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Haplotype-based phylogenetic analysis and population genomics uncover the origin and domestication of sweetpotato

molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 277-296页

作者： mengxiao yan ming Li yunze wang Xinyi wang m-Hossein moeinzadeh Dora G.Quispe-Huamanquispe Weijuan Fan yijie Fang yuqin wang Haozhen Nie Zhangying wang Aiko Tanaka Bettina Heider Jan F.Kreuze Godelieve Gheysen Hongxia wang martin Vingron Ralph Bock Jun yang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources Shanghai Chenshan Botanical GardenShanghai 201602China College of Life Sciences Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing 401331China Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610061China College of Life Sciences Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China Department of Computational molecular Biology Max Planck Institute for Molecular GeneticsIhnestraBe 63-7314195 BerlinGermany Department of Biotechnology Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and Improvement Crop Research InstituteGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya UniversityChikusaNagoya 464-8601Japan international Potato Center(CIP) LimaPeru CAS Center for Excellence of molecular Plant Sciences Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200233China max-Planck-Institut fur molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie Am Muhlenberg 114476 Potsdam-GolmGermany

The hexaploid sweetpotato(lpomoea batatas)is one of the most important root crops ***,its genetic origin remains controversial,and its domestication history remains *** this study,we used a range of genetic evidence and a newly developed haplotype-based phylogenetic analysis to identify two probable progenitors of *** diploid progenitor was likely closely related to lpomoea ae-quatoriensis and contributed the B,subgenome,IbT-DNA2,and the lineage 1 type of chloroplast genome to *** tetraploid progenitor of sweetpotato was most likely *** 4x,which donated the B2 subgenome,IbT-DNA1,and the lineage 2 type of chloroplast *** most likely originated from reciprocal crosses between the diploid and tetraploid progenitors,followed by a subsequent whole-genome *** addition,we detected biased gene exchanges between the subgenomes;the rate of B,to B2 subgenome conversions was nearly three times higher than that of B2 to B subgenome *** analyses revealed that genes involved in storage root formation,maintenance of genome stabil-ity,biotic resistance,sugar transport,and potassium uptake were selected during the speciation and domestication of *** study sheds light on the evolution of sweetpotato and paves the way forimprovementofthiscrop.

关键词： sweetpotato origin gene conversion domestication IbT-DNA HPA

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Experimental study and numerical simulation of the impact of under-sleeper pads on the dynamic and static mechanical behavior of heavy-haul railway ballast track

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第3期32卷 384-400页

作者： yihao Chi Hong Xiao yang wang Zhihai Zhang mahantesh m.Nadakatti School of Civil Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Beijing Key Laboratory of Track Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Department of mechanical Engg KLSGITBelgaumKarnataka 590008India

Laying the under-sleeper pad(USP)is one of the effective measures commonly used to delay ballast degradation and reduce maintenance *** explore the impact of application of the USP on the dynamic and static mechanical behavior of the ballast track in the heavy-haul railway system,numerical simulation models of the ballast bed with USP and without USP are presented in this paper by using the discrete element method(DEm)-multi-flexible body dynamic(mFBD)coupling analysis *** ballast bed support stiffness test and dynamic displacement tests were carried out on the actual operation of a heavy-haul railway line to verify the validity of the *** results show that using the USP results in a 43.01%reduction in the ballast bed support stiffness and achieves a more uniform distribution of track loads on the *** effectively reduces the load borne by the sleeper directly under the wheel load,with a 7.89%reduction in the pressure on the ***,the laying of the USP changes the lateral resistance sharing ratio of the ballast bed,significantly reducing the stress level of the ballast bed under train loads,with an average stress reduction of 42.19 *** also reduces the plastic displacement of ballast particles and lowers the peak value of rotational angular velocity by about 50%to 70%,which is conducive to slowing down ballast bed settlement deformation and reducing maintenance *** summary,laying the USP has a potential value in enhancing the stability and extending the lifespan of the ballast bed in heavy-haul railway systems.

关键词： Heavy-haul railway Under-sleeper pad Discrete element method multi-flexible body dynamic coupling analysis mechanical behavior Quality state

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Airblast evolution initiated by wangjiayan landslides in the m_(s)8.0 Wenchuan earthquake and its destructive capacity analysis

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China Geology 2024年第2期7卷 237-247页

作者： yu-feng wang Qian-gong Cheng Qi Zhu Department of Geological Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Sichuan Highway Planning SurveyDesign and Research Institute LtdChengdu 610041China

