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Chemical vapor deposition making better lithium-sulfur batteries

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Science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2013-2016页

作者： yingze song Lixian song Menglei Wang Wenlong Cai State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials School of Materials and ChemistrySouthwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China School of Material Science and Engineering Henan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 450001China Department of Advanced Energy Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China

The burgeoning demand for modern electronic devices and electric vehicles has driven the development of efficient,reliable,and environmentally friendly batteries[1,2].Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries with high theoretical capacity(1672 mA h g1)and energy density(2600 W h kg1),have garnered significant interest in both academic and industrial research[3,4].However,the widespread production and commercialization of Li–S batteries are impeded by the inherent characteristics of sulfur and lithium,along with their complex electrochemical ***,challenges such as the polysulfide shuttle effect and the slow kinetics of the sulfur nucleation/decomposition reaction hinder capacity utilization and cycling *** overcome these challenges,innovative electrocatalyst strategies aimed at enhancing activity have been explored.

关键词： lithium overcome cycling

Evaluating quality of motion for unsupervised video object segmentation

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Optoelectronics Letters 2024年第6期20卷 379-384页

作者： CHENG Guanjun song Huihui Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis Technology Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologyNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China12

Current mainstream unsupervised video object segmentation(UVOS) approaches typically incorporate optical flow as motion information to locate the primary objects in coherent video frames. However, they fuse appearance and motion information without evaluating the quality of the optical flow. When poor-quality optical flow is used for the interaction with the appearance information, it introduces significant noise and leads to a decline in overall performance. To alleviate this issue, we first employ a quality evaluation module(QEM) to evaluate the optical flow. Then, we select high-quality optical flow as motion cues to fuse with the appearance information, which can prevent poor-quality optical flow from diverting the network's attention. Moreover, we design an appearance-guided fusion module(AGFM) to better integrate appearance and motion information. Extensive experiments on several widely utilized datasets, including DAVIS-16, FBMS-59, and you Tube-Objects, demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms existing methods.

关键词： Evaluating quality of motion for unsupervised video object segmentation

Bactericidal bissulfone B7 targets bacterial pyruvate kinase to impair bacterial biology and pathogenicity in plants

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 391-402页

作者： Awei Zhang Haizhen Zhang Ronghua Wang Hongfu He Baoan song Runjiang song National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringMinistry of EducationCenter for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

The prevention and control of rice bacterial leaf blight(BLB)disease has not yet been achieved due to the lack of effective agrochemicals and available ***,we develop a series of novel bissulfones and a novel target with a unique mechanism to address this *** developed bissulfones can control Xanthomonas oryzae ***(Xoo),and 2-(bis(methylsulfonyl)methylene)-N-(4-chlorophenyl)hydrazine-1-carboxamide(B_(7))is more effective than the commercial drugs thiodiazole copper(TC)and bismerthiazol(BT).Pyruvate kinase(PyK)in Xoo has been identified for the first time as the target protein of our bissulfone B_(7).PyK modulates bacterial virulence via a CRP-like protein(Clp)/two-component system regulatory protein(reg R)*** elucidation of this pathway facilitates the use of B_(7)to reduce PyK expression at the transcriptional level,block PyK activity at the protein level,and impair the interaction within the PyK-Clp-reg R complex via competitive inhibition,thereby attenuating bacterial biology and *** study offers insights into the molecular and mechanistic aspects underlying anti-Xoo strategies that target *** believe that these valuable discoveries will be used for bacterial disease control in the future.

关键词： 2-bissulfone-N-phenylhydrazine-1-carboxamide derivatives Xoo antibacterial activities pyruvate kinase regulatory mechanism

Optimizing profile line interval for enhanced accuracy in rock joint morphology and shear strength assessments

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第5期34卷 587-608页

作者： Leibo song Quan Jiang Shigui Du Jiamin song Gang Wang yanting Gu Xingkai Wang Jinzhong Wu School of Civil Engineering Shaoxing UniversityShaoxing 312000China Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics and Geohazards of Zhejiang Province Shaoxing UniversityShaoxing 312000China State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China Institute of Rock Mechanics Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China

2D profile lines play a critical role in cost-effectively evaluating rock joint properties and shear ***, the interval(ΔI_(L)) between these lines significantly impacts roughness and shear strength assessments. A detailed study of 45 joint samples using four statistical measures across 500 different ΔI_(L)values identified a clear line interval effect with two stages: stable and *** statistical analysis showed a linear relationship between the error bounds of four parameters,shear strength evaluation, and their corresponding maximum ΔI_(L)values, where the gradient k of this linear relationship was influenced by the basic friction angle and normal stress. Accounting for these factors,lower-limit linear models were employed to determine the optimal ΔI_(L)values that met error tolerances(1%–10%) for all metrics and shear strength. The study also explored the consistent size effect on joints regardless of ΔI_(L)changes, revealing three types of size effects based on morphological ***, larger joints required generally higher ΔI_(L)to maintain the predefined error limits, suggesting an increased interval for large joint analyses. Consequently, this research provides a basis for determining the optimal ΔI_(L), improving accuracy in 2D profile line assessments of joint characteristics.

关键词： Rock joint Roughness Shear strength Size effect Profile line interval effect

On-chip physiological mimicry of neurovascular unit: challenges and perspectives

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 499-500页

作者： song Ih Ahn yongTae Kim School of Mechanical Engineering Pusan National UniversityBusanSouth Korea George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Parker H.Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Wallace H.Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA

Neurological disorders including neurodegenerative diseases,brain tumors,and stroke are the second leading cause of death and the greatest cause of disability ***,it remains challenging to achieve effective drug delivery to the central nervous system for treatments of neurological diseases due to the blood-brain barrier(BBB).The function of the BBB is regulated by the physiological interactions between various types of cells in the neurovascular unit(NVU).In the NVU,the brain vasculature of the BBB is surrounded by brain pericytes,brain astrocytes,neurons,and microglia(Figure 1).Moreover,the NVU at the levels of arteries and veins includes contractile smooth muscle cells(Schaeffer and Iadecola,2021).

