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Products of methotrexate during chlorination

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第5期29卷 100-108页

作者： jie yin Yumin Niu Bing Shao Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine Beijing 100013 China.

Methotrexate （MTX） is a cytotoxic drug widely used in the treatment of tumors, autoimmune diseases and severe asthma, jen00883This drug has been frequently detected in the aquatic environment with concentrations up to μg/L levels. The MTX present in environmental water might be transformed and removed during chlorination disinfection treatment. In this work, the fate of MTX during aqueous chlorination was investigated in laboratory batch experiments, and the transformation products of MTX were identified. Aqueous solutions of MTX （1 mg/L） were chlorinated by sodium hypochlorite solution at room temperature under neutral pH conditions. Chlorinated products were pre-concentrated with solid-phase extraction （SPE） cartridges and determined by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry （LC-ESI-MS/MS）. The reaction of MTX chlorination exhibited pseudo-first-order kinetics and the half-life time of MTX degradation was calculated to be 1.65 min, when the initial chlorine concentration was 2 mg/L. Two chlorinated MTX congeners, 4-amino-3-chlorinated-N10-methylpteroylglutamic （monochloro-MTX） and 4-amino-3,5-dichloro-N10-methylpteroylglutamic （dichloro-MTX） were found in the chlori- nated solution. Monochloro-MTX was successfully fractionated by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） and its structure was further identified using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） analysis. The presence of the two products in real hospital wastewater was then examined and both compounds were detected. Finally, the effects of MTX and monochloro-MTX on the cell cycle progression in vitro were evaluated using zebrafish liver cell line. It was found that both compounds could inhibit the proliferation of zebrafish liver cells through S phase arrest and their effects on the cell cycle profile had no significant difference.

关键词： Methotrexate Chlorination Chlorinated methotrexate Cell cycle arrest

Embracing connected intelligence with the YuanOS architecture:one OS kit for all

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第1期18卷 1-3页

作者： Haibo CHEN Ning JIA jie yin Institute of Parallel and Distributed Systems School of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China OS Kernel Lab Huawei Technologies Co.Ltd.Beijing 100085China

Operating system abstracts hardware and creates application execution environment,and thus is the key pillar for IT *** its first invention in 1956,operating system has been evolved over three main stages:Mainframe,PC&Internet,Mobile Internet[1].Now,the entire society is firmly stepping towards the connected intelligence era[2],how should operating system be evolved to embrace this new era?

关键词： hardware execution connected

Steiner minimal trees——the final destinations for lipid nanotube networks with three-way junctions

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2011年第4期54卷 586-592页

作者： yin YaJun WU JiYe yin jie FAN QinShan Key Laboratory of Applied Mechanics Department of Engineering Mechanics School of Aerospace Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Division of Mechanics Nanjing University of Technology Nanjing 211816 China

Through the combination of the minimum energy principle in physics and the Steiner minimal tree (SMT) theory in geometry,this paper proves a universal law for lipid nanotube networks (LNNs):at stable equilibrium state,the network of three-way lipid nanotube junctions is equivalent to a ***,an arbitrary (usually non-equilibrium) network of lipid nanotube junctions may fission into a SMT through diffusions and dynamic self-organizations of lipid *** applications of the law to the micromanipulations of LNNs are presented.

关键词： Steiner minimal trees lipid nanotubes networks three-way junctions stable equilibrium

Web C: toward a portable framework for deploying legacy code in web browsers

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2015年第7期58卷 113-127页

作者： yin jie TAN Gang BAI XiaoLong HU ShiMin Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Lehigh University

For security, most web applications are developed in some type-safe language, such as Java Script or Java. However, there is a huge amount of legacy codes developed in unsafe languages, which provide rich functionality and are more efficient than their type-safe counterparts. To allow browsers to incorporate type-safe components in a secure way, previous approaches use the software-based fault isolation(SFI) to isolate untrusted legacy code. The SFI approach performs machine-code transformation for security, but the downside is the loss of architecture independence. We propose Web C, a system that allows legacy code transmitted over the web via the Low Level Virtual Machine(LLVM) bitcode format. The untrusted bitcode is transformed by Web C into code in the Web C security language, which enforces both memory isolation and control-flow integrity. Compared with previous approaches, Web C is more portable, provides stronger security, and allows more flexible memory management. Experimental results show that the average runtime overhead of Web C is modest.

关键词： Web C software fault isolation symbol link shadow memory area portable

Sampling informative context nodes for network embedding

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2021年第11期64卷 120-130页

作者： Danhao ZHU Xin-Yu DAI Jiajun CHEN jie yin Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University Library Jiangsu Police Institute

Several modern network embedding methods learn vector representations from sampled context nodes. The sampling strategies are often carefully designed and controlled by specific parameters that enable them to adapt to different networks. However, the following fundamental question remains: what is the key factor that causes some sampling context results to yield better vectors than others on a certain network? We attempted to answer the question from the perspective of information theory. First, we defined the weighted entropy of the sampled context matrix, which denotes the amount of information it takes. We discovered that context matrices with higher weighted entropy generally produce better vectors. Second, we proposed maximum weighted entropy sampling methods for sampling more informative context nodes; thus, it can be used to produce more informative vectors. Herein, the results of the extensive experiments on the link prediction and node classification tasks confirm the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

关键词： network embedding representation learning random walk entropy weighted entropy

Gut microbial profiles and the role in lipid metabolism in Shaziling pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 345-356页

