position packing and sending strategy based on the time synchronization method proposed in this paper has the advantages of high stability and reliability.First,the telescope tracking observation control method was elaborated in this paper,including the motion pattern during telescope tracking.Then,the strategy for packetizes transmission of target positions based on time-synchronization is established and lists the detailed steps.Finally,the performance of the tracking strategy is verified using the 2.5 m telescope for the simulated uniform speed star and the blind-tracking fixed star HIP 31216,respectively.The test results show that the accuracy root mean square of the tracking strategy proposed in this paper is less than 0".02 at 30 minutes,and the performance is much better than the design requirement of 0".3.The most important advantage of this tracking strategy is that the telescope can guarantee normal tracking for a certain period of time even if the hardware or software of the host computer is abnormal.

关键词： miscellaneous-telescopes-methods observational-methods analytical

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Current status and challenges in the application of microbial PHA particles

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 286-302页

作者： Jiaxuan Liu Ziqi Zhou Haoru Li Xinyu Yang Zeyu Wang jian Xiao Dai-xu Wei Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of EducationSchool of MedicineDepartment of Life Sciences and MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi'an710069China School of Clinical Medicine Qujing Medical CollegeQujing655000China School of Physics and Electronic Information Shangrao Normal UniversityShangrao334001China Zigong Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Zigong Psychiatric Research CenterZigong Institute of Brain ScienceZigong643002China

Polyhydroxyalkanoates(PHAs)are diversiform biopolyesters with a similar structure and different side chain groups,synthesized by a variety of microorganism.Due to their excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility,PHAs have been used for many applications,including medical implants,antibacterial agents and bioengineering.Nano-architecture is an emerging area for the use of PHAs.This review summarizes the current status and challenges of PHAs-based particles on the micro-and nano-scale,including their production,degradation,biological safety,and surface functionalization.We also focus on the applications of PHA particles in drug delivery systems,environment protection,tissue engi-neering,vaccine engineering,food science,biotechnology and cosmetics.Finally,the future development trends of PHAs-based particles are prospected.

关键词： Polyhydroxyalkanoates(PHAs) Particles Synthetic biology Tissue engineering

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Static recrystallization behaviors and mechanisms of 7Mo super-austenitic stainless steel with undissolved sigma precipitates during double-stage hot deformation

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第2期31卷 475-487页

作者： Shi-guang xu Jin-shan He Run-ze Zhang Fu-cheng Zhang Xi-tao Wang Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004HebeiChina Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for High Strength Lightweight Metallic Materials Advanced Materials InstituteQilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Science)Jinan250353ShandongChina

Static recrystallization(SRX)behaviors and corresponding recrystallization mechanisms of 7Mo super-austenitic stainless steel were studied under different deformation conditions.The order of influence of deformation parameters on static recrystallization behaviors,from high to low,is followed by temperature,first-stage strain and strain rate.Meanwhile,the effect of holding time on static recrystallization behaviors is significantly controlled by temperature.In addition,with the increase in temperature from 1000 to 1200°C,the static recrystallization mechanism evolves from discontinuous static recrystallization and continuous static recrystallization(cSRX)to metadynamic recrystallization and cSRX,and finally to cSRX.The cSRX exists at all temperatures.This is because high stacking fault energy(56 mJ m−2)promotes the movement of dislocations,making the deformation mechanism of this steel is dominated by planar slip of dislocation.Large undissolved sigma precipitates promote static recrystallization through particle-stimulated nucleation.However,small strain-induced precipitates at grain boundaries hinder the nucleation of conventional SRX and the growth of recrystallized grains,while the hindering effect decreases with the increase in temperature.

关键词： 7Mo super-austenitic stainless steel Double-stage hot deformation Conventional static recrystallization Metadynamic recrystallization Strain-induced precipitation

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Catalytic effect in lithium metal batteries: From heterogeneous catalyst to homogenous catalyst

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 305-326,I0008页

作者： Haining Fan xuan-Wen Gao Hailong xu Yichun Ding Shi-xue Dou Wen-Bin Luo School of Fashion and Textiles The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 100872China Institute for Energy Electrochemistry and Urban Mines Metallurgy School of MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819LiaoningChina Institute of Energy Materials Science University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200000China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710000ShaanxiChina

Lithium metal batteries are regarded as prominent contenders to address the pressing needs owing to the high theoretical capacity.Toward the broader implementation,the primary obstacle lies in the intricate multi-electron,multi-step redox reaction associated with sluggish conversion kinetics,subsequently giving rise to a cascade of parasitic issues.In order to smooth reaction kinetics,catalysts are widely introduced to accelerate reaction rate via modulating the energy barrier.Over past decades,a large amount of research has been devoted to the catalyst design and catalytic mechanism exploration,and thus the great progress in electrochemical performance has been realized.Therefore,it is necessary to make a comprehensive review toward key progress in catalyst design and future development pathway.In this review,the basic mechanism of lithium metal batteries is provided along with corresponding advantages and existing challenges detailly described.The main catalysts employed to accelerate cathode reaction with emphasis on their catalytic mechanism are summarized as well.Finally,the rational design and innovative direction toward efficient catalysts are suggested for future application in metal-sulfur/gas battery and beyond.This review is expected to drive and benefit future research on rational catalyst design with multi-parameter synergistic impacts on the activity and stability of next-generation metal battery,thus opening new avenue for sustainable solution to climate change,energy and environmental issues,and the potential industrial economy.

关键词： Energy storage and conversion Metal battery Sulfur battery Air battery Catalytic effect Heterogeneous catalyst Homogeneous catalyst

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Effects of BN on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of PP/BN Composites

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第2期39卷 345-352页

作者：陈厚振王艳芝 NAN Yu WANG xu YUE Xianyang ZHANG Yifei FAN Huiling School of Textiles Zhongyuan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 451191China Kaifeng Power Supply Company State Grid Henan Electric Power CompanyKaifeng 475000China School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China Zhengzhou Hengtian Copper Co. Ltd.Zhengzhou 451100China

In order to explore the thermal conductivity of polypropylene(PP)/hexagonal boron nitride(BN) composites,PP composites filled with different proportions of BN were prepared through extrution compounding,injection moulding and compression moulding.The composites were filled with BN particles of 5 and 20 μm respectively,and their mass fractions in composites were considered.Percentage of BN was varied from 0 to 25wt% in steps of 5wt%.The effects of BN filler on mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated.The thermal behaviors were studied using DSC and TGA,and the thermal conductivity was also investigated by Laser Flash Device and the Model of 3D Heat Conduction respectively.The experimental results show that impact strength of PP/BN can be enhanced with the addition of BN,but that composites exhibit lower breaking elongation & tensile strength when compared to unfilled ones.It is found that mass fraction of BN influenced the final thermal stability and degree of crystallization of PP matrix,the degree of crystallization of PP with 15wt% of 20 μm BN can be improved by 25% than neat PP.Meanwhile,crystallization temperatures of PP composites are elevated by about 10 ℃.The thermal conductivity results demonstrate that the maximum value of the thermal conductivity is achieved from PP/BN with 20wt% of 20 μm BN,higher than that of pure PP by 95.65%,close to the simulation one.

关键词： thermal properties polypropylene composites hexagonal boron nitride

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