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Effect of Alstonia scholaris bark extract on testicular function of Wistar rats

Asian Journal of Andrology 2002年第3期4卷 175-178页

作者： R. S. Gupta Rakhi Sharma Aruna Sharma A.K. Bhatnager M.P. Dobhal y.c. joshi M.c. Sharma Reproduction Physiology Section Department of Zoology University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302004 IndiaReproduction Physiology Section Department of Zoology University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302004 IndiaReproduction Physiology Section Department of Zoology University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302004 IndiaDepartment of Chemistry S.S. Jain Subodh P.G. College Jaipur-302004 IndiaRoswell Park Cancer Institute Elm & Carlton Streets Buffalo New York 14263 USADepartment of Chemistry University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302004 IndiaDepartment of Chemistry University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302004 India

Abstract Aim: To evaluate the antifertility effect ofAlstonia scholaris bark extract in male rats. Methods: In male Wistar rats Alstonia scholaris bark extract was given by oral route at a dose of 200 mg/day for 60 days. The fertility and testicular function were assessed by mating tests, sperm motility, sperm concentration, biochemical indices and testicular cell population dynamics. Results: Oral feeding with the extract at a dose of 200 mg/day for the period of 60 days did not cause body weight loss, while the weights of testes, epididymides, seminal vesicle and ventral prostate were significantly reduced. The production of step-19 spermatids was reduced by 79.6% in treated rats. The population of preleptotene and pachytene spermatocytes were decreased by 61.9% and 60.1%, respectively. Spermatogonia and Sertoli cell population were also affected. The seminiferous tubule and Leydig cell nuclear area were reduced significantly (Pcompared to the controls. Reduced sperm count and motility resulted in a total suppression of fertility. A significant fall in the protein and sialic acid content of the testes, epididymides, seminal vesicle and ventral prostate as well as glycogen content of testes were also noticed. The fructose content in the seminal vesicle was lowered whereas the testicular cholesterol was elevated as compared with the controls. The following compounds were obtained from the extract with chromatographic separation over Si-gel column: α-amyrin, β-amyrin, lupiol acetate, venenative, rhazine and yohimbine. conclusion: At the dose level employed, Alstonia scholaris bark extract has a significant antifertility effect in male rats; the primary site of action may be post meiotic germ cells (Step 19 spermatids).

关键词： Alstonia scholaris testis sperm motility sialic acid Sertoli cells

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Assessing intersectional gender analysis in Nepal’s health management information system: a case study on tuberculosis for inclusive health systems

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 52-62页

作者： Parajuli Ayuska Kakchapati Sampurna Arjyal Abriti joshi Deepak Kharel chandani del Barrio Mariam Otmani Baral Sushil c HERD International Saibu Awas Cr-Marga Bhaisepati Lalitpur Nepal UNIcEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland

Background Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in Nepal, high in settings marked by prevalent gender and social inequities. Various social stratifiers intersect, either privileging or oppressing individuals based on their characteristics and contexts, thereby increasing risks, vulnerabilities and marganilisation associated with TB. This study aimed to assess the inclusiveness of gender and other social stratifiers in key health related national policies and the Health Management Information System (HMIS) of National Tuberculosis Programme (NTP) by.c.nducting an intersectional analysis of TB cases recorded via *** A desk review of key policies and the NTP’s HMIS was conducted. Retrospective intersectional analysis utilized two secondary data sources: annual NTP report (2017–2021) and records of 628 TB cases via HMIS 6.5 from two TB centres (2017/18–2018/19). chi-square test and multi-variate analysis was used to assess the association between social stratifers and types of TB, registration category and treatment *** Gender, social inclusion and concept of intersectionality are incorporated into various health policies and strategies but lack effective implementation. NTP has initiated the collection of age, sex, ethnicity and location data since 2014/15 through the HMIS. However, only age and sex disaggregated data are routinely reported, leaving recorded social stratifiers of TB patients static without analysis and dissemination. Furthermore, findings from the intersectional analysis using TB secondary data, showed that male more than 25 years exhibited higher odds [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 4.95, 95% confidence interval (cI): 1.60–19.06,P = 0.01)] of successful outcome compared to male TB patients less than 25 years. Similarly, sex was significantly associated with types of TB (P cantly associated with patient registration category (old/new cases).conclusio

