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Strong and tough chitin hydrogel constructed by dehydration and rehydration strategy

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8192-8199页

作者： rui-rui Liu Li-Bo Mao Shu-Hong yu Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleDepartment of ChemistryInstitute of Biomimetic Materials and ChemistryAnhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic MaterialsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Innovative Materials Department of Materials Science and EngineeringDepartment of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

As a renewable,biocompatible,biodegradable soft material,chitin hydrogels have better advantages in stability,antibacterial activity,antifouling,cost,immunogenicity,and so on than most polymer ***,compared with other widely used polymer hydrogels with high strength and toughness,the practical applications of chitin-based hydrogels have been limited by their weak mechanical properties,such as cartilage repair and meniscus ***,we present the design and fabrication of chitin hydrogels with excellent mechanical strength and toughness by a dehydration and rehydration *** sequential dehydration and rehydration processes,the crystalline domains in the chitin hydrogels can be properly *** optimized crystallinity,the elastic modulus of the chitin hydrogels exceeds all previously reported values,and the fracture toughness is even comparable to some synthetic polymer hydrogels,while maintaining a high-water-content of about 80 wt.%.At the same water content,the mechanical properties of the chitin hydrogels are positively correlated with the hydrogel crystallinity,which proves that the change of mechanical properties of hydrogels is not simply dependent on weight *** hydrogels can be further strengthened by incorporating other biopolymers that are intrinsically weak,which makes the hydrogels promising for applications in fields such as cartilage repair and meniscus ***,the hydrogels enable loading and release of water-soluble and poorly water-soluble *** highly extendable strengthening and toughening strategy of chitin and chitin-based biopolymer hydrogels paves the way for their widely applications.

关键词： chitin hydrogel crystallinity rehydration chemical transformation strong and tough

Electrocatalytic coupling of anodic nitrogen oxidation and cathodic nitrate reduction for ammonia synthesis from air and water

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 7824-7829页

作者： Aijing Ma Jianzhou gui Yanmei Huang Yifu yu State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process EngineeringSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China Institute of Molecular Plus School of Chemical EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Ammonia plays a vital role in present agriculture and industry,and is also regarded as a next-generation clean energy *** development of electrocatalysis raises an opportunity to make ammonia synthesis compatible with intermittent and variable renewable energy sources such as solar and wind ***,the direct ammonia electrosynthesis from N_(2)reduction is still challenging due to the much easier hydrogen evolution competition *** this perspective,we propose a novel strategy for ammonia electrosynthesis from air and water based on the coupling of anodic nitrogen oxidation and cathodic nitrate *** methods for breaking the bottlenecks of anodic nitrogen oxidation and cathodic nitrate reduction are discussed *** that,key issues that need to be considered in the coupled system are proposed for the application of this strategy.

关键词： electrocatalysis nitrogen oxidation nitrate reduction nitrogen fixation ammonia synthesis

Efficacy comparison of fruquintinib,regorafenib monotherapy or plus programmed death-1 inhibitors for microsatellite stable metastatic colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第6期16卷 2449-2462页

