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Structure of the brachial plexus root and adjacent regions displayed by ultrasound imaging

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第26期7卷 2044-2050页

作者： Zhengyi Li Xun Xia Xiaoming Rong yamei tang Dachuan Xu Institute of Clinical Anatomy Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong Province China Department of Ultrasound Shenzhen Second People's Hospital Shenzhen 518035 Guangdong Province China Department of Neurology Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510120 Guangdong Province China

Brachial plexuses of 110 healthy volunteers were examined using high resolution color Doppler ultrasound. Ultrasonic characteristics and anatomic variation in the intervertebral foramen, interscalene, supraclavicular and infraclavicular, as well as the axillary brachial plexus were investigated. Results confirmed that the normal brachial plexus on cross section exhibited round or elliptic hypoechoic texture. Longitudinal section imaging showed many parallel linear hypo-moderate echoes, with hypo-echo. The transverse processes of the seventh cervical vertebra, the scalene space, the subclavian artery and the deep cervical artery are important markers in an examination. The display rates for the interscalene, and supraclavicular and axillary brachial plexuses were 100% each, while that for the infraclavicular brachial plexus was 97%. The region where the normal brachial plexus root traversed the intervertebral foramen exhibited a regular hypo-echo. The display rate for the C5-7 nerve roots was 100%, while those for C8 and T1 were 83% and 68%, respectively. A total of 20 of the 110 subjects underwent cervical CT scan. High-frequency ultrasound can clearly display the outline of the transverse processes of the vertebrae, which were consistent with CT results. These results indicate that high-frequency ultrasound provides a new method for observing the morphology of the brachial plexus. The C~ vertebra is a marker for identifying the position of brachial plexus nerve roots.

关键词： brachial plexus ultrasound anatomical characteristics CT nerve root brachial plexus block neuralregeneration

Cranial irradiation impairs intrinsic excitability and synaptic plasticity of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons with implications for cognitive function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第10期17卷 2253-2259页

作者： Min-Yi Wu Wen-Jun Zou Pei Yu Yuhua Yang Shao-Jian Li Qiang Liu Jiatian Xie Si-Qi Chen Wei-Jye Lin yamei tang Department of Neurology Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of EducationGuangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired IntelligenceKey Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders of Guangdong ProvinceCollaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceDepartment of NeurobiologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA MedicineSun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Medical Research Center Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Radiation therapy is a standard treatment for head and neck ***,patients often exhibit cognitive impairments following radiation *** studies have revealed that hippocampal dysfunction,specifically abnormal hippocampal neurogenesis or neuroinflammation,plays a key role in radiation-induced cognitive ***,the long-term effects of radiation with respect to the electrophysiological adaptation of hippocampal neurons remain poorly *** found that mice exhibited cognitive impairment 3 months after undergoing 10 minutes of cranial irradiation at a dose rate of 3 Gy/***,we observed a remarkable reduction in spike firing and excitatory synaptic input,as well as greatly enhanced inhibitory inputs,in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal *** to the electrophysiological adaptation,we found reduced expression of synaptic plasticity marker VGLUT1 and increased expression of ***,in irradiated mice,long-term potentiation in the hippocampus was weakened and GluR1 expression was *** findings suggest that radiation can impair intrinsic excitability and synaptic plasticity in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons.

关键词： GABA-mediated hyperfunction GluR intrinsic excitability long-term potentiation radiation-induced cognitive impairment spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents synaptic plasticity type I vesicular glutamate transporter vesicular GABA transporter whole-cell patch clamp recording

Digit and letter alexia in carbon monoxide poisoning

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第21期7卷 1675-1679页

作者： Qingyu Shen Xiaoming Rong Rui Pan Ying Peng Wei Peng yamei tang Department of Neurology Zengcheng People's Hospital Zengcheng 511300 Guangdong Province China Department of Neurology Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510120 Guangdong Province China Department of Ophthalmology Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510120 Guangdong Province China

This study examined a 24-year-old patient with delayed encephalopathy, who was admitted to hospital with complaints of headache and visual impairment 1 week after acute carbon monoxide poisoning. The results of a visual field assessment, electroencephalography and head magnetic resonance imaging indicated damage to the cerebral cortex. After a 2-week treatment period, the patient had recovered from the visual impairment, but exhibited digit- and letter-reading difficulty. The Chinese aphasia battery and the number and letter battery supplement were conducted. The results revealed that the patient exhibited digit and letter alexia, while the ability to read Chinese characters was preserved. In contrast, the patient exhibited a deficit in Chinese character writing, while number and letter writing remained intact. Following treatment, reading and writing ability was improved and electroencephalographic abnormalities were ameliorated. Overall, our experimental findings demonstrated that delayed encephalopathy following acute carbon monoxide poisoning was characterized by digit and letter alexia.

关键词： carbon monoxide delayed encephalopathy digit alexia letter alexia poisoning neural regeneration

Serum uric acid is a risk factor for large-artery atherosclerosis cerebral infarction

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Neural Regeneration Research 2011年第36期6卷 2856-2859页

作者： Jianjun Guo Qingyu Shen Jie Li Xiaoming Rong Ying Peng yamei tang Department of Neurology Zengcheng People＇s Hospital Zengcheng 511300 Guangdong Province China Department of Neurology Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510120 Guangdong Province China

Using the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment （TOAST） classification for acute ischemic stroke, 371 patients with either acute large-artery atherosclerosis or small-artery oc-clusion cerebral infarction were recruited to investigate the potential impact of elevated serum uric acid on cerebrovascular disorders. The results showed that patients who have suffered from large-artery atherosclerosis, relative to small-artery occlusion patients, were characterized by elevated serum uric acid but reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Logistic regression showed that elevated uric acid and lower triglyceride levels were the main risk factors for patients with large-artery atherosclerosis. The findings of this study suggest that hyperuricemia may be a risk factor for stroke.

关键词： uric acid stroke large-artery atherosclerosis small-artery occlusion

Brilliant blue G attenuates lipopolysaccharide-mediated microglial activation and inflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第7期8卷 599-608页

作者： Kui Lu Jue Wang Bin Hu Xiaolei Shi Junyi Zhou yamei tang Ying Peng Department of Neurology Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Department of Neurosurgery Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Medical school of Sun Yat-sen University

Previous studies have confirmed that oxidized adenosine triphosphate, a P2X7 receptor antagonist, attenuates lipopolysaccharide-mediated microglial activation and inflammatory expression following neuronal damage in rat brain. NaCI and temperature may affect the potency of oxidized adenosine triphosphate. Brilliant blue G is a derivative of a widely used food additive and has little toxicity. This study explored the effects of brilliant blue G, a selective P2X7 receptor antagonist, on microglial activation and inflammation. Results demonstrated that brilliant blue G inhibited the release of cydooxygenase-2 and interleukin-6 in BV2 cells. Immunofluorescence displayed that brilliant blue G could suppress lipopolysaccharide-induced microglial activation. This study used RNA interference to block P2X7 receptor expression and found that small interfering RNA also suppressed the release of cyclooxygenase-2 and interleukin-6 in BV2 cells. These results suggested that downregulation of the P2X7 receptor by brilliant blue G was involved in the inhibition of microglial activation and inflammation.

关键词： neural regeneration neurodegenerative disease brilliant blue G P2X7 receptor lipopolysaccharide microglia inflammatory cytokines RNA interference cyclooxygenase-2 interleukin-6 grants-supported paper photographs-containing paper neuroregeneration

Risk factors and causes of hyponatremia in patients after radiotherapy for head and neck cancer:A retrospective study

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Radiation Medicine and Protection 2021年第1期2卷 13-16页

作者： Yaxuan Pi Yi Li Zhongshan Shi yamei tang Department of Neurology Sun Yat-Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou510120China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Sun Yat-Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou510120China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou510120China

Background:Hyponatremia is the most frequently encountered electrolyte abnormality which is caused by kinds of reasons including kidney,metabolic and central nervous system *** adverse effects of hyponatremia include but not limit to cerebral edema and seizures,which often aggravate neurological ***,early diagnosis and intervention would reduce the risk of adverse effects of ***:To investigate the differences between patients with or without hyponatremia after radiotherapy for head and neck cancer,and to explore the risk factors and causes of ***:Patients who aged over 18 years old and underwent radiotherapy for head and neck cancer were collected from Department of Neurology,Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital from January 2012 to July *** comorbidities of patients and demographic and serological data were retrospectively collected to investigate the causes and risk factors of hyponatremia in these *** of the length of hospital stay and the cognitive function between patients with and without hyponatremia were ***:In this study,798 patients were *** incidence of hyponatremia was 17.9%.Risk factors of hyponatremia included age(OR 1.05,95%CI 1.03–1.07,P<0.001),gender(OR 0.62,95%CI 0.39–0.99,P=0.046),medical history of hypothyroidism(OR 2.42,95%CI 1.26–4.09,P紏0.006),adrenal insufficiency(OR 15.61,95%CI 2.73–89.07,P=0.002)or dysphagia(OR 1.81,95%CI 1.24–2.65,P=0.002).The most common cause of hyponatremia was cerebral salt-wasting syndrome(CSWS)(32.9%).The insufficient intake due to dysphagia(29.4%),and hypothyroidism(13.3%)were also common in these ***,hyponatremia resulted in the prolonged hospitalization ***:Hyponatremia would be common in patients who underwent radiotherapy for head and neck *** importance of distinguishing the etiology of hyponatremia is addressed.

关键词： Hyponatremia Head and neck cancer Radiotherapy Cerebral salt-wasting syndrome

Spinal cord injury in patients with systemic lupus Erythematosus Clinical manifestations, imaging characteristics and treatment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2007年第3期2卷 179-182页

作者： yamei tang Fusheng Zhang Qingyu Shen Xiangpen Li Yigang Xing Department of Neurology Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510120 Guangdong Province China

BACKGROUND： There are fewer reports on systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE） related myelitis, and definite and uniform therapeutic program is not available. OBJECTIVE： To observe the clinical manifestations, imaging characteristics, results of laboratory examination and treatment of SLE. DESIGN： A retrospective case analysis. SETTING： Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. PARTICIPANTS： Totally 1 052 SLE inpatients were selected from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 1995 to May 2005, and they all accorded with the diagnostic standards for SLE set by American Rheumatism Association in 1982. 124 of them were diagnosed to have damage of central nervous system. Inclusive criteria： Patients with one of the focal physical signs, including mental and behavior disorders, headache, seizure and involvement of nervous system. Exclusive criteria： Patients with hypertensive encephalopathy, damage of nervous system due to uremia and infection of central nervous system. Spinal cord lesion occurred in 15 female cases of 23 - 51 years old. Informed consents were obtained from all the participants. METHODS： The physical signs, laboratory examinations, therapeutic program and prognosis were recorded in the 15 patients with symptoms of spinal cord lesions. All the patients underwent MRI scan of brain or lesioned segment of spinal cord, and 8 cases of them underwent lumbar puncture to determine intracranial pressure, routine and biochemical examinations were cerebrospinal fluid were performed. The disease activity of SLE in systems beyond central nervous system was evaluated with modified lupus activity criteria count （LACC）. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES：① Incidence of SLE related myelitis, attack age distribution and its association with the activity of SLE; ② Comparisons of the clinical characteristics, cranial and spinal cord MRI manifestations, different therapeutic program and prognosis. RESULTS： All the 15 SLE

关键词： systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) myelitis magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Renovascular hypertension causes cerebral vascular remodeling

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Neural Regeneration Research 2011年第25期6卷 1977-1981页

作者： yamei tang Xiangpen Li Yi Li Qingyu Shen Xiaoming Rong Ruxun Huang Ying Peng Department of Neurology Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510120 Guangdong Province China Department of Neurology the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510080 Guangdong Province China

Renovascular hypertensive rats （RHRs） were developed using the 2-kidney, 2-clip method. All RHRs at 10 weeks displayed high permeability of the cerebral surface blood vessels. Vascular casts of the RHRs showed that the vascular network was sparse. The arterioles of the RHRs at 10 weeks had smaller lumen diameters, but thicker vessel walls with hyalinosis formation compared with control animals. The endothelial cell membrane appeared damaged, and microthrombus formed. After ischemia, the infarction size was larger in RHRs than in control animals. These results suggest that cerebral arterioles in RHRs underwent structural remodeling. High blood pressure may aggravate the severity of brain injury in cerebral ischemia and affect the recovery of ischemia.

关键词： cerebral infarction hypertension renovascular hypertension vascular structural remodeling collateral circulation

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放射性脑损伤诊治中国专家共识

中华神经医学杂志 2019年第6期18卷 541-549页

作者：无唐亚梅李艺中国放射性脑损伤多学科协作组中国医师协会神经内科分会脑与脊髓损害专业委员会中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院神经科

放射治疗是头颈部原发及转移肿瘤的重要治疗方法。放射性脑损伤是头颈部肿瘤患者在放射治疗后产生中枢神经系统损害症状的疾病,是肿瘤患者放疗后的严重并发症,偶发于电离辐射事故中。近年来,放射性脑损伤的确诊率总体呈上升趋势,原因可... 详细信息

放射治疗是头颈部原发及转移肿瘤的重要治疗方法。放射性脑损伤是头颈部肿瘤患者在放射治疗后产生中枢神经系统损害症状的疾病,是肿瘤患者放疗后的严重并发症,偶发于电离辐射事故中。近年来,放射性脑损伤的确诊率总体呈上升趋势,原因可能包括以下方面:(1)随着社会经济和医学的发展,肿瘤发病率、确诊率增加,综合治疗率也较前提高;(2)肿瘤综合治疗方案的推广、各种放射治疗新技术的应用,使肿瘤患者在生存率得到提高、生存期延长的同时,其生活质量也受到重视;(3)先进的影像诊断、检查手段的使用,使得脑部病灶的发现率升高、发现时间提早。

关键词：放射性脑损伤诊断治疗专家共识