关键词： Tuberculosis Intersectional gender analysis Gender and social inequities Social determinant Health Management Information System National Tuberculosis Programme Social inclusion Gender

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Optimization of variables and assessment of in-vitro and in-vivo antihyperlipidemic activity of Eudragit RS nanoparticles containing simvastatin

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 189-198页

作者： Bina Gidwani Vishal Jain Veenu joshi Ravindra Kumar Pandey Shiv Shankar Shukla Amber Vyas columbia Institute of Pharmacy Raipur(C.G.)India University Institute of Pharmacy Pt Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur(C.G.)India center for Basic Science and Research Pt Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur(C.G.)India

Simvastatin, a BcS class II drug, is associated with poor aqueous solubility, first-pass metabolism and short half-life. In the present work, nanoparticles were prepared and evaluated. Optimization of formulation and process parameters was done through the use of independent and dependent variables. Preliminary studies were done to determine suitable range of the concentration of Eudragit polymer (10%–30%) and the ratio of drug to polymer (1:1 to 1:5) for the formation of nanoparticles by emulsification and a solvent evaporation technique. Results revealed that the mean size of nanoparticles was affected by stirring speed from 5000 RPM, 8000 RPM, and 12000 RPM. The results of increase in association efficiency and percent yield with increase in amount of drug from 100 mg, 150 mg, and 200 mg in selected range were observed. In-vitro release studies showed that two formulations possess highest initial burst and slow sustained drug release. There was 2.93-fold decrease in total cholesterol and 3.27-fold increases in triglyceride level during in-vivo study.

关键词： Simvastatin Eudragit RS 100 Nanoparticles Hyperlipidemia

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Efficacy of a Diabetes Specific Nutritional Supplement (DSNS) on Glycemic Response in Prediabetic Adults: A Two-Armed, Open-Labelled Randomized controlled Study

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 612-643页

作者： Deepti Khanna Kejal joshi Reddy Hema S. Gopalan Jaladhi Bhatt Jayanti Gupta Simran Sethi Parth joshi Manoj Pareek Department of R&D Hindustan Unilever Limited Gurugram India Mumbai India cliantha Research Ahmedabad India

It is well known that Diabetes Specific Nutritional Supplements (DSNSs) are linked to improved glycemic control in individuals with diabetes. However, data on efficacy of DSNSs in prediabetics is limited. This was a two-armed, open-labelled, randomized controlled six-week study on 199 prediabetics [30 - 65 years;Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) 5.7% - 6.4% and/or Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) 100-125 mg/dl]. Two parallel phases were conducted: Acute Blood Glucose Response (ABGR) and Intervention phase. Prediabetic participants were randomized into test (n = 100) and control (n = 99). The primary objective was to assess the ABGR of DSNS versus an isocaloric snack, measured by incremental Area under the curve (iAUc). Test and control received 60 g of DSNS and 56 g of isocaloric snack (cornflakes) respectively, both in 250 ml double-toned milk on visit days 1, 15, 29 and 43. Postprandial Blood Glucose (PPG) was estimated at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes. During the 4 weeks intervention phase, the test group received DSNS with lifestyle counselling (DSNS + Lc) and was compared with the control receiving lifestyle counselling alone (Lc alone). Impact was studied on FBG, HbA1c, anthropometry, body.c.mposition, blood pressure, nutrient intake, and physical activity. The impact of DSNS was also studied using cGM between two 14-day phases: cGM1 baseline (days 1 - 14) and cGM2 endline (days 28 - 42). DSNS showed significantly lower PPG versus isocaloric snack at 30 (p 12, and chromium were reported by DSNS + Lc versus Lc alone. No other significant changes were reported between groups. It may be concluded that DSNS may be considered as a snack for prediabetic or hyperglycemic individuals requiring nutritional support for improved glycemic control.