作者： Tian-Qi An Hui Qiu Quan-Bo Zhou Hong Zong Shuang Hu yu-gui Lian rui-Hua Zhao Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450000Henan ProvinceChina Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijing 100000China Department of Colorectal Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450000Henan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Regorafenib(R)and fruquintinib(F)are the standard third-line regimens for colorectal cancer(CRC)according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines,but both have limited *** phase 2 trials have indicated that R or F combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors can reverse immunosuppression and achieve promising efficacy for microsatellite stable or proficient mismatch repair(MSS/pMMR)*** to the lack of studies comparing the efficacy between F,R,F plus programmed death-1(PD-1)inhibitor,and R plus PD-1 inhibitors(RP),it is still unclear whether the combination therapy is more effective than *** To provide critical evidence for selecting the appropriate drugs for MSS/pMMR metastatic CRC(mCRC)patients in clinical *** A total of 2639 CRC patients were enrolled from January 2018 to September 2022 in our hospital,and 313 MSS/pMMR mCRC patients were finally *** A total of 313 eligible patients were divided into F(n=70),R(n=67),F plus PD-1 inhibitor(FP)(n=95)and RP(n=81)*** key clinical characteristics were well balanced among the *** median progression-free survival(PFS)of the F,R,FP,and RP groups was 3.5 months,3.6 months,4.9 months,and 3.0 months,*** median overall survival(OS)was 14.6 months,15.7 months,16.7 months,and 14.1 *** FP regimen had an improved disease control rate(DCR)(P=0.044)and 6-month PFS(P=0.014)and exhibited a better trend in PFS(P=0.057)compared with F,and it was also significantly better in PFS than RP(P=0.030).RP did not confer a significant survival benefit;instead,the R group had a trend toward greater benefit with OS(P=0.080)compared with *** significant differences were observed between the R and F groups in PFS or OS(P>0.05).CONCLUSION FP is superior to F in achieving 6-month PFS and DCR,while RP is not better than *** has an improved PFS and 6-month PFS compared with RP,but F and R had similar clinical ***,FP may be a

关键词： Colorectal cancer Fruquintinib Regorafenib Programmed death-1 inhibitor Real-world

Patterns of Soil ^(15)N and Total N and Their Relationships with Environmental Factors on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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Pedosphere 2014年第2期24卷 232-242页

作者： ZHOU Lei SONG Ming-Hua WANG Shao-Qiang FAN Jiang-Wen LIU Ji-yuan ZHONG Hua-Ping yu gui-rui GAO Lu-Peng HU Zhong-Min CHEN Bin WU Wei-Xing SONG Ting Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The patterns of soil nitrogen （N） isotope composition at large spatial and temporal scales and their relationships to environmental factors illustrate N cycle and sources of N, and are integrative indicators of the terrestrial N cycle and its response to global change. The objectives of this study were： i） to investigate the patterns of soil N content and natural abundance of 15N （δ15N） values in different ecosystem types and soil profiles on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau; ii） to examine the effects of climatic factors and soil characteristics on the patterns of soil N content and soil δ15N values; and iii） to test the relationship between soil δ15N values and soil C/N ratios across ecosystems and soil profiles. Soil profiles were sampled at 51 sites along two transects 1 875 km in length and 200 km apart and distributed in forest, meadow and steppe on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Each site was sampled every 10 cm from a soil depth of 0 to 40 cm and each sample was analyzed for soil N content and δ15N values. Our results indicated that soil N and 515N values （0-40 cm） in meadows were much higher than in desert steppe. Soil N decreased with soil depth for each ecosystem, while variations of soil ~15N values along soil profiles were not statistically significant among most ecosystems but for mountain meadow, lowland meadow, and temperate steppe where soil δ15N values tended to increase with soil depth. The parabolic relationship between soil δ15N values and mean annual precipitation indicated that soil δ15N values increased with increasing precipitation in desert steppe up to 500 mm, and then decreased with increasing precipitation across all other ecosystems. Moreover, the parabolic relationship between δ15N values and mean annual temperature existed in all individual ecosystem types. Soil N and δ15N values （0-0 cm） increased with an increase in soil silt and clay contents. Furthermore, a threshold of C/N ratio of about 11 divided the parabolic relationship between soi

关键词： desert steppe nitrogen isotope composition nutrient availability soil nitrogen

Biomimetic chitin hydrogel via chemical transformation

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 771-777页

作者： rui-rui Liu Qian-Qian Shi yu-Feng Meng Yong Zhou Li-Bo Mao Shu-Hong yu Division of Nanomaterials&Chemistry Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleDepartment of ChemistryInstitute of Biomimetic Materials&ChemistryAnhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic MaterialsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China College&Hospital of Stomatology Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui ProvinceAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China Department of Dental Implantology College&Hospital of StomatologyAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China