Airblasts,as one common phenomenon accompanied by rapid movements of landslides or rock/snow avalanches,commonly result in catastrophic damages and are attracting more and more scientific *** quantitatively analyze the intensity of airblast initiated by landslides,the wangjiayan landslide,occurred in the Wenchuan earthquake,is selected here with the landslide propagation and airblast evolution being studied using FLUENT by introducing the Voellmy rheological *** results reveal that:(1)For the wangjiayan landslide,its whole travelling duration is only 12 s with its maximum velocity reaching 36 m/s at t=10 s;(2)corresponding to the landslide propagation,the maximum velocity,28 m/s,of the airblast initiated by the landslide also appears at t=10 s with its maximum pressure reaching594.8 Pa,which is equivalent to violent storm;(3)under the attack of airblast,the load suffered by buildings in the airblast zone increases to 1300 Pa at t=9.4 s and sharply decreased to-7000 Pa as the rapid decrease of the velocity of the sliding mass at t=10 s,which is seriously unfavorable for buildings and might be the key reason for the destructive collapse of buildings in the airblast zone of the wangjiayan landslide.

关键词： Landslide Voellmy rheological law 3D FLUENT simulation Airblast Intensity Building destructive collapse Wenchuan earthquake Geological hazards survey engineering

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Self-supervised recalibration network for person re-identification

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 163-178页

作者： Shaoqi Hou Zhiming wang Zhihua Dong ye Li Zhiguo wang Guangqiang yin Xinzhong wang Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology Shenzhen518172China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731China Kash Institute of Electronics and Information Industry Kashi844099China

The attention mechanism can extract salient features in images,which has been proved to be effective in improving the performance of person re-identification(Re-ID).However,most of the existing attention modules have the following two shortcomings:On the one hand,they mostly use global average pooling to generate context descriptors,without highlighting the guiding role of salient information on descriptor generation,resulting in insufficient ability of the final generated attention mask representation;On the other hand,the design of most attention modules is complicated,which greatly increases the computational cost of the *** solve these problems,this paper proposes an attention module called self-supervised recalibration(SR)block,which introduces both global and local information through adaptive weighted fusion to generate a more refined attention *** particular,a special"Squeeze-Excitation"(SE)unit is designed in the SR block to further process the generated intermediate masks,both for nonlinearizations of the features and for constraint of the resulting computation by controlling the number of ***,we combine the most commonly used Res Net-50 to construct the instantiation model of the SR block,and verify its effectiveness on multiple Re-ID datasets,especially the mean Average Precision(m AP)on the Occluded-Duke dataset exceeds the state-of-the-art(SOTA)algorithm by 4.49%.

关键词： Person re-identification Attention mechanism Global information Local information Adaptive weighted fusion

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A discovery of two slow pulsars with FAST:“Ronin”from the globular cluster m15

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Science China(Physics,mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第6期67卷 166-180页

作者： Dengke Zhou Pei wang Di Li Jianhua Fang Chenchen miao Paulo CCFreire Lei Zhang Dandan Zhang Huaxi Chen yi Feng yifan Xiao Jintao Xie Xu Zhang Chenwu Jin Han wang yinan Ke Xuerong Guo Rushuang Zhao Chenhui Niu Weiwei Zhu mengyao Xue yabiao wang Jiafu Wu Zhenye Gan Zhongyi Sun Chengjie wang Jie Zhang Junshuo Zhang Jinhuang Cao Wanjin Lu Research Center for Astronomical Computing Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311121China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 102206China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China New Cornerstone Science Laboratory Shenzhen 518054China max Planck Institut f¨ur Radioastronomie Bonn 53121Germany Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing Swinburne University of TechnologyHawthorn 3122Australia School of mathematical Sciences School of Physics and Electronic SciencesGuizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Data Processing Guiyang 550001China School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Qilu Normal UniversityJinan 250200China School of Physics and Electronic Science Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China College of Physical Science and Technology Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China Tencent youtu Lab Shanghai 201103China

Globular clusters harbor numerous millisecond pulsars,but long-period pulsars(P 100 ms)are rarely *** this study,we employed a fast folding algorithm to analyze observational data from multiple globular clusters obtained by the Five-hundredmeter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST),aiming to detect the existence of long-period *** estimated the impact of the median filtering algorithm in eliminating red noise on the minimum detectable flux density(S_(min))of ***,we successfully discovered two isolated long-period pulsars in m15 with periods approximately equal to 1.928451 and3.960716 s,*** the P-˙P diagram,both pulsars are positioned below the spin-up line,suggesting a possible history of partial recycling in X-ray binary systems disrupted by dynamical encounters later *** to timing results,these two pulsars exhibit remarkably strong magnetic *** the magnetic fields were weakened during the accretion process,then a short duration of accretion might explain the strong magnetic fields of these pulsars.

