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Association between childhood obesity and gut microbiota:16S rRNA gene sequencing-based cohort study

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第16期30卷 2249-2257页

作者： Xu-Ming Li Qing Lv Ya-Jun Chen Lu-biao yan Xin Xiong Laboratory Department Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital(Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital)Nanjing 210004Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pediatrics Shenzhen University General HospitalShenzhen 518055Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Inspection Division Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University(Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital)Nanjing 210004Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pediatrics Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University(Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital)Nanjing 210004Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neonatology Chenzhou First People’s HospitalChenzhou 423000Hunan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify characteristic gut genera in obese and normal-weight children(8-12 years old)using 16S rDNA *** research aimed to provide insights for mechanistic studies and prevention strategies for childhood *** normal-weight and thirty age-and sex-matched obese children were *** and body measurements were collected,and fecal samples underwent 16S rDNA *** differences in body mass index(BMI)and body-fat percentage were observed between the *** of gut microbiota diversity revealed lowerα-diversity in obese *** in gut microbiota composition were found between the two *** and Firmicutes were more abundant in the obese group,while Bacteroides and Sanguibacteroides were more prevalent in the control *** To identify the characteristic gut genera in obese and normal-weight children(8-12-year-old)using 16S rDNA sequencing,and provide a basis for subsequent mechanistic studies and prevention strategies for childhood *** Thirty each normal-weight,1:1 matched for age and sex,and obese children,with an obese status from 2020 to 2022,were included in the control and obese groups,*** information was collected through questionnaires and body measurements were obtained from both obese and normal-weight *** samples were collected from both groups and subjected to 16S rDNA sequencing using an Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform for gut microbiota diversity *** Significant differences in BMI and body-fat percentage were observed between the two *** Ace and Chao1 indices were significantly lower in the obese group than those in the control group,whereas differences were not significant in the Shannon and Simpson ***-Wallis tests indicated significant differences in unweighted and weighted UniFrac distances between the gut microbiota of normal-weight and obese children(P<0.01),suggest

关键词： Childhood obesity Gut microbiota 16S rDNA sequencing Diversity analysis Genus identification Body mass index

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Self-supported NiFe-LDH nanosheets on NiMo-based nanorods as high-performance bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting at industrial-level current densities

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3769-3776页

作者： yan Zhang biao Feng MingLei yan Zhen Shen Yiqun Chen Jingyi Tian Fengfei Xu Guanghai Chen Xizhang Wang Lijun yang Qiang Wu Zheng Hu Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education(MOE)and Jiangsu Provincial Lab for Nanotechnology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Sichuan Agricultural UniversityYa’an 625014China

Efficient,durable and economic electrocatalysts are crucial for commercializing water electrolysis ***,we report an advanced bifunctional electrocatalyst for alkaline water splitting by growing NiFe-layered double hydroxide(NiFe-LDH)nanosheet arrays on the conductive NiMo-based nanorods deposited on Ni foam to form a three-dimensional(3D)architecture,which exhibits exceptional performances for both hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).In overall water splitting,only the low operation voltages of 1.45/1.61 V are required to reach the current density of 10/500 mA·cm^(-2),and the continuous water splitting at an industrial-level current density of 500 mA·cm^(-2) shows a negligible degradation(1.8%)of the cell voltage over 1000 *** outstanding performance is ascribed to the synergism of the HER-active NiMo-based nanorods and the OER-active NiFe-LDH nanosheet arrays of the hybridized 3D ***,the dense NiFe-LDH nanosheet arrays enhance the local pH on cathode by retarding OH-diffusion and enlarge the electrochemically active surface area on anode,while the conductive NiMo-based nanorods on Ni foam much decrease the charge-transfer resistances of both *** study provides an efficient strategy to explore advanced bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting by rationally hybridizing HER-and OER-active components.

关键词： alkaline water splitting bifunctional electrocatalysts layered double hydroxides high durability industrial current densities

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Effect of Oxygen-Rich Combustion on Flame Propagation of Syngas in a Half-Open Pipe at Elevated Temperatures

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第5期33卷 1920-1934页

作者： LI Ningning DENG Haoxin XU Zhuangzhuang yan Mengmeng WEI Shengnan SUN Guangzhen WEN Xiaoping gan Haowen WANG Fahui School of Mechanical and Power Engineering Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo 454003China

The investigation of syngas flame propagation has great benefits for the effective use of gas *** essay sets out to study the flame propagation of premixed oxygen-rich combustion(oxygen enrichment coefficient in volumeΩ:0.21,0.27,0.32,0.37)of syngas(H_(2):CO=2:8)in half-closed rectangular ducts at elevated temperatures(T:300 K,400 K,500 K)and evaluate the effects of initial temperature and oxygen enrichment coefficient on the LBV from sensitivity analysis and kinetic *** paper presents the effect of the expansion effect on laminar burning velocity for the first time,and separates the effect of the expansion effect on laminar burning velocity by a new *** shows that as the initial temperature goes up,the faster the exponential growth phase of the flame front velocity,the slower the slow growth *** smaller and earlier the maximum flame front velocity arrives,the slower the average flame speed *** the oxygen enrichment coefficient goes up,the peak value of the flame front velocity gradually ***-rich combustion and increasing initial temperature inhibit flame propagation in a half-open tube,but promote laminar burning velocity,which increases the key chemical bond and adiabatic flame *** net reaction rate shows that oxygen-rich combustion mainly promotes the combustion reaction of H_(2)(R2).However,increasing the initial temperature mainly promoted the oxidation of CO(R29).Analysis of the reaction path showed that oxygen-rich combustion and increased initial temperature promoted the reaction of H_(2)and CO with key chemical bonds,increased OH concentration,and inhibited OH cracking reaction.