关键词： Diabetes Specific Nutritional Supplement Prediabetes Acute Blood Glucose Response Incremental Area under curve Lifestyle counselling

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A One Health approach to fight antimicrobial resistance in Uganda: Implementation experience, results, and lessons learned

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Biosafety and Health 2024年第2期6卷 125-132页

作者： Reuben Kiggundu J.P.Waswa Niranjan Konduri Hassan Kasuja Marion Murungi Patrick Vudriko Harriet Akello Eric Lugada cecilia Muiva Esther Were Dinah Tjipura Henry Kajumbula Kate Kikule Emmanuel Nfor Mohan P.joshi USAID Medicines Technologiesand Pharmaceutical Services ProgramManagement Sciences for HealthKampala 256Uganda USAID Medicines Technologiesand Pharmaceutical Services ProgramManagement Sciences for HealthArlingtonVA 22203USA college of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and BiosecurityMakerere UniversityKampala 256Uganda Ministry of Health Uganda Kampala 256Uganda USAID Strengthening Supply.c.ain Systems Activity Management Sciences for HealthKampala 256Uganda USAID Medicines Technologiesand Pharmaceutical Services ProgramManagement Sciences for HealthNairobi 254Kenya Department of Microbiology College of Health SciencesMakerere UniversityKampala 256Uganda

Uganda has been implementing the Global Health Security Agenda(GHSA)since 2015 to build its capacity according to World Health Organization(WHO)Benchmarks on International Health Regulations *** country remains prone to outbreaks,with more than 20 disease outbreaks reported in the past five years,including Ebola virus disease,crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever,Marburg haemorrhagic fever,measles,yellow fever,coronavirus disease 2019(cOVID-19),and *** resistance(AMR)is an ongoing *** scored capacity level 3 on infection prevention and control(IPc)and antimicrobial stewardship(AMS)in the 2017 Joint External Evaluation(JEE)*** gaps were being addressed after a self-assessment in *** paper describes the technical assistance approaches provided to Uganda by the Medicines,Technologies,and Pharmaceutical Services Program,funded by the United States(U.S.)Agency for International Development,and implemented by Management Sciences for *** program,through a One Health approach,supported systematic capacity strengthening based on the JEE's capacity advancement framework for global health security,specifically relating to *** program's interventions impacted 32 WHO benchmark actions(7 for AMR multisectoral coordination,16 for IPc,and 9 for AMS),contributing to Uganda's strengthened GHSA *** success built on the AMR platform,the program trained 745 health workers in IPc for the Ebola virus and provided support for simulation exercises by eight district IPc *** program also worked with the Ministry of Health to coordinate IPc for the cOVID-19 response in five health regions,covering 45 districts and reaching 5,452 health workers at 858 health facilities.

关键词： One health Antimicrobial resistance Antibiotic resistance Jointexternal evaluation Global health security Uganda Africa WHO Benchmarks for International Health Regulations capacities

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Transfusion-transmitted virus in association with hepatitis A-E viral infections in various forms of liver diseases in India

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第15期12卷 2432-2436页

作者： M Irshad y Sharma I Dhar J Singh yK joshi clinical Biochemistry Division Department of Laboratory Medicine All India Institute of Medical SciencesAnsari NagarNew Delhi 110029India Department of Gastroenterology & Human Nutrition Unit All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari NagarNew Delhi-110029India

AIM： To describe the prevalence of transfusiontransmitted virus （TTV） infection in association with hepatitis A-E viral infections in different forms of liver diseases in North India. METHODS： Sera from a total number of 137 patients, including 37 patients with acute viral hepatitis （AVH）, 37 patients with chronic viral hepatitis （cVH）, 31 patients with cirrhosis of liver and 32 patients with fulminant hepatic failure （FHF）, were analyzed both for TTV-DNA and hepatitis A-E viral markers. Presence of hepatitis B virus （HBV）, hepatitis c virus （HcV） and hepatitis E virus （HEV） infections was detected in different proportions in different groups. Moreover, rrV-DNA was simultaneously tested in 100 healthy blood donors also. RESULTS： None of the patients had hepatitis A virus （HAV） and hepatitis D virus （HDV） infections. Overall prevalence of TTV-DNA was detected in 27.1% cases with AVH, 18.9% cases with cVH, 48.4% cases with cirrhosis and 9.4% cases with FHF. TTV-DNA simultaneously tested in 100 healthy blood donors showed 27% positivity. On establishing a relation between TTV infection with other hepatitis viral infections, TTV demonstrated co-infection with HBV, HcV and HEV in these disease groups. correlation of TTV with ALT level in sera did not demonstrate high ALT level in TTV-infected patients, suggesting that TI-V does not cause severe liver damage. cONcLUSION： TTV infection is prevalent both in patients and healthy individuals in India. However, it does not have any significant correlation with other hepatitis viral infections, nor does it produce an evidence of severe liver damage in patients with liver diseases.

关键词： Transfusion-transmitted virus HcV hepatitis AVH

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Efficacy of a Diabetes Specific Nutrition Supplement on Glycemic, Anthropometric, Dietary and Gut Health Markers in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: An RcT

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 846-867页

作者： Deepti Khanna Hema S. Gopalan Kuzhandaivelu Abirami Vasudevan Sudha Rajagopal Gayatri Kejal joshi-Reddy Jaladhi Bhatt Raman Ganesh Jeevan Karthikeyan Parkavi Vadivel Deepika Manoj Pareek Ranjit Mohan Anjana Viswanathan Mohan R&D Department Hindustan Unilever Limited Gurugram India Department of Foods Nutrition & Dietetics Research Madras Diabetes Research Foundation Chennai India Department of Diabetology Dr. Mohans Diabetes Specialities Centre Chennai India

With increasing incidence of diabetes, use of diabetes specific nutrition supplements (DSNS) is common for better management of the disease. To study effect of 12-week DSNS supplementation on glycemic markers, anthropometry, lipid profile, ScFAs, and gut microbiome in individuals with diabetes. Markers studied were glycemic [Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), Post Prandial Glucose (PPG), HbA1c, Incremental Area under curve (iAUc), Mean Amplitude of Glycemic Excursions (MAGE), Time in/above Range (TIR/TAR)], anthropometry [weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (Wc)], lipid profile, diet and gut health [plasma short chain fatty acids (ScFAs)]. N = 210 adults were randomized to receive either DSNS with standard care (DSNS + Sc;n = 105) or standard care alone (Sc alone;n = 105). After 12 weeks, significant differences between DSNS + Sc versus Sc alone was observed in FBG [−3 ± 6 vs 14 ± 6 mg/dl;p = 0.03], PPG [−35 ± 9 vs −3 ± 9 mg/dl;p = 0.01], weight [−0.6 ± 0.1 vs 0.2 ± 0.1 kg;p = 0.0001], BMI [−0.3 ± 0.1 vs 0.1 ± 0.1 kg/m2;p = 0.0001] and Wc [−0.3 ± 0.2 vs 0.2 ± 0.2 cm;p = 0.01]. HbA1c and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were significantly reduced in DSNS + Sc [−0.2 ± 0.9;p = 0.04 and −5 mg/dl;p = 0.03] respectively with no change in control. continuous Glucose Monitoring (cGM) reported significant differences between DSNS + Sc versus Sc alone for mean glucose [−12 ± 65 vs 28 ± 93 mg/dl;p c [−192 (1.1) vs −48 (1.1) mg/dl;p = 0.03]. MAGE was significantly reduced for both DSNS + Sc (−19 ± 67;p c alone (−8 ± 70;p = 0.04), with reduction being more pronounced for DSNS + Sc. DSNS + Sc reported a decrease in carbohydrate energy % [−9.4 (−11.3, −7.6) %;p creased dietary fiber [9.5 (7.2, 11.8) g;p y % [0.9 (0.5, 1.3) %;p c alone. DSNS + Sc reported signi

关键词： Diabetes Specific Nutrition Supplement Standard of care Diabetes Glycemic Markers HbA1c

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Hybrid artificial neural networks and analytical model for prediction of optical constants and bandgap energy of 3D nanonetwork silicon structures

