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Exercise preconditioning alleviates ischemia-induced memory deficits by increasing circulating adiponectin

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1445-1454页

作者： Meifeng Zheng Borui Zhang Sonata S y yau Kwok-Fai So Li Zhang Haining Ou Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Medicine The Fifth Clinical College of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration(Ministry of Education) Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Center for Exercise and Brain Science School of PsychologyShanghai University of SportShanghaiChina Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Institute University of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina

Cerebral ischemia is a major health risk that requires preventive approaches in addition to drug *** exercise enhances neurogenesis and synaptogenesis,and has been widely used for functional rehabilitation after *** this study,we determined whether exercise training before disease onset can alleviate the severity of cerebral *** also examined the role of exercise-induced circulating factors in these *** mice were subjected to 14 days of treadmill exercise training before surgery for middle cerebral artery *** found that this exercise pre-conditioning strategy effectively attenuated brain infarct area,inhibited gliogenesis,protected synaptic proteins,and improved novel object and spatial memory *** analysis showed that circulating adiponectin plays a critical role in these preventive effects of *** activation of adiponectin receptors by Adipo Ron mimicked the effects of exercise,while inhibiting receptor activation abolished the exercise *** summary,our results suggest a crucial role of circulating adiponectin in the effects of exercise pre-conditioning in protecting against cerebral ischemia and supporting the health benefits of exercise.

关键词： adiponectin cerebral ischemia exercise pre-conditioning hippocampus memory function middle cerebral artery occlusion prefrontal cortex synaptic proteins treadmill exercise

Gene therapy for spinal muscular atrophy:perspectives on the possibility of optimizing SMN1 delivery to correct all neurological and systemic perturbations

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2011-2012页

作者： Sharon J.Brown Rafael J.yáñez-Muñoz Heidi R.Fuller School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele UniversityKeeleUK Wolfson Center for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease TORCH BuildingRJAH Orthopaedic HospitalOswestryUK *** Center of Gene and Cell TherapyDepartment of Biological SciencesSchool of Life Sciences and the EnvironmentRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamUK

Spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)is a genetic condition that results in selective lower motor neuron loss with concomitant muscle weakness and *** genetic cause of SMA was understood in 1995 when loss or impairment of the survival motor neuron 1(SMN1)gene was identified as the main contributing factor(Lefebvre et al.,1995).This,in combination with the discovery that humans have a“back-up”gene,SMN2,which can produce low levels(approximately 10%)of the full-length functional SMN protein,has led to the generation of SMA-specific gene *** was traditionally classified according to age of symptom onset and developmental milestones achieved,with life expectancy and severity varying between ***,SMN2 copy number is used as a proxy for the prediction of disease severity,with higher SMN2 copy number typically being associated with reduced severity of SMA,although this relationship is not absolute:some individuals with low SMN2 copy number have less severe SMA phenotypes and vice ***,the etiology of SMA is further complicated by other factors,such as non-typical nucleotide variants and SMN2-independent modifiers of disease severity.

关键词： atrophy traditionally absolute

High-Order Low-Dissipation Shock-Resolving TENO-THINC Schemes for Hyperbolic Conservation Laws

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Communications in Computational Physics 2023年第9期34卷 1043-1078页

作者： Shinichi Takagi hiro Wakimura Lin Fu Feng Xiao Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-kuTokyo152-8550Japan Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina Department of Mathematics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute FutianShenzhenChina Shenzhen Research Institute The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina

While the recently proposed TENO(targeted essentially non-oscillatory)schemes[Fu et al.,Journal of Computational Physics 305(2016):333-359]exhibit better performance than the classical WENO(weighted essentially non-oscillatory)schemes with the same accuracy order,there is still a room for further improvement,e.g.,the physical discontinuities may be significantly smeared by the excessive numerical dissipation due to the enforcement of the ENO property after a long-time *** recently,a new fifth-order TENO5-THINC scheme is proposed by coupling the TENO5 scheme with a non-polynomial THINC(tangent of hyperbola for interface capturing)scheme based on a parameter-free discontinuity *** novelty originates from the fact that the new strategy locates the discontinuities accurately and deploys the jump-like THINC reconstruction scheme for resolving the discontinuities with a sub-cell resolution,instead of enforcing the ENO *** new scheme successfully leverages the excellent wave-resolution property of standard TENO schemes for smooth and under-resolved continuous scales and the discontinuity-resolving capability of THINC for reconstructing genuine *** this work,we further develop the low-dissipation discontinuity-resolving very-high-order TENO-THINC reconstruction schemes for hyperbolic conservation laws by proposing tailored coupling *** loss of generality,the six-and eight-point TENO-THINC schemes are developed,and the explicit formulas are given as well as the built-in *** on a set of critical benchmark simulations,the newly proposed schemes show ***,***,*** and ***/***.,34(2023),pp.1043-1078 significantly lower numerical dissipation when compared to the counterpart TENO schemes without sacrificing numerical *** presented numerical results represent the state-of-the-art in the literature and can serve as references for future algorithm development.

