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Standardization and Identification of Minor Components of Silymarin (MK-001)

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2012年第3期4卷 237-244页

作者： yan-ze liu[a][b] David Yue-wei LEE[a] Bioorganic and Natural Product Laboratory McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical SchoolMA 02478USA Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100193China

Objective To develop a highly effective HPLC method for standardization of silymarin and for characterization of minor components, which has not been reported previously. Methods An HPLC fingerprinting method and 1 H-NMR spectroscopy were employed to provide assurance for a standardized silymarin product (MK-001). Results A total of 18 marker compounds were identified and characterized including ten flavonolignans and eight small molecules including adenine, adenosine, uridine, and 3,5,7-trihydroxychromone which were first isolated and characterized from silymarin. The HPLC fingerprinting method and 1 H-NMR had been established for complete assignments of HPLC peaks with intensity over 1.0%. Conclusion The successfully established HPLC fingerprinting method and 1 H-NMR could be applied for the standardization of commercial silymarin products. MK-001 represents the first standardized silymarin with the highest content of flavonolignans ( > 90%).

关键词： adenine flavonolignans 1 H-NMR HPLC fingerprinting silymarin

Comparative Analysis of Six Triticum turgidum L. Subspecies for Acid and Aluminum Tolerance

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2010年第5期9卷 642-650页

作者： DAI Shou-fen yan ze-hong liu Deng-cai WEI Yu-ming ZHENG You-liang Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 P.R.China

The aluminum （A1） tolerance of hexaploid wheat and rye has been extensively studied. However, the A1 tolerance of tetraploid wheat （Triticum turgidum L.）, the AABB genome donor of hexaploid wheat, has not been well characterized. To understand the A1 tolerance of tetraploid wheat and identify potentially new sources of tolerance to acidic soils, 254 Triticum turgidum wheat lines, including six subspecies of T. turdigum ssp. dieoccoides, ssp. dicoccon, ssp. carthlicum, ssp. turgidum, ssp. durum, and ssp. polinicum, were screened for acid and A1 tolerance by measuring the root regenerate lengths and the tolerance indices in acid nutrient culture solution containing A1. Significant differences were observed either among or within tetraploid wheat subspecies on the RRL （root regenerate lengths）. The orders for average RRL among subspecies in pH 7.00, pH 4.50 and pH 4.50 ＋ 50μmol L^-1 A1^3＋ were carthlicum ≥ turgidum ≥ durum ≥ dicoccoides polinicum ≥ dicoccon, carthlicum ≥ turgidum ≥ durum ≥ polinicum ≥ dicoccon ≥ dicoccoides and durum ≥ dicoccoides carthlicum ≥ turgidum ≥polinicum ≥ dicoccon, respectively. Significant difference was also observed on the root acid tolerance index （RT11） and root A1 tolerance index （RTI2） either among or within tetraploid wheat subspecies. Compared to RTI2, RTI1 varied in a wide range but with large value. The orders of the average RTI1 and RTI2 among subspecies were polinicum ≥ dicoccon ≥ carthlicum ≥ dicoccoides ≥ turgidum ≥durum, and dicoccoides ≥ durum ≥ turgidum ≥polinicum carthlicum ≥dicoccon, respectively. Significant difference on acid and A1 tolerance was existed either among or within subspecies. Some potentially tolerance germplasms different from those derived from hexaploid wheat, including 42 acid tolerance and 41 A1 tolerance lines, were identified in 254 tetraploid wheat lines. They provide new sources for hexaploid wheat acid and A1 tolerance improvement.

关键词： Triticum turgidum A1 tolerance acid tolerance

Evaluation on Chinese Bread Wheat Landraces for Low pH and Aluminum Tolerance Using Hydroponic Screening

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2009年第3期8卷 285-292页

作者： DAI Shou-fen yan ze-hong liu Deng-cai ZHANG Lian-quan WEI Yu-ming ZHENG You-liang Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University Dujiangyan 611830 P.R.China