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2021年第10期4卷 11-23页

作者： Shreeniket joshi Amirkianoosh Kiani Micro/Nano Manufacturing Facility Faculty of Engineering and Applied ScienceOntario Tech University2000 Simcoe St NOshawaOntario L1G 0C5Canada

The aim of this study is to develop a reliable method to determine optical constants for 3D-nanonetwork Si thin films manufactured using a pulsed-laser ablation technique that can be applied to other materials synthesized by this *** analytical method was introduced to calculate optical constants from reflectance and transmittance *** band gaps for this novel material and other important insights on the physical properties were derived from the optical *** existing optimization methods described in the literature were found to be complex and prone to errors while determining optical constants of opaque materials where only reflectance data is available.A supervised Deep Learning Algorithm was developed to accurately predict optical constants from the reflectance spectrum *** hybrid method introduced in this study was proved to be effective with an accuracy of 95%.

关键词： 3D nanonetwork nanostructures optical properties artificial neural network.

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Long-term photometric study of a faint W UMa binary in the direction of M31

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第11期17卷 59-70页

作者： yogesh chandra joshi Rukmini Jagirdar Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences Manora Peak Nainital 263002 India center for Advanced Study in Astronomy Osmania University 500007 India

We carry out a re-analysis of the photometric data in Rclc bands which were taken during the Nainital Microlensing Survey from 1998 to 2002 with the aim to detect gravitational microlensing events in the direction of M31. Here, we do photometric analysis of a faint W UMa binary.c.S_JO04259.3＋410629 identified in the target field. The orbital period of this star is found to be 0.266402±0.000018 d. The photometric mass ratio, q, is found to be 0.28±0.01. The photometric light curves are investigated using the Wilson-Devinney （WD） code and absolute parameters are determined using empirical relations which provide masses and radii of the binary as M1 = 1.19±0.09M⊙, M2 = 0.33±0.02M⊙ and R1 = 1.02±0.04R⊙, R2 = 0.58±0.08Re respectively based on Rc band data. Quite similar values are found by analyzing/c band data. From the photometric light curve examination, the star is understood to be a low mass-ratio overcontact binary of A-subtype with a high fill-out factor of about 47%. The binary system is found to be located approximately at a distance of 2.64±0.03 kpc having a separation of 2.01 ±0.05 Re between the two components.

关键词： methods: observational -- techniques: photometric -- binaries: eclipsing -- stars: funda- mental parameters

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Effect of hole-transporting materials on the photovoltaic performance and stability of all-ambient-processed perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy.c.emistry 2017年第3期26卷 584-591页

作者： Nanaji Islavath S Saroja K Srinivas Reddy P c Harikesh G Veerappan Shrikant V joshi Easwaramoorthi Ramasamy centre for Solar Energy Materials International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials(ARCI)Hyderabad 500005India

High-efficiency perovskite solar cells（PScs） reported hitherto have been mostly prepared in a moisture and oxygen-free glove-box atmosphere, which hampers upscaling and real-time performance assessment of this exciting photovoltaic technology. In this work, we have systematically studied the feasibility of allambient-processing of PScs and evaluated their photovoltaic performance. It has been shown that phasepure crystalline tetragonal MAPbI;perovskite films are instantly formed in ambient air at room temperature by a two-step spin coating process, undermining the need for dry atmosphere and ***-ambient-processed PScs with a configuration of FTO/TiO;/MAPbI;/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au achieve opencircuit voltage（990 mV） and short-circuit current density（20.31 mA/cm;） comparable to those of best reported glove-box processed devices. Nevertheless, device power conversion efficiency is still constrained at 5% by the unusually low fill-factor of 0.25. Dark current–voltage characteristics reveal poor conductivity of hole-transporting layer caused by lack of oxidized spiro-OMe TAD species, resulting in high seriesresistance and decreased fill-factor. The study also establishes that the above limitations can be readily overcome by employing an inorganic p-type semiconductor, copper thiocyanate, as ambient-processable hole-transporting layer to yield a fill-factor of 0.54 and a power conversion efficiency of 7.19%. The present findings can have important implications in industrially viable fabrication of large-area PScs.

关键词： Perovskite Ambient processing Solar cell Hole transport Series resistance

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