关键词： TENO THINC WENO high-order numerical schemes low-dissipation schemes compressible flows

Fibula pro-tibia vs standard locking plate fixation in an ankle fracture saw bone model

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第8期12卷 548-554页

作者： Tosan Okoro Kar Hao Teoh hiro Tanaka Department of Arthroplasty Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation TrustOswestry SY107AGUnited Kingdom Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS TrustHarlow CM201QXUnited Kingdom Department of Orthopaedics Royal Gwent HospitalNewport NP202UBUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Locking plate fixation in osteoporotic ankle fractures may fail due to cut-out or metalwork *** pro-tibia fixation was a technique prior to the advent of locking plates that was used to enhance stability in ankle fractures by achieving tri or tetra-cortical *** locking plates,the strength of this fixation construct can be further *** is lack of evidence currently on the merits of tibiapro-fibula augmented locking plate fixation of unstable ankle *** To assess if there is increased strength to failure,in an ankle fracture saw bone model,with a fibula pro-tibia construct when compared with standard locking plate *** Ten osteoporotic saw bones with simulated supination external rotation injuries were *** saw bones were fixed with standard locking plates whilst the other 5 saw bones were fixed with locking plates in a fibula pro-tibia *** fibula pro-tibia construct involved fixation with 3 consecutive locking screws applied across 3 cortices proximally from the level of the *** fixations were tested in axial external rotation to failure on an electromagnetic test frame(MTS 858 Mini-Bionix test machine,MTS Corp,Eden Praire,MN,United States).Torque at 30 degrees external rotation,failure torque,and external rotation angle at failure were compared between both groups and statistically *** The fibula pro-tibia construct demonstrated a statistically higher torque at 30 degrees external rotation(4.421±0.796 N/m vs 1.451±0.467 N/m;t-test P=0.000),as well as maximum torque at failure(5.079±0.694N/m vs 2.299±0.931 N/m;t-test P=0.001)compared to the standard locking plate *** fibula pro-tibia construct also had a lower external rotation angle at failure(54.7±14.5 vs 67.7±22.9).CONCLUSION The fibula pro-tibia locking plate construct demonstrates biomechanical superiority to standard locking plates in fixation of unstable ankle fractures in this saw bone ***

关键词： Unstable ankle fractures Pro-tibia fixation Improved stability Simulated biomechanical analysis Osteoporotic fractures Ankle injuries

Uncertainty in a Measurement of Density Dependence on Population Fluctuations

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Applied Mathematics 2014年第8期5卷 1108-1119页

作者： hiro-Sato Niwa National Research Institute of Fisheries Science Yokohama Japan

This article discusses the question of how elasticity of the system is intertwined with external stochastic disturbances. The speed at which a displaced system returns to its equilibrium is a measure of density dependence in population dynamics. Population dynamics in random environments, linearized around the equilibrium point, can be represented by a Langevin equation, where populations fluctuate under locally stable (not periodic or chaotic) dynamics. I consider a Langevin model in discrete time, driven by time-correlated random forces, and examine uncertainty in locating the population equilibrium. There exists a time scale such that for times shorter than this scale the dynamics can be approximately described by a random walk;it is difficult to know whether the system is heading toward the equilibrium point. Density dependence is a concept that emerges from a proper coarse-graining procedure applied for time-series analysis of population data. The analysis is illustrated using time-series data from fisheries in the North Atlantic, where fish populations are buffeted by stochastic harvesting in a random environment.

关键词： Population Dynamics Stochastic Difference Equation Noise Color Coarse Graining Ecological Time-Series

Advances in the treatment of autism spectrum disorder:Wharton jelly mesenchymal stem cell transplantation

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 72-79页

作者： Serdar Kabatas ErdinçCivelek Eyüp Can Savrunlu Umut Karaaslan Özlem yıldız Erdal Karaöz Department of Neurosurgery University of Health Sciences TurkeyGaziosmanpaşa Training and Research HospitalIstanbul 34255Türkiye Department of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology Institute of Health Sciences Marmara UniversityIstanbul 34865Türkiye Center for Stem Cell&Gene Therapy Research and Practice University of Health Sciences TurkeyIstanbul 34255Türkiye Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University of Health SciencesGaziosmanpaşa Training and Research HospitalIstanbul 34255Türkiye Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Kocaeli University Faculty of MedicineKocaeli 41001Türkiye Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research&Manufacturing Liv HospitalIstanbul 34340Türkiye Department of Histology and Embryology Istinye UniversityFaculty of MedicineIstanbul 34010Türkiye Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research and Practice Istinye UniversityIstanbul 34340Türkiye

BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with multifaceted *** recent studies,neuroinflammation and immune dysregulation have come to the forefront in its *** are studies suggesting that stem cell therapy may be effective in the treatment of *** To evolve the landscape of ASD treatment,focusing on the potential benefits and safety of stem cell *** A detailed case report is presented,displaying the positive outcomes observed in a child who underwent intrathecal and intravenous Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells(WJ-MSCs)transplantation combined with *** The study demonstrates a significant improvement in the child’s functional outcomes(Childhood Autism Rating Scale,Denver 2 Developmental Screening Test),especially in language and gross motor *** serious side effects were encountered during the 2-year *** The findings support the safety and effectiveness of WJ-MSC transplantation in managing ASD.

