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Spinal pedicle subtraction osteotomy for fixed sagittal imbalance patients

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World journal of Clinical Cases 2013年第8期1卷 242-248页

作者： Seung-jae hyun yongjung j Kim Seung-Chul Rhim Department of Neurosurgery Spine CenterSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeoul National University College of MedicineSeongnam 463-707South Korea Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Spine ServiceColumbia University College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNY 10032United States Department of Neurosurgery Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoul 138-736South Korea

In addressing spinal sagittal imbalance through a posterior approach, the surgeon now may choose from among a variety of osteotomy techniques. Posterior column osteotomies such as the facetectomy or Ponte or Smith-Petersen osteotomy provide the least correction, but can be used at multiple levels with minimal blood loss and a lower operative risk. Pedicle subtraction osteotomies provide nearly 3 times the per-level correction of Ponte/Smith-Petersen osteotomies; however, they carry increased technical demands, longer operative time, and greater blood loss and associated significant morbidity, including neurological injury. The literature focusing on pedicle subtraction osteotomy for fixed sagittal imbalance patients is reviewed. The longterm overall outcomes, surgical tips to reduce the complications and suggestions for their proper application are also provided.

关键词： Sagittal imbalance Pedicle subtraction osteotomy Clinical outcome Proximal junctional kyphosis Complication

Counter-balancing effects of Si on C partitioning and stacking fault energy of austenite in 10Mn quenching and partitioning steel

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第3期98卷 248-257页

作者： Dong Hwi Kim jee-hyun Kang Hojun Gwon joo hyun Ryu Sung-joon Kim Graduate Institute for Ferrous Technology Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang 37673Republic of Korea School of Materials Science and Engineering Institute of Materials TechnologyYeungnam UniversityGyeongsan 38541Republic of Korea POSCO Technical Research Laboratories POSCOGwangyang 57807Republic of Korea

Silicon is an essential alloying element in quenching and partitioning(Q&P)steels,because it is known to suppress carbide precipitation during partitioning step and promote carbon partitioning to stabilize *** 2 wt%Si was added to 10Mn-2Al-0.2C steel,the size and fraction of the carbides formed during partitioning became smaller than in the Si-free ***,the suppression of carbide formation promoted C partitioning into austenite as ***,austenite stability was always lower with Si under the equivalent partitioning condition because Si effectively decreased the stacking fault energy of *** partitioning progressed,the both yield and tensile strengths of the Si-added steel exceeded that of the Si-free steel with the similar ductility *** was because Si was an effective solid solution strengthener,and the austenite in the Si-added steel exhibited the appropriate stability to gradually transform into martensite throughout the *** resulting strengthening effect compensated for the softening caused by martensite ***,strain hardening rate decreased continuously throughout deformation,which resulted in high tensile strength and ductility.

关键词： Steels Q&P steel Silicon Austenite stability Tensile deformation Stacking fault energy Medium Mn steel

Carbonaceous aerosol in ambient air: Parallel measurements between water cyclone and carbon analyzer

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Particuology 2019年第3期17卷 153-158页

作者： Min-Suk Bae james j. Schwab Da-jeong Park Zang-Ho Shon Ki-hyun Kim Department of Environmental Engineering Mokpo National University Muan South Korea Atmospheric Sciences Research Center University at Albany State University of New York 251 Fuller Road Albany NY 12203 USA Environmental Analysis Center Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju South Korea Department of Environmental Engineering Dong-Eui University Busan South Korea Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hanyang University Seoul South Korea

A water cyclone,developed to collect and preserve biological aerosols in a small liquid flow,was interfaced with a total organic carbon analyzer to measure the aerosol organic and inorganic carbon *** total carbon was compared against parallel measurements of elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) using a Sunset Real Time ECOC Analyzer between 12-29 january 2009.A National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) like protocol for the measurements included four temperature steps ending at 840 ℃ for OC under a helium atmosphere followed by two temperature steps ramped to 850 ℃ for EC in a helium-oxygen atmosphere,Carbon data comparison between the water cyclone-TOC and the TOC measured by the analyzer indicated good agreement (r2 =0.82,linear regression slope =0.98,p yses of the relationship between total water organic carbon and OC,investigated using data sets from case studies spanning two different events,suggested it was possible to distinguish between the primary and secondary sources.