关键词： diseases death arteries

Stationary Almost Markov ε-Equilibria for Discounted Stochastic Games with Borel Spaces and Unbounded Payoffs

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第4期37卷 1672-1684页

作者： WU yiting ZHANG Junyu HUANG song School of Mathematics Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China School of Software and Microelectronics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

This paper is concerned with nonzero-sum discrete-time stochastic games in Borel state and action spaces under the expected discounted payoff *** payoff function can be *** transition probability is a convex combination of finite probability measures that are dominated by a probability measure on the state space and depend on the state *** suitable conditions,the authors establish the existence of stationary almost Markov ε-equilibria and give an approximation method via some stochastic games with bounded ***,a production game is introduced to illustrate the applications of the main result,which generalizes the bounded payoff case.

关键词： Almost Markovε-equilibrium Borel state space expected discounted payoff criterion nonzero-sum stochastic games unbounded payoffs

Design,fabrication,and characterization of hierarchical mechanical metamaterials

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第1期19卷 73-83页

作者： Jian song Junfei yAN Bengang yI Automotive Engineering Research Institute BYD Auto Industry Co.Ltd.Shenzhen 518000China College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Natural mechanical materials,such as bamboo and bone,often exhibit superior specific mechanical properties due to their hierarchical porous *** the principle of hierarchy as inspiration can facilitate the development of hierarchical mechanical metamaterials(HMMs)across multiple length scales via 3D *** this work,we propose self-similar HMMs that combine octet-truss(OCT)architecture as the first and second orders,with cubic architecture as the third or more *** HMMs were fabricated using stereolithography 3D printing,with the length sizes ranging from approximately 200µm to the centimeter *** compressive stress–strain behaviors of HMMs exhibit a zigzag characteristic,and the toughness and energy absorption can be significantly enhanced by the hierarchical *** compressive moduli are comparable to that of natural materials,and the strengths are superior to that of most polymer/metal foams,alumina hollow/carbon lattices,and other natural ***,the flexural stress–strain curves exhibit a nonlinear behavior,which can be attributed to the hierarchical architecture and local damage *** relatively high mechanical properties can be attributed to the synergistic effect of the stretch-dominated OCT architecture and the bending-dominated cube ***,an ultralight HMM-integrated unmanned aerial vehicle(HMM-UAV)was successfully designed and *** HMM-UAV is~85%lighter than its bulk counterpart,remarkably extending the flight duration time(~53%).This work not only provides an effective design strategy for HMMs but also further expands the application benchmark of HMMs.

关键词： 3D printing mechanical metamaterials hierarchical architecture mechanical behavior unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)

Assessments of Data-Driven Deep Learning Models on One-Month Predictions of Pan-Arctic Sea Ice Thickness

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第7期41卷 1379-1390页

作者： Chentao song Jiang ZHU Xichen LI Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

In recent years,deep learning methods have gradually been applied to prediction tasks related to Arctic sea ice concentration,but relatively little research has been conducted for larger spatial and temporal scales,mainly due to the limited time coverage of observations and reanalysis ***,deep learning predictions of sea ice thickness(SIT)have yet to receive ample *** this study,two data-driven deep learning(DL)models are built based on the ConvLSTM and fully convolutional U-net(FC-Unet)algorithms and trained using CMIP6 historical simulations for transfer learning and fine-tuned using reanalysis/*** models enable monthly predictions of Arctic SIT without considering the complex physical processes *** comprehensive assessments of prediction skills by season and region,the results suggest that using a broader set of CMIP6 data for transfer learning,as well as incorporating multiple climate variables as predictors,contribute to better prediction results,although both DL models can effectively predict the spatiotemporal features of SIT *** the predicted SIT anomalies of the FC-Unet model,the spatial correlations with reanalysis reach an average level of 89%over all months,while the temporal anomaly correlation coefficients are close to unity in most *** models also demonstrate robust performances in predicting SIT and SIE during extreme *** effectiveness and reliability of the proposed deep transfer learning models in predicting Arctic SIT can facilitate more accurate pan-Arctic predictions,aiding climate change research and real-time business applications.

关键词： Arctic sea ice thickness deep learning spatiotemporal sequence prediction transfer learning

Study on a probabilistic algorithm for the forming and 3D characterization of special-shaped surfaces under profile grinding

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第2期12卷 288-299页

作者： Zhao-Qing Zhang Kai-Ning Shi yao-yao Shi yi-Hui song Zhe He ya-song Pu School of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of High Performance Manufacturing for Aero Engine(Northwestern Polytechnical University) Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyXi’an710072People’s Republic of China Engineering Research Center of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Aero Engine(Northwestern Polytechnical University) Ministry of EducationXi’an710072People’s Republic of China

Profile grinding is the most crucial method for the ultra-precision machining of special-shaped ***,profile grinding produces a unique machining profile,and many random factors in the machining process lead to complex surface *** this study,the structural and probabilistic characteristics of the profile grinding of a special-shaped surface were analyzed,and a probabilistic algorithm for the forming and 3D characterization of special-shaped surfaces under profile grinding was *** forming process of a GH738 blade tenon tooth surface was considered as an example to demonstrate the *** comparison results showed that the simulation results had similar surface characteristics to the measurement results,and the relative error range of the 3D roughness parameter was 0.21%–19.76%,indicating an accurate prediction and characterization of the complex special-shaped surface under the action of multiple factors.

关键词： Special-shaped surface Profile grinding Surface morphology 3D characterization