关键词： gas turbines oxyfuel combustion numerical simulation combustion kinetics fire and flame

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New recessive compound heterozygous variants of RP1L1 in RP1L1 maculopathy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 107-112页

作者： Wen-Chao Cao Qing-Shan Chen Run gan Tao Huang Xiao-He yan The Second Clinical Medical College Jinan UniversityShenzhen 518040Guangdong ProvinceChina Shenzhen Eye Hospital Jinan UniversityShenzhen Eye InstituteShenzhen 518040Guangdong ProvinceChin

AIM:To identify a maculopathy patient caused by new recessive compound heterozygous variants in ***:Comprehensive retinal morphological and functional examinations were evaluated for the patient with RP1L1 *** sequence capture array technique was used to screen potential pathologic *** chain reaction and Sanger sequencing were used to confirm the screening ***:Fundus examination showed round macular lesions appeared in both *** coherence tomography showed that the inner segment/outer segment continuity was disorganized and disruptive in the left eye,but it was uneven and slightly elevated in the right *** autofluorescence showed patchy hyper-autofluorescence in the *** field examination indicates central defects in both ***(ERG)and multifocal ERG showed no obvious *** fluorescein angiography in the macula showed obviously irregular hyper-fluorescence in the right eye and slightly hyper-fluorescence in the left *** found that the proband carried a missense variant(c.1972C>T)and a deletion variant(c.4717_4718del)of RP1L1,which were originated from the parents and formed compound heterozygous *** variants are likely pathogenic according to the ACMG *** imaging,ERG and detailed medical history are important diagnostic tools for differentiating between acquired and inherited retinal ***:A maculopathy case with detailed retinal phenotype and new recessive compound heterozygous variants of RP1L1 is identified in a Chinese family,which expands the understanding of phenotype and genotype in RP1L1 maculopathy.

关键词： maculopathy recessive compound heterozygous variants RP1L1

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Discrete element simulation of the grain mixing law in brown rice germination device

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 41-48页

作者： Jiagang yan biao Xie Jinyin Bai Yun Zheng Shibo Zhao Nian Liu Qiang Zhang College of Engineering Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower yangtze River Ministry of AgricultureWuhan 430070China

The discrete element method(DEM)was used in this study to numerically simulate the mixing process and motion law of particles in brown rice germination *** the reliability of simulation experiments was verified through physical *** the discrete element simulation experiment,there were three mixing stages in the mixing process of the *** particle motion conditions at different rotational speeds were rolling,cascading,cataracting and *** lower the filling degree,the higher the particle mixing *** radial trajectory of the particles was approximated as an elliptical helix that continuously shrank towards the *** research results indicated that under the same speed and filling conditions,the motion of brown rice particles in both the simulated and physical test environments is rolling and the drop height is the same.

关键词： brown rice germination device tank brown rice particles discrete element method motion law mixing characteristics

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Evolution of the Mangrove Wetland since the Holocene: Current Progress and Future Perspectives

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第5期35卷 1669-1678页

作者： Xueyan yan Xianzhong Ke Qinghua Li Yiqun gan Xianjun Xie Yamin Deng Geological Survey China University of Geosciences Wuhan Center China Geological Survey (Central South China Innovation Center for Geosciences) School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences

Mangrove wetlands are among the four most productive tropical and subtropical ecosystems. They are also a core component of the coastal blue carbon ecosystem, which is of great ecological significance to human beings, plants, animals, and the global carbon balance. There has been a global decrease in the distribution of mangrove forests, and their ecological function has gradually degenerated since the Holocene. Sediment from coastal mangrove wetlands can provide records of climate change and human activities, and multiple proxies including palynology, leaf fossil, biomarkers, DNA, phytolith and stable isotopes, can be used to reconstruct the evolutionary stages of paleo-mangroves and to identify the effect of natural processes and human activities on the distribution and evolution of mangroves. This information can provide theoretical support for mangrove protection and for improving carbon sequestration capacity. This paper summarizes and compares the multiple proxies for mangrove reconstruction, reviews progress in the study of natural succession of global mangroves since the Holocene, expands on the influence mechanisms of human activities on mangrove growth and development and uses past information to lay a foundation for a model to predict future mangrove development.