关键词： Water soluble organic carbon Total organic carbon Carbonaceous material

Finite-size correction for slab supercell calculations of materials with spontaneous polarization

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 520-528页

作者： Su-hyun yoo Mira Todorova Darshana Wickramaratne Leigh Weston Chris GVan de Walle jörg Neugebauer Department of Computational Materials Design Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbHDüsseldorfGermany Materials Department University of California Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCAUSA Center for Computational Materials Science US Naval Research LaboratoryWashingtonDCUSA

The repeated slab approach has become a de facto standard to accurately describe surface properties of materials by density functional theory calculations with periodic boundary *** materials exhibiting spontaneous polarization,we show that the conventional scheme of passivation with pseudo hydrogen is unable to realize a charge-neutral *** presence of a net surface charge induces via Gauss’s law a macroscopic electric field through the slab and results in poor size convergence with respect to the thickness of the *** propose a modified passivation method that accounts for the effect of spontaneous polarization,describes the correct bulk limits and boosts convergence with respect to slab *** robustness,reliability,and superior convergence of energetics and electronic structure achieved by the proposed method are demonstrated using the example of polar ZnO surfaces.

关键词： surface convergence size

Adhesive ginsenoside compound K patches for cartilage tissue regeneration

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2023年第1期10卷 1442-1450页

作者： jun-Ho yang hyun Ho Shin Donghyeon Kim ji hyun Ryu Eun-jung jin Department of Biological Sciences College of Health SciencesWonkwang UniversityIksanJeonbuk 54538South Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Wonkwang UniversityIksanJeonbuk 54538South Korea Department of Carbon Convergence Engineering Wonkwang UniversityIksanJeonbuk 54538South Korea Integrated Omics Institute Wonkwang UniversityIksanJeonbuk 54538South Korea

Biomaterial-based drug delivery systems have been developed to expedite cartilage regeneration;however,challenges related to drug recovery,validation,and efficient drug delivery *** instance,compound K(CK)is a major metabolite of ginsenosides that is known to protect against joint degeneration by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines and the activation of immune ***,its effects on cartilage degradation and tissue regeneration remain ***,tissue-adhesive drug delivery depots that stably adhere to cartilage defects are required for CK *** this study,CK-loaded adhesive patches were reported to seal cartilage defects and deliver CK to defect sites,preventing cartilage degradation and accelerating cartilage tissue *** patches are stable and suitable for application in surgical procedures under physiological conditions and show excellent adhesiveness to cartilage *** addition,there were no significant differences in the adhesive polymeric networks before and after CK ***-loaded hydrocaffeic acid-conjugated chitosan patches significantly inhibited the stimulation of cartilage-degrading enzymes and apoptosis in osteoarthritic cartilage by releasing CK in cartilage ***,the NFkB signaling pathway of released CK from the adhesive patches in the treatment of osteoarthritis is ***,the CK-loaded adhesive patches are expected to significantly contribute to cartilage regeneration.

关键词： ginsenoside compound K adhesive patch drug delivery hydrocaffeic acid-conjugated chitosan osteoarthritis

Dislocation characteristics and dynamic recrystallization in hot deformed AM30 and AZ31 alloys

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第12期10卷 3495-3505页

作者： Hyeon-Woo Son Soong-Keun hyun Metallic Materials Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Republic of Korea

Zn addition to Mg alloys activates non-basal slip or twinning with solute softening *** the other hand,the effects of the Zn solute on the macroscopic dislocation behavior and dynamic recrystallization are not completely ***,it is unclear ifslip can be affected by changes in the c/a ratio of solute *** study was conducted to understand the solute strengthening of Zn addition and its effects on the dislocation characteristics and dynamic recrystallization.A hot torsion test was performed on both AM30 and AZ31 alloys up to a high strain to investigate the Zn solute effect on the dislocation characteristics and dynamic *** dislocation components of the hot torsioned alloys were evaluated by X-ray line profile analysis and electron backscatter *** results showed that the Zn solutes slightly accelerate strain accumulation at the initial stages of hot deformation,which accelerated recrystallization at high *** dislocation characteristics were changed dynamically by Zn addition:fortified-type slip,dislocation arrangement and strain anisotropy *** most important point was that the dislocation characteristics were changed dramatically at the critical strain for recrystallization and high strain *** addition of Zn also acted greatly in these strain *** indicates that the rapid formation of-type slip at the serrated grain boundaries occurs at the initiation of dynamic recrystallization and the increase in the grain triple junction because grain refinement has a great influence on the dislocation characteristics at high strain.