Chitin hydrogel has been recognized as a promising material for various biomedical applications because of its biocompatibility and ***,the fabrication of strong chitin hydrogel remains a big challenge because of the insolubility of chitin in many solvents and the reduced chain length of chitin regenerated from *** herein introduce the fabrication of chitin hydrogel with biomimetic structure through the chemical transformation of chitosan,which is a water-soluble deacetylated derivative of *** reacetylation of the amino group in chitosan endows the obtained chitin hydrogel with outstanding resistance to swelling,degradation,extreme temperature and pH conditions,and organic *** chitin hydrogel has excellent mechanical properties while retaining a high water content(more than 95 wt.%).It also shows excellent antifouling performance that it resists the adhesion of proteins,bacteria,blood,and ***,as the initial chitosan solution can be feasibly frozen and templated by ice crystals,the chitin hydrogel structure can be either nacre-like or wood-like depending on the freezing method of the precursory chitosan *** to these anisotropic structures,such chitin hydrogel can exhibit anisotropic mechanics and mass transfer *** current work provides a rational strategy to fabricate chitin hydrogels and paves the way for its practical applications as a superior biomedical material.

关键词： chitin hydrogel biomimetic structure chemical stability mechanical strength antifouling

Construction of multifunctional lanthanum manganese mixed nanoparticles mediated by ionic liquids for selective aerobic oxidation of cyclohexane

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2205-2221页

作者： Hao Li rui-rui Zhang Ke-Xin Li Shuang Wei yu-Mei Liu rui-Xia Liu Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex SystemsInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Selective oxidation of alkanes to produce highvalue chemicals is an essential strategy and means to realize efficient utilization of *** this work,a strategy of lanthanum manganese mixed metal oxides(LMMO)regulated via a facile ionic liquid(IL)-assisted hydrothermal method was proposed to construct the multifunctional catalysts,which exhibited excellent catalytic performance in the selective aerobic oxidation of *** 8.9%cyclohexane conversion with 90%KA oi(cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone)selectivity was achieved over the optimal LMMO catalyst under mild *** effects of anion type,carbon chain length and concentration of ILs on the structure and properties of catalysts were investigated through various characterizations,indicating the structure-directing and template effect of ILs on the multifunctional *** formation of self-assembled spherical nanoparticles followed the"dissolution-nucleation-proliferation"mechanism with the introduction of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate,ascribing the synergistic effect between the microenvironment of ILs and the hydrothermal ***,the high reactive oxygen concentration redox capacity,and suitable basic sites of LMMO catalysts mediated by ILs enhance the activation of C-H bonds and molecular oxygen,simultaneously influencing the adsorption and desorption of the substrate.A comprehensive understanding of the high KA oil selectivity and radical reaction mechanism was elucidated based on in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(DRIFTS)and radical trapping *** recycling and regeneration experiments further illuminated that the removal of adsorbed cyclohexanone acting on the LMMO catalyst was the key to achieve high KA oil selectivity.

关键词： Ionic liquids Nanoparticle Multifunctional catalyst Cyclohexane oxidation

Early results of the integrative epigenomic-transcriptomic landscape of colorectal adenoma and cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第2期16卷 414-435页