关键词： mangrove Holocene multiproxy sedimentary environment climate change environ-mental geology

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Breaking the efficiency limitations of dissipative Kerr solitons using nonlinear couplers

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 88-94页

作者： Ming Li Xiao-Xiao Xue yan-Lei Zhang Xin-biao Xu Chun-Hua Dong Guang-Can Guo Chang-Ling Zou CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Centerfor Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and TechnologyTsinghua University Beijing 100084China

Dissipative Kerr solitons(DKS) have long been suffering from poor power conversion efficiency when driven by continuous-wave lasers. By deriving the critical coupling condition of a multimode nonlinear optics system in a generalized theoretical framework,two efficiency limitations of the conventional pump method of DKS are revealed: the effective coupling rate is too small and is also power-dependent. A general approach is provided to resolve this challenge by introducing two types of nonlinear couplers to couple the soliton cavity and CW input through nonlinear processes. The collective coupler opens multiple coupling channels and the self-adaptive coupler builds a power-independent effective external coupling rate to the DKS for approaching the generalized critical coupling condition, which promises near-unity power conversion efficiencies. For instance, a conversion efficiency exceeding 90% is predicted for aluminum nitride microrings with a nonlinear coupler utilizing second-harmonic generation. The mechanism applies to various nonlinear processes, including Raman and Brillouin scattering, and thus paves the way for micro-solitons toward practical applications.

关键词： Kerr frequency comb conversion efficiency nonlinear coupler

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Self-powered flexible fingerprint-recognition display based on a triboelectric nanogenerator

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3021-3028页

作者： Wandi Chen Haonan Wang Yibin Lin Xinyan gan Heng Tang Yongai Zhang Qun yan Tailiang Guo Xiongtu Zhou Chaoxing Wu School of Physics and Information Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou 350116China

In the time of Internet of Things(IoT),alternating current electroluminescence(ACEL)has unique advantages in the fields of smart display and human–computer ***,their reliance on external high-voltage AC power supplies poses challenges in terms of wearability and limits their practical *** paper proposed an innovative scheme for preparing a feather triboelectric nanogenerator(F-TENG)using recyclable and environmentally friendly *** highest open-circuit voltage,short-circuit current,and transferred charge of SF6-treated F-TENGs can reach 449 V,63μA,and 152 nC,which enables easy lighting of BaTiO_(3)^(-)doped ACEL *** a human electrical potential,a single-electrode F-TENG is combined with ACEL device for self-powered fingerprint recognition *** works achieve self-powered flexible wearable ACEL devices,which are not only efficient and portable but also have good application prospects in the human–computer interaction,functional displays,and wearable electronic devices.

关键词： alternating current electroluminescent triboelectric nanogenerator feather reactive ion etching fingerprint recognition

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Clinical and genetic heterogeneity of adult polyglucosan body disease caused by GBE1 biallelic mutations in China

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第5期11卷 17-20页

作者： Yikun Chen yan Shi Yuan Gao yan Hu Linying Zhou Jingmei Hong Shirui gan Xiang Lin Wanjin Chen Guorong Xu Jin He Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital Institute of Neuroscienceand Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular NeurologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian 350005China Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology Institute of NeuroscienceFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian 350005China Electron Microscopy Lab of Public Technology Service Center Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian 350005China

Adult polyglucosan body disease(APBD)is a rare and highly heterogeneous glycogen storage disorder due to biallelic variants in GBE1.1 Typical APBD presentations include gait abnormalities with polyneuropathy,leukodystrophy,neurogenic bladder,and mild cognitive *** diagnosis of APBD encompasses a large spectrum of conditions including axonal and demyelinating sensorimotor polyneuropathy,progressive spastic paraparesis,and leukodystrophies.

关键词： GBE bladder diagnosis

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XOR spin logic operated by unipolar current based on field-free spin-orbit torque switching induced by a lateral interface

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3868-3875页

作者： yan-Ru Li Mei-Yin yang Guo-Qiang Yu Bao-Shan Cui Jin-biao Liu Yong-Liang Li Qi-Ming Shao Jun Luo Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Integrated Technology Institute of MicroelectronicsChinese Academy of Sciences(IMECAS)Beijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS) Beijing 100049China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of Ministry of Education Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China

Spin logics have emerged as a promising avenue for the development of logic-in-memory *** particular,the realization of XOR spin logic gates using a single spin-orbit torque device shows great potential for low-power stateful logic circuits in the next *** this study,we successfully obtained the XOR logic gate by utilizing a spin-orbit torque device with a lateral interface,which was created by local ion implantation in the Ta/Pt/Co/Ta Hall device exhibiting perpendicular magnetic *** angle of the lateral interface is set at 45°relative to the current direction,leading to the competition between symmetry breaking and current-driven Néel-type domain wall ***,the field-free magnetic switching reversed is realized by the same sign of current amplitude at this *** on this field-free magnetic switching behavior,we successfully proposed an XOR logic gate that could be implemented using only a single spin-orbit torque Hall *** study provides a potentially viable approach toward efficient spin logics and in-memory computing architectures.

关键词： Filed-free magnetic switching Spin-orbit torque XOR logic gate Lateral interface

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