关键词： Autism spectrum disorder Neurorehabilitation Stem cell transplantation Wharton jelly mesenchymal stem cells Inflammation

Dilatancy and liquefaction behaviour of clean sand at wide range of confining stresses

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Journal of Central South University 2020年第8期27卷 2394-2407页

作者： GU Lin-lin WANG Zhen HOSOyA Asa-hiro ZHANG Feng Department of Civil Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Department of Civil Engineering Nagoya Institute of TechnologyNagoya 4668555Japan

The state of clean sand was mainly dependent on its void ratio(density)and confining stress that greatly influenced the mechanical behavior(compression,dilatancy and liquefaction)of clean *** whether the confining stress was a state variable of sand required precise element tests at different confining stress,especially the tests under very low confining stress whose test data were very *** this study,static-dynamic characteristics of clean sand was comprehensively investigated by a unified test program under low and normal confining stress ranging from 5 to 98 kPa,under monotonic/cyclic and drained/undrained conditions,together with the literature available data under confining stress of 1.0 to 3.0 *** monotonic loading tests,the contraction/dilation phase transition was observed for loose sand at low confining stress,and dilatancy angles were *** addition,the liquefaction resistance was observed to increase with reducing of confining stress,and the axial strain varied from compressive to dilative when confining stress *** attention was also paid to the enhancement effect of membrane,and it was observed that its influence on the test results was *** addition,the experimental results were proved reliable by reproducibility.

关键词： void ratio confining stress monotonic/cyclic loading drained/undrained triaxial test state variable of sand

TESTING k-EDGE-CONNECTIVITy OF DIGRAPHS

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2010年第1期23卷 91-101页

作者： yuichi yOSHIDA.hiroI TO School of Informatics Kyoto University

This paper presents an algorithm that tests whether a given degree-bounded digraph is k-edge-connected or E-far from k-edge-connectivity. This is the first testing algorithm for k-edge- connectivity of digraphs whose running time is independent of the number of vertices and edges. A digraph of n vertices with degree bound d is ε-far from k-edge-connectivity if at least εdn edges have to be added or deleted to make the digraph k-edge-connected, preserving the degree bound. Given a constant error parameter ε and a degree bound d, our algorithm always accepts all k-edge-connected digraphs and reiects all digraphs that is ε-far from k-edge-connectivity with orobabilitv at least 2/*** runs in O（d（εd^-c）^k logεd^-1O）（c〉1 is a constant）time when input digraphs are restricted to be （k-1）-edge connected and runs in O（d（εd^-ck）^klogεd^-kO）（c〉1 is a constant）time for general digraphs.

关键词： Digraph graph k-edge-connectivity property testing.

Insulin-like growth factor-1, IGF binding protein-3, and the risk of esophageal cancer in a nested case-control study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第19期23卷 3488-3495页

作者： yasushi Adachi Masanori Nojima Mitsuru Mori Kentaro yamashita hiro-o yamano hiroshi Nakase Takao Endo Kenji Wakai Kiyomi Sakata Akiko Tamakoshi Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineSapporo Shirakaba-dai Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Sapporo Medical University The Institute of Medical Science Hospital The University of Tokyo Department of Public Health Sapporo Medical UniversitySchool of Medicine Department of Preventive Medicine Nagoya UniversityGraduate School of Medicine Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine Iwate Medical University School of Medicine Department of Public Health Hokkaido University School of Medicine

To assess the relationship between serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1)/IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP3) and the risk of esophageal *** assessed the relationship between the serum levels of these molecules and the risk of esophageal cancer in a prospective, nested case-control study of participants from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. A baseline survey was conducted from 1988 to 1990. Of the 110585 enrolled participants, 35% donated blood samples. Those who had been diagnosed with esophageal cancer were considered cases for nested case-control studies. A conditional logistic model was used to estimate odds ratios for the incidence of esophageal cancer associated with serum IGF1 and IGFBP3 ***-one cases and 86 controls were eligible for the present assessment. The molar ratio of IGF1/IGFBP3, which represents the free and active form of IGF1, was not correlated with the risk of esophageal carcinoma. A higher molar difference between IGFBP3 and IGF1, which estimates the free form of IGFBP3, was associated with a decreased risk of esophageal carcinoma (P = 0.0146), and people in the highest tertile had the lowest risk (OR = 0.107, 95%CI: 0.017-0.669). After adjustment for body mass index, tobacco use, and alcohol intake, the molar difference of IGFBP3-IGF1 was inversely correlated with the risk of esophageal carcinoma (P = 0.0150).CONCLUSIONThe free form of IGFBP3, which is estimated by this molar difference, may be inversely associated with esophageal cancer incidence.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Insulin-like growth factor Insulin-like growth factor binding protein Nested case-control study Odds ratio