Aluminum （Al） toxicity often takes place in acidic soils with a pH of 5.5 or lower. Breeding and cultivation of Al tolerance wheat can partially protect wheat escaping from Al toxicity. The scarcity of the tolerant sources impedes the wheat breeding. In order to find new Al tolerance sources, we screened 173 bread wheat landraces from Tibet of China using hydroponic screening. It was indicated that：（1） There were diversities on the root regenerate length （RRL）. The RRL of a large of landraces were longer than 7.00 cm in pH 7 （58.38%） and pH 4.5 （66.47%）, but shorter than 5.00 cm in pH 4.5 ＋50μM Al^3＋（80.93%）. The low pH showed either promotion or restraining effects depend on landraces, but Al toxicity under low pH only showed restraining effects on the root elongation. （2） There were also diversities on root tolerance index of low pH （RTI 1） or root aluminum tolerance index （RTI2） among cultivars. The RTI1 varied from a narrow range but with relatively high value （0.8722-1.2953） in comparison with that of RTI2 （0.3829-1.0058）, and the RTI1 of approximately 60% landraces was higher than 1.0000, the RTI2 of only 19.07% landraces was higher than 0.7000, suggesting that Al toxicity acted as an important factor for the reduction of the root elongation under acidic soils. （3） The RTI 1 of many wheats was higher than 1.0000, and As2256 and As2295 were the most tolerant for low pH, with RTI1 1.2953 and 1.2925, respectively. （4） Based on RTI2, seven wheats showed similar or higher tolerance to Al toxicity than Chinese Spring （CS）, a known tolerance wheat. Much better tolerance existed in landraces of As1543 and As1242, which can be used as the new parents for Al tolerant breeding.

关键词： bread wheat root regenerate length tolerance index aluminum tolerance hydroponic screening

A New Homogenizing Technology to Obtain Rosmarinic Acid from Perilla Oil Meal

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2012年第1期4卷 70-73页

作者： Wei-zhuo TANG[a] yan-ze liu[b][c] Yu-qing ZHAO[a][d] Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang 110016 China Bio-Organic and Natural Product Laboratory MRC 311 McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School MA 02478 USA Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing 100193 Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang 110016 China Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery Ministry of Education Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang 110016 China

Objective To optimize the extraction technology of the active component, rosmarinic acid, an ester of caffeic acid and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid, in perilla oil meal for the first time by a new homogenizing technology called smashing tissue extraction (STE). Methods Orthogonal design was used to optimize the extraction condition. The content of rosmarinic acid was quantified from the methanol crude extract with the help of HPLC. Results The optimization of STE process to get rosmarinic acid from the perilla oil meal was the ratio of liquid to solid material at 10:1 and the power of extraction at 150 V, extracting twice (2 min for each time). Conclusion STE could be applied to extracting the active ingredients from the oil meals due to its high extraction efficiency. This new homogenizing technology has advantages on saving extraction time, raising extraction efficiency, and maintaining the temperature sensitive constituents.

关键词： HPLC perilla oil meal rosmarinic acid smashing tissue extraction tissue homogenizing technology

Two New ent-Kaurane Diterpenoids from Isodon xerophilus

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2000年第9期11卷 795-798页

作者： Ai Jun HOU Hui yanG Bei JIANG Qin Shi ZHAO yan ze liu Zhong Wen LIN Han Dong SUN Laboratory of Phytochemistry Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650204 Department of Phytochemistry Henan College of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhengzhou 450003

Two new ent-kaurane diterpenoids, xerophilusin E (1) and xerophilusin F (2), were isolated from the leaves of Isodon xerophilus. Their structures were determined as 3, 20: 7, 20-diepoxy-ent-kaur-16-en-15-one and 7 beta, 14 beta, 20 (R)-trihydroxy-11 beta-acetoxy-7,20-cyclo-ent-kaur-16-en-6, 15-dione, respectively, by spectral methods and X-ray crystallographic analysis.

关键词： Isodon xerophilus Labiatae ent-kaurane diterpenoids xerophilusin E xerophilusin F

Optimization of Smashing Tissue Extraction Technology of Schisandra chinensis Fruits by Orthogonal Test

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2012年第3期4卷 259-262页

作者： Yun TANG[a] yan-ze liu[b][c] Ling HAN[d] Yu-qing ZHAO[a][e] Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang 110016China Institute of Medicinal Plant DevelopmentChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100193China Bio-organic and Natural Product Laboratory McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical SchoolMA 02478USA Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery Ministry of EducationShenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China

Objective To optimize the extract technology of active lignins from the fruits of Schisandra chinensis. Methods The content of schizandrin, gomisin A, and deoxyschizandrin were selected as standards to evaluate the efficiency of smashing tissue extraction (STE). Solid-liquid ratio, extracting times, ethanol concentration, and extracting time were investigated through orthogonal test. Results The optimized conditions for STE were ten times amount of 80% EtOH, extracting for three times, and 2 min for each time. Conclusion STE could obtain relatively higher yield, simplicity of operation, and benefit for environment protection. It could be better choice for the extraction of S. chinensis.