关键词： Magnesium alloy X-ray line profile Solid solution Dislocation density Dynamic recrystallization

Prediction of clinically actionable genetic alterations from colorectal cancer histopathology images using deep learning

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第40期26卷 6207-6223页

作者： hyun-jong jang Ahwon Lee j Kang In Hye Song Sung Hak Lee Department of Physiology Department of Biomedicine and Health SciencesCatholic Neuroscience InstituteThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591South Korea Department of Hospital Pathology Seoul St.Mary’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591South Korea

BACKGROUND Identifying genetic mutations in cancer patients have been increasingly important because distinctive mutational patterns can be very informative to determine the optimal therapeutic strategy. Recent studies have shown that deep learning-based molecular cancer subtyping can be performed directly from the standard hematoxylin and eosin(H&E) sections in diverse tumors including colorectal cancers(CRCs). Since H&E-stained tissue slides are ubiquitously available, mutation prediction with the pathology images from cancers can be a time-and cost-effective complementary method for personalized *** To predict the frequently occurring actionable mutations from the H&E-stained CRC whole-slide images(WSIs) with deep learning-based *** A total of 629 CRC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA-COAD and TCGA-READ) and 142 CRC patients from Seoul St. Mary Hospital(SMH) were included. Based on the mutation frequency in TCGA and SMH datasets, we chose APC, KRAS, PIK3CA, SMAD4, and TP53 genes for the study. The classifiers were trained with 360 × 360 pixel patches of tissue images. The receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves and area under the curves(AUCs) for all the classifiers were *** The AUCs for ROC curves ranged from 0.693 to 0.809 for the TCGA frozen WSIs and from 0.645 to 0.783 for the TCGA formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded *** prediction performance can be enhanced with the expansion of datasets. When the classifiers were trained with both TCGA and SMH data, the prediction performance was *** APC, KRAS, PIK3CA, SMAD4, and TP53 mutations can be predicted from H&E pathology images using deep learning-based classifiers, demonstrating the potential for deep learning-based mutation prediction in the CRC tissue slides.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Mutation Deep learning Computational pathology Computer-aided diagnosis Digital pathology

Contrast in Fluid M etallogeny between the Tianmashan Au-S Deposit and the Datuanshan Cu Deposit in Tongling,Anhui Province

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2003年第1期77卷 116-124页

作者： LEE hyun Koo Depatment of Geology Chungnam National University 220 Kungdong Yuseong Ku Taejon 305-764 Republic of Korea

A comprehensive contrast of ore-forming geological background and ore-forming fluid features, especially fluid ore-forming processes, has been performed between the Tianmashan and the Datuanshan ore deposits in Tongling, Anhui Province. The major reasons for the formation of the stratabound skarn Au-S ore deposit in Tianmashan and the stratabound skarn Cu ore deposit in Datuanshan are analyzed in accordance with this contrast. The magmatic pluton in Tianmashan is rich in Au and poor in Cu, but that in Datuanshan is rich in Cu and Au. The wallrock strata in Tianmashan contain Au-bearing pyrite layers with some organic substance but those in Datuanshan contain no such layers. Moreover, the ore-forming fluids in Tianmashan are dominantly magmatic ones at the oxide and sulfide stages, but those with high content of Cu in Datuanshan are mainly groundwater fluids. In addition, differences in compositional evolution and physicochemical condition variation of the ore-forming fluids result in gradual dispersion

关键词： fluid inclusion fluid ore-forming process contrast in fluid metallogeny Au-S ore deposit Cu ore deposit magmatic fluid groundwater fluid Tongling Anhui Province

Laboratory investigation of the anisotropic confinement-dependent brittle-ductile transition of a Utah coal

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International journal of Mining Science and Technology 2021年第1期31卷 51-57页

作者： Bo-hyun Kim Mark K.Larson Mine Safety Branch CDC/NIOSH/SMRDSpokaneWA 99207USA

This paper was developed as part of an effort by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH)to identify risk factors associated with bumps in the prevention of fatalities and accidents in highly stressed,bump-prone ground *** of failure mechanism with increasing confinement,from extensional-to shear-dominated failure,are widely observed in the rupture of intact specimens at the laboratory scale and in rock *** the previous analysis conducted in 2018,both unconfined and triaxial compressive tests were conducted to investigate the strength characteristics of some specimens of a Utah coal,including the spalling limits,the ratio of apparent unconfined compressive strength(AUCS)to unconfined compressive strength(UCS),the damage characteristics,and the postyield *** mechanical characteristics were found to be strongly anisotropic as a function of the orientation of the cleats relative to the loading ***,the transition from extensional to shear failure at the given confinements was not clearly *** this study,a total of 20 specimens were additionally prepared from the same coal sample used in the previous study and then tested under both unconfined and triaxial compressive *** different confining stresses are used as analogs for different width-to-height(W/H)ratios of pillar *** the W/H ratios of the specimens were not directly considered during testing,the equivalent W/H ratios of a pillar as a function of the confining stresses were estimated using an existing empirical *** to this relationship,theW/H atwhich in-situ pillar behavior would be expected to transition from brittle to ductile is identified.

关键词： Bump-prone ground conditions A Utah coal Anisotropic Equivalent W/H ratios of a pillar