关键词： pulsar globular cluster FAST

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Environmental enrichment in combination with Bifidobacterium breve HNXy26m4 intervention amplifies neuroprotective benefits in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease by modulating glutamine metabolism of the gut microbiome

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 982-992页

作者： Guangsu Zhu min Guo Jianxin Zhao Hao Zhang Gang wang Wei Chen State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China (yangzhou)Institute of Food Biotechnology Jiangnan UniversityYangzhou 225004China National Engineering Center of Functional Food Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China

The gut microbiota-brain axis has emerged as a novel target for Alzheimer's disease(AD),a neurodegenerative disease characterised by behavioural and cognitive ***,most previous microbiome-based intervention studies have focused on single factors and yielded only modest cognitive ***,we proposed a multidomain intervention strategy that combined Bifidobacterium breve treatment with environmental enrichment(EE)*** this study,we found that compared with EE or *** treatment alone,*** intervention combined with EE amplified its neuroprotective effects on AD mice,as reflected by improved cognition,inhibited neuroinflammation and enhanced synaptic ***,using microbiome and metabolome profiling,we found that the combination of *** and EE treatment restored AD-related gut microbiota dysbiosis and reversed microbial metabolite ***,by integrating behavioural and neurological data with metabolomic profiles,we revealed that the underlying mechanism may involve the modulation of microbiota-derived glutamine metabolism via gut-brain ***,combined *** intervention with EE treatment can alleviate AD-related cognitive impairment and improve brain function by regulating glutamine metabolism of the gut *** findings provide a promising multidomain intervention strategy,with a combination of dietary microbiome-based and lifestyle-targeted interventions,to promote brain function and delay the progression of AD.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Bifidobacterium breve Environmental enrichment Glutamine metabolism microbiota-gut-brain axis

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Pyruvate kinase m in germ cells is essential for sperm motility and male fertility but not spermatogenesis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第2期26卷 212-219页

作者： Gao-Qing Qian Xiao-Chen wang Xi Zhang Bin Shen Qiang Liu State Key Laboratory of Reproductive medicine and Offspring Health Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive medicine Department of HistoembryologyGenetics and Developmental BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China State Key Laboratory of molecular Biology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular AndrologyShanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyCenter for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China

male germ cells employ specific metabolic pathways throughout their developmental *** a previous study,we discovered heightened expression of pyruvate kinase m(PKm),a pivotal glycolytic enzyme,in spermatogonia and *** gain deeper insights into PKm's roles in spermatogenesis,sperm function,and male fertility,we engineered a conditional-knockout mouse model(Pkm-vkO mice)to selectively disrupt the Pkm gene within germ *** maintaining regular testicular histology and sperm morphology,the male Pkm-vko mice were infertility,characterized by significant impairments in sperm motility and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)*** addition,Pkm-null spermatozoa exhibited similar deficits in protein tyrosine phosphorylation linked to capacitation,as well as compromised performance in in vitro fertilization *** conclude,PKm's presence is not obligatory for the entirety of spermatogenesis in male germ cells;however,it emerges as a critical factor influencing sperm motility and overall male fertility.

关键词： glycolysis male fertility pyruvate kinase m sperm motility spermatogenesis

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Deep tectonics and seismogenic mechanisms of the seismic source zone of the Jishishan m_(s)6.2 earthquake on December 18,2023,at the northeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第3期8卷 514-521页

作者： Qiong wang Shuyu Li Xinyi Li yue Wu PanPan Zhao yuan Gao Key Laboratory of Earthquake Prediction Institute of Earthquake ForecastingChina Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100036China Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China

On December 18,2023,an m_(s)6.2 earthquake occurred in Jishishan,Gansu Province,*** earthquake happened in the eastern region of the Qilian Orogenic Belt,which is situated at the forefront of the NE margin of the Tibetan Plateau(i.e.,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau),encompassing a rhombic-shaped area that intersects the Qilian-Qaidam Basin,Alxa Block,Ordos Block,and South China *** this study,we analyzed the deep tectonic pattern of the Jishishan earthquake by incorporating data on the crustal thickness,velocity structure,global navigation satellite system(GNSS)strain field,and *** discovered that the location of the earthquake was related to changes in the crustal *** results showed that the Jishishan m_(s)6.2 earthquake occurred in a unique position,with rapid changes in the crustal thickness,Vp/Vs,phase velocity,and S-wave *** epicenter of the earthquake was situated at the transition zone between high and low velocities and was in proximity to a low-velocity ***,the source area is flanked by two high-velocity anomalies from the east and *** principal compressive strain orientation near the Lajishan Fault is primarily in the NNE and NE directions,which align with the principal compressive stress direction in this *** some areas of the Lajishan Fault,the principal compressive strain orientations show the NNW direction,consistent with the direction of the upper crustal fast-wave polarization from local earthquakes and the phase velocity azimuthal *** features underscore the relationship between the occurrence of the Jishishan m_(s)6.2 earthquake and the deep inhomogeneous structure and deep tectonic *** NE margin of the Tibetan Plateau was thickened by crustal extension in the process of northeastward expansion,and the middle and lower crustal materials underwent structural deformation and may have been filled with salt-containing fluids during the extension *** presence

关键词： Jishishan m_(s)6.2 earthquake crustal structure anisotropy stress and strain seismogenic mechanism northeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau

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multi‑omics integration identifies regulatory factors underlying bovine subclinical mastitis

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 987-1007页

作者： mengqi wang Naisu yang mario Laterriere David Gagne Faith Omonijo Eveline m.Ibeagha‑Awemu Agriculture and Agri‑Food Canada Sherbrooke Research and Development CentreSherbrookeQCCanada Department of Animal Science Universite LavalQuebec CityQCCanada Quebec Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaQuebec CityQCCanada

Background mastitis caused by multiple factors remains one of the most common and costly disease of the dairy ***-omics approaches enable the comprehensive investigation of the complex interactions between mul-tiple layers of information to provide a more holistic view of disease ***,this study investigated the genomic and epigenomic signatures and the possible regulatory mechanisms underlying subclinical mastitis by integrating RNA sequencing data(mRNA and lncRNA),small RNA sequencing data(miRNA)and DNA methylation sequencing data of milk somatic cells from 10 healthy cows and 20 cows with naturally occurring subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Staphylococcus *** Functional investigation of the data sets through gene set analysis uncovered 3458 biological process GO terms and 170 KEGG pathways with altered activities during subclinical mastitis,provided further insights into subclin-ical mastitis and revealed the involvement of multi-omics signatures in the altered immune responses and impaired mammary gland productivity during subclinical *** abundant genomic and epigenomic signatures with sig-nificant alterations related to subclinical mastitis were observed,including 30,846,2552,1276 and 57 differential methylation haplotype blocks(dmHBs),differentially expressed genes(DEGs),lncRNAs(DELs)and miRNAs(DEms),***,5 factors presenting the principal variation of differential multi-omics signatures were *** important roles of Factor 1(DEG,DEm and DEL)and Factor 2(dmHB and DEm),in the regulation of immune defense and impaired mammary gland functions during subclinical mastitis were *** of the omics within Factors 1 and 2 explained about 20%of the source of variation in subclinical ***,networks of impor-tant functional gene sets with the involvement of multi-omics signatures were demonstrated,which contributed to a comprehensive view of the possible regu

关键词： Candidate discriminant multi-omics signature Gene Long non-coding RNA methylation haplotype block microRNA multi-omics integration Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity pathway Staphylococcus aureus infection pathway

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Superhydrophilic nickel hydroxide ultrathin nanosheets enable high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors

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Rare metals 2024年第1期43卷 138-147页

作者： yi-Ran wang Fei Zhang Jian-min Gu Xiao-yu Zhao Ran Zhao Xing wang Tian-Hui Wu Jing wang Ji-Dong wang De-Song wang State Key Laboratory of metastable materials Science and Technology(mmST) Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied ChemistryYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Suihua UniversitySuihua 152000China School of Chemical Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Sciences Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050018China

Superhydrophilic surfaces have been applied for supercapacitor;however,during energy storage reaction,how the wettability affects the process of electrochemical reaction specifically is still ***,we demonstrate superhydrophilic surface for promotion of electrochemical reactions by liquid affinity and further explain the mechanism,where the transition of the wettability state caused by the change in surface free energy is the main reason for the obvious increase in specific *** citric acid assistance strategy,an intrinsically hydrophobic Ni(OH)_(2)thick nanosheets(HNHTNs,16 nm)can be transitioned into superhydrophilic Ni(OH)_(2)ultrathin nanosheets(SNHUNs,6.8 nm),where the water contact angle was 0°and the surface free energy increased from 8.6to 65.8 mN·m^(-1),implying *** with HNHTNs,the specific capacitance of SNHUNs is doubled:from 1230 F·g^(-1)(HNHTNs)to 2350 F·g^(-1)(2A·g^(-1))and,even at 20 A·g^(-1),from 833 F·g^(-1)(HNHTNs)to 1670 F·g^(-1).The asymmetric capacitors assembled by SNHUNs and activated carbon show 52.44 Wh·kg^(-1)at 160W·kg^(-1)and excellent stability with~90%retention after5000 cycles(~80%retention after 9500 cycles).The promotion of electrochemical performances is ascribed to the change of surface wettability caused by surface free energy,which greatly increase affinity of electrode to the surrounding liquid environment to reduce the interface resistance and optimize the electron transport path.

关键词： Asymmetric supercapacitor Superhydrophilic interface Transition metal hydroxides Ultrathin nanosheets High specific capacitance

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