作者： You-Wang Lu Zhao-Li Ding rui Mao gui-Gang Zhao yu-Qi He Xiao-Lu Li Jiang Liu Department of Dermatology and Venereology The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650032Yunnan ProvinceChina Kunming Biological Diversity Regional Center of Large Apparatus and Equipments Public Technical Service CenterKunming Institute of ZoologyKunming 650223Yunnan ProvinceChina School of Stomatology Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650500Yunnan ProvinceChina Genome Center of Biodiversity Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650223Yunnan ProvinceChina Department of Reproduction and Genetics The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650032Yunnan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Aberrant methylation is common during the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer(CRC),and detecting these changes that occur during early adenoma(ADE)formation and CRC progression has clinical *** To identify potential DNA methylation markers specific to ADE and *** Here,we performed SeqCap targeted bisulfite sequencing and RNA-seq analysis of colorectal ADE and CRC samples to profile the epigenomic-transcriptomic *** Comparing 22 CRC and 25 ADE samples,global methylation was higher in the former,but both showed similar methylation patterns regarding differentially methylated gene positions,chromatin signatures,and repeated ***-grade CRC tended to exhibit elevated methylation levels in gene promoter regions compared to those in low-grade *** with RNA-seq gene expression data,we identified 14 methylation-regulated differentially expressed genes,of which only AGTR1 and NECAB1 methylation had prognostic *** Our results suggest that genome-wide alterations in DNA methylation occur during the early stages of CRC and demonstrate the methylation signatures associated with colorectal ADEs and CRC,suggesting prognostic biomarkers for CRC.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Epigenomic alteration Transcriptome Methylation-regulated differentially expressed genes

Overexpression of wild-type HRAS drives non-alcoholic steatohepatitis to hepatocellular carcinoma in mice

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Zoological Research 2024年第3期45卷 551-566页

作者： Chen Ling Su-Su Liu yu-Ya Wang gui-Tao Huo Yan-Wei Yang Nan Xu Hong Wang Yong Wu yu-Fa Miao rui Fu yu-Wei Zhao Chang-Fa Fan College of Life Sciences Northwest UniversityProvincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi ProvinceXi’anShaanxi 710069China Division of Animal Model Research Institute for Laboratory Animal ResourcesNational Institutes for Food and Drug Control(NIFDC)Beijing 102629China National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs National Institutes for Food and Drug Control(NIFDC)Beijing 100176China Division of HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Virus Vaccines Institute for Biological Products ControlNational Institutes for Food and Drug Control(NIFDC)Beijing 102629China Division of Laboratory Animal Monitoring Institute for Laboratory Animal ResourcesNational Institutes for Food and Drug Control(NIFDC)Beijing 102629China

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),a prevalent solid carcinoma of significant concern,is an aggressive and often fatal disease with increasing global incidence rates and poor therapeutic *** etiology and pathological progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)-related HCC is multifactorial and ***,no single animal model can accurately mimic the full NASH-related HCC pathological progression,posing considerable challenges to transition and mechanistic ***,a novel conditional inducible wild-type human HRAS overexpressed mouse model(HRAS-HCC)was established,demonstrating 100%morbidity and mortality within approximately one month under normal dietary and lifestyle *** symptoms of HCC such as ascites,thrombus,internal hemorrhage,jaundice,and lung metastasis were successfully replicated in ***-depth pathological features of NASH-related HCC were demonstrated by pathological staining,biochemical analyses,and typical marker gene *** murine anti-PD-1 and sorafenib treatment effectively prolonged mouse survival,further confirming the accuracy and reliability of the *** on protein-protein interaction(PPI)network and RNA sequencing analyses,we speculated that overexpression of HRAS may initiate the THBS1-COL4A3 axis to induce NASH with severe fibrosis,with subsequent progression to ***,our study successfully duplicated natural sequential progression in a single murine model over a very short period,providing an accurate and reliable preclinical tool for therapeutic evaluations targeting the NASH to HCC continuum.

关键词： HRAS THBS1 HCC driver factor NASH Fibrosis Cirrhosis HCC Treatment evaluation

Is Yang-Mills theory unitary in fractional spacetime dimensions?

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第7期67卷 59-64页

作者： Qingjun Jin Ke Ren Gang Yang rui yu Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics Beijing 100193China School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China International Centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific Hangzhou 310024China School of Physical Science and Technology Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing 100193China

We present concrete evidence that Yang-Mills theory exhibits non-unitarity in non-integer spacetime *** violation of unitarity stems from evanescent operators that,while vanishing in four dimensions,are non-zero in general d *** demonstrate that these evanescent operators lead to the emergence of both negative-norm states and complex anomalous dimensions.

关键词： gauge field theories field theories in dimensions other than four renormalization