作者： jie Ma Yehui Duan Rui Li Xiaoxiao Liang Tiejun Li Xingguo Huang Yulong yin jie yin Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm InnovationResearch Center College of Animal Science and TechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha410128China Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of SciencesChangsha410125China Henan Ground Biological Science&Technology Co. Ltd.China

Shaziling pig,a Chinese indigenous breed,has been classified as a fatty pig ***,the gut microbial development and role in lipid metabolism in Shaziling pigs has been rarely ***,we compared the lipid metabolic and microbial profiles at 30,60,90,150,210,and 300 d of age between Shaziling and Yorkshire ***,there were marked differences in the liver lipids(i.e.,cholesterol,glucose,and low-density lipoprotein)and the lipid related expressions(i.e.,SREBP1/2,LXRa/b,DGAT1/2,and FABP1-3)between Shaziling and Yorkshire *** sequencing in the ileal digesta and mucosa showed that Shaziling pigs had a higher a-diversity and higher abundances of probiotics,such as Lactobacillus johnsonii,Lactobacillus amylovorus,and Clostridium ***-five differentiated metabolites were further identified in the mucosa between Shaziling and Yorkshire pigs,which were enriched in the carbohydrate,protein,glucose and amino acid metabolism and bile acid ***,7 differentiated microbial species were markedly correlated with metabolites,indicating the role of gut microbiota in the host ***,the role of differentiated *** in lipid metabolism was validated in Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire(DLY)pigs and the results showed that *** mono-colonization promoted lipid deposition and metabolism by altering gut microbiota(i.e.,Megasphaera elsdenii and ***)and DGAT1/DGAT2/CD36-PPARg gene *** conclusion,Shaziling pigs exhibited different metabolic and microbial profiles compared with Yorkshire pigs,which might have contributed to the diverse metabolic phenotypes,and the significant enrichment of *** in Shaziling pigs promoted lipid metabolism and obesity of DLY pigs,which provided a novel idea to improve the fat content of lean pigs.

关键词： Shaziling pig Gut microbiota Lipid metabolism Lactobacillus johnsonii Fatty acid

High-Effi ciency Catalytic Interface IrO x/CeO_(2)with Adsorbate Evolution Mechanism Boosts Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Acid Media

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2023年第5期29卷 395-405页

作者： Hongyu Zhao jie yin Pinxian Xi State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for Rare IsotopesKey Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in acid media has been intensively studied recently for its important role in proton exchange membrane ***_(2)-based nanomaterials have been widely used in various applications for their redox properties,oxygen vacancy,and surface ***_(2)-based nanocatalysts also exhibit superior catalytic performance in OER in acid ***,we fabricated a highly effi cient catalytic interface between IrO x and CeO_(2)(IrO x/CeO_(2)),which showed a boosting OER activity with an overpotential of 217 mV at the current density of 10 mA/cm 2 and long-term stability for 10 h in 0.5 mol/L H_(2)SO_(4),which were better than those of many reported *** in situ diff erential electrochemical mass spectrometry results demonstrated that IrO x/CeO_(2)and the commercial IrO 2(IrO 2-com)followed the adsorbate evolution mechanism,whereas the pure CeO_(2)surface followed the lattice oxygen oxidation mechanism under the same conditions for *** indicated that the interface of IrO x and CeO_(2)improved mass transfer effi ciency and reactivity,which also prevented the lattice oxygen evolution in the CeO_(2)structure and protected the whole *** work fi nds a new way for OER in acid media catalyzed by CeO_(2)-based nanocatalysts and promotes the design strategy for other CeO_(2)-based nanostructures.

关键词： OER Rare-earth oxide Ir-O cluster Acid electrolyte

Circular dichroism of graphene oxide： the chiral structure model

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2013年第1期7卷 83-90页

作者： Jing CAO Hua-jie yin Rui SONG College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Laboratory of Nanomaterials National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China

We have observed the circular dichroism signal of dilute graphene oxide (GO), then systematically investigated the chirality of GO and established a probable chiral unit model. This study may open up a new field for u... 详细信息

关键词： graphene oxide (GO) circular dichroism XPS chiral model

Harnessing the collective properties of nanoparticle ensembles for cancer theranostics

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Nano Research 2014年第12期7卷 1719-1730页

作者： Yi Liu Jun-jie yin Zhihong Nie Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition U.S. Food and Drug Administration College Park MD 20740 USA

Individual inorganic nanoparticles （NPs） have been widely used in the fields of drug delivery, cancer imaging and therapy. There are still many hurdles that limit the performance of individual NPs for these applications. The utilization of highly ordered NP ensembles opens a door to resolve these problems, as a result of their new or advanced collective properties. The assembled NPs show several advantages over individual NP-based systems, such as improved cell internalization and tumor targeting, enhanced multimodality imaging capability, superior combination therapy arising from synergistic effects, possible complete clearance from the whole body by degradation of assemblies into original small NP building blocks, and so on. In this review, we discuss the potential of utilizing assembled NP ensembles for cancer imaging and treatment by taking plasmonic vesicular assemblies of Au NPs as an example. We first summarize the recent developments in the self-assembly of plasmonic vesicular structures of NPs from amphiphilic polymer-tethered NP building blocks. We further review the utilization of plasmonic vesicles of NPs for cancer imaging （e.g. multi-photon induced luminescence, photothermal, and photoacoustic imaging）, and cancer therapy （e.g., photothermal therapy, and chemotherapy）. Finally, we outline current challenges and our perspectives along this line.

关键词： vesicle nanopartide self-assembly cancer theranostics