关键词： deoxyschizandrin gomisin A orthogonal test Schisandra chinensis schizandrin smashing tissue extraction

Terminalic Acid, a New Tannin from the Fruit of Terminalia chebula

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1998年第9期9卷 827-828页

作者： yan ze liu Bing Wu YU Gang DING (Department of Phytochemistry, Henan College of Traditional ChineseMedicine, Zhengzhou 450003),yang Jie WU (Department of Organic Chemistry, Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou, 450052) Henan Coll Tradit Chinese Med Dept Phytochem Zhengzhou 450003 Peoples R China Zhengzhou Univ Dept Organ Chem Zhengzhou 450052 Peoples R China

Terminalic acid 1, a new hydrolysable tannin, was isolated from the fruit of Terminalia chebula. Its structure was found to be 1-O-galloyl-2,4-chebuloyl-beta-D-glucopyranose by chemical method and H-1-NMR, C-13-NMR, H... 详细信息

关键词： Terminalia chebula hydrolysable tannins terminalic acid

A New C-glycosidic Hydrolysable Tannin from Rhodomyrtus tomentosa

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1997年第1期8卷 39-40页

作者： yan ze liu Ai Jun HOU Chun Ru JI yang Jie WU(Department of Phytochemistry Henen College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Xhengzhou 450003Department of Oraganic Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052) ZHENGZHOU UNIV DEPT ORGAN CHEMZHENGZHOU 450052PEOPLES R CHINA HENAN COLL TRADIT CHINESE MED DEPT PHYTOCHEMZHENGZHOU 450003PEOPLES R CHINA

Tomentosin(1), a new C-glycosidic hydrolysable tannin, isolated from the leaves of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa. Its structure determined by chemical method and (1)HNMR spectroscopic analysis.

关键词： A New C-glycosidic Hydrolysable Tannin from Rhodomyrtus tomentosa

Simultaneous determination of 15 flavonoids from different parts of Scutellaria baicalensis and its chemometrics analysis

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2019年第1期11卷 20-27页

作者： Jie Shen Pei Li Chun-nian He Hai-tao liu yan-ze liu Xiao-bo Sun Rong Xu Pei-gen Xiao Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine Ministry of Education

Objective: The aerial parts of Scutellaria baicalensis were used as Huangqin Tea for thousands of years and mainly contain flavonoids which contribute to its bioactivities. However, there is no appropriate quality evaluation method of Huangqin Tea, and three flavanones of isocarthamidin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide,carthamidin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide, and isoscutellarein-8-O-β-D-glucuronide with high contents in the aerial parts have never been defined quantitatively. Here, an HPLC-DAD method for simultaneous determination of 15 flavonoids and systematically compared their contents and distribution in the roots,stems, leaves, and flowers of S. baicalensis was ***: Under the HPLC-DAD chromatographic conditions, 77 batches of samples of S. baicalensis were analyzed. Meanwhile, the chromatographic fingerprint of different parts of S. baicalensis was ***, principal component analysis(PCA), orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA), and clustering heat map were performed based on the contents of 15 flavonoids in different parts of S. ***: The results showed significant differences in the contents and distributions of 15 flavonoids among the different parts of S. baicalensis. The chemical composition of stems showed some similarities to leaves, and their contents were all lower than leaves. The contents of isocarthamidin-7-O-β–glucuronide [(106.66 66 ± 22.68) mg/g], carthamidin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide [(19.82 ± 11.17) mg/g],and isoscutellarein-8-O-β-D-glucuronide [(3.10 ± 1.73) mg/g] were the highest in leaves. The content of apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and chrysin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide were the highest in flowers. The contents of baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside, wogonin, alpinetin, and oroxylin A were higher in roots than in other ***: The method was fully validated and could be effectively used to characterize the contents and distributions of main flavonoids in the different parts of S

关键词： flavonoids HPLC Huangqin Tea Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi