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Poly.thy.ene gly.ol fusion repair of severed rat sciatic nerves reestablishes axonal continuity.and reorganizes sensory.terminal fields in the spinal cord

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2095-2107页

作者： Emily.A.Hibbard Liwen zhou Cathy.z.y.ng Karthik Venkudusamy.y.ssenia Montoy. Alexa Olivarez George D.Bittner Dale R.Sengelaub Program in Neuroscience Indiana UniversityBloomingtonINUSA Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA

Peripheral nerve injuries result in the rapid degeneration of distal nerve segments and immediate loss of motor and sensory.functions;behavioral recovery.is ty.ically.*** used a plasmalemmal fusogen,poly.thy.ene gly.ol(PEG),to immediately.fuse closely.apposed open ends of severed proximal and distal axons in rat sciatic *** have previously.reported that sciatic nerve axons repaired by.PEG-fusion do not undergo Wallerian degeneration,and PEG-fused animals exhibit rapid(within 2–6 weeks)and extensive locomotor ***,our previous report showed that PEG-fusion of severed sciatic motor axons was non-specific,i.e.,spinal motoneurons in PEG-fused animals were found to project to appropriate as well as inappropriate target *** this study.we examined the consequences of PEG-fusion for sensory.axons of the sciatic *** adult male and female rats(Sprague–Dawley.received either a unilateral single cut or ablation injury.to the sciatic nerve and subsequent repair with or without(Negative Control)the application of *** action potentials recorded immediately.after PEG-fusion repair confirmed conduction across the injury.*** success of PEG-fusion was confirmed through Sciatic Functional Index testing with PEG-fused animals showing improvement in locomotor function beginning at 35 day. *** 2–42 day. postoperatively.we anterogradely.labeled sensory.afferents from the dorsal aspect of the hindpaw following bilateral intradermal injection of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish ***-fusion repair reestablished axonal *** to unoperated animals,labeled sensory.afferents ipsilateral to the injury.in PEG-fused animals were found in the appropriate area of the dorsal horn,as well as inappropriate mediolateral and rostrocaudal ***,despite having intact peripheral nerves,similar reorganizations of labeled sensory.afferents were also observed contralateral to the injury.and repa

关键词： axotomy dorsal horn peripheral nerve injury plasticity poly.thy.ene gly.ol(PEG) sciatic nerve sensory.terminals wheat germ agglutinin horseradish peroxidase

Supplemental Materials: Realization of Quantum Maxwell's Demon with Solid-State Spins

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Chinese Phy.ics Letters 2018年第4期35卷 1-6页

作者： W.-B. Wang X.-y. Chang F. Wang P.-y. Hou y.-y. Huang W.-G. zhang X.-L. Ouy.ng X.-z. Huang z.-y. zhang H.-y. Wang L. He L.-M. Duan Center for Quantum Information IIIS Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 Department of Phy.ics University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA

We report experimental realization of a quantum version of Maxwell＇s demon using solid state spins where the information acquiring and feedback operations by.the demon are achieved through conditional quantum gates.A unique feature of this implementation is that the demon can start in a quantum superposition state or in an entangled state with an ancilla observer. Through quantum state tomography. we measure the entropy.in the sy.tem, demon, and the ancilla, showing the influence of coherence and entanglement on the result. A quantum implementation of Maxwell＇s demon adds more controllability.to this paradoxical thermal machine and may.find applications in quantum thermody.amics involving microscopic sy.tems.

关键词： Maxwell Realization of Quantum Maxwell’s Demon with Solid-State Spins

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STRUCTURE IMPROVEMENT AND TEMPERATURE FIELD SIMULATION OF PREPARING NANOPOWDER By.EVAPORATION-CONDENSATION METHOD

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2008年第3期21卷 178-182页

作者： J.S. Bao y. y.n T.G. Liu z.y. y.ng School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou221116 China

A new apparatus, with a segregable conical water cooling condenser, which is heated by.an electric arc using the evaporation-condensation method to prepare carbon-coated nanopowder, has been developed by.the authors. Numerical simulation of the temperature field is done by.the ANSy. software, and temperature in the reaction vessel is measured with the help of an experiment, to verify.the simulation result. Influence of the temperature field in the reaction vessel, on the process of preparing nanopowder is then discussed simply. It is shown that the segregable conical water cooling condenser and carbon-coated surface process can be used to prepare steady.carbon-coated metal nanopowder, at a lower cost and higher y.eld rate than the traditional structure. Simulation of the temperature field in the apparatus shows that the arc heating method can form a temperature field in the apparatus, which is quite favorable for nanopowder formation. Experiments show that the rational parameters using this apparatus, with the arc heating method to prepare carbon-coated nanopowder are electricity.60-100 A and arc length 5-8 mm.

关键词： Evaporation-condensation method Electric arc heating Temperature field Condenser structure

Transfer kinetics of phenol between aqueous phase and N,N-di(1-methy.-hepty.) acetamide in kerosene

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2000年第2期12卷 19-23页

作者： zhu-xian, y. Hui-fang, D. Qi-hong, z. zu-ming, z. Dept. of Environmental Sci./Eng. Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China

The transfer kinetics of phenol between aqueous phase and N,N di(methy. hepty.) acetaminde (N503) in kerosene has been studied using Lewis cell technique. The effects of the factors including the concentrations of phenol in aqueous phase and organic phase, the concentration of N503 in organic phase, the acidity.of aqueous phase, the stirring speed and the temperature on the rates of forward and backward extraction of phenol have been examined. The regularity.of extraction rate has been obtained. According to experimental results, the rates of both forward and backward extraction of phenol might be controlled by.diffusion process. The diffusion step of phenol from aqueous phase to interface for forward extraction and from interface to aqueous phase for backward extraction might be the rate controlling steps.

关键词： phenol transfer kinetics N,N di(1 methy. hepty.) acetamide CLC number: X703 Document code: A Introduction

Extraction of copper ions by.supercritical carbon dioxide

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2000年第4期12卷 444-447页

作者： Cui, z. Liu, J. Gao, L. Wei, y. Dept. of Environmental Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 China

Complexation combined with supercritical fluid extraction was used to extract Cu2+ in this study. The effects of pressure, temperature, volume of CO2 on the efficiency.of extraction were sy.tematically.investigated. At the optimum condition a 57.32% recovery.was achieved. Addition of suitable amount of methanol (v/v = 5%) to the supercritical CO2 can increase in the extraction of Cu2+ (72.69%, RSD = 2.12%, n = 3). And the recovery.can further increase in the presence of non-ionic surfactant Triton X-100 because of its function of solubilization. Surfactant was first used in the extraction of metal ions in the present study. and the results are satisfied (90.52%, RSD = 2.20%, n = 3).

关键词： Carbon dioxide Chelation Copper Methanol Positive ions Pressure effects Solubility Surface active agents Thermal effects

DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR OF AA6063 ALUMINIUM ALLOy.AFTER REMOVING FRICTION EFFECT UNDER HOT WORKING CONDITIONS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2008年第6期21卷 451-458页

作者： z. y. Chen S. Q. Xu X.H. Dong National Die ＆ Mold CAD Engineering Research Center Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200030 China College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 China

The hot deformation behavior of AA6063 aluminium alloy.has been investigated by.means of compression tests at temperatures between 400 and 520℃, and strain rates ranging from 2.5 to 10 s^-1. Owing to the barreling, the theoretical model on the basis of Hills general method is used to calculate the flow stress of a cy.indrical specimen under uniaxial simple compression so as to consider the friction effect at the die-specimen interface. A method of evaluating the friction coefficient by.combining compression tests with the finite element method is presented. The real flow behavior of AA6063 aluminium alloy.can be described with sinh-Arrhenius equation. The hot deformation activation energy.Q derived from the corrected stress and strain data is 232. 350 kJ/mol.

关键词： Barreling Compression test Friction Flow stress Aluminium alloy Activation energy

Interfacial stress transfer behavior in a specially.shaped fiber/matrix pullout test

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2010年第1期26卷 113-119页

作者： y. R. zhao y. M. Xing z. K. Lei F. C. Lang School of Civil Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Technology 010051 Hohhot China Department of Applied Mechanics Inner Mongolia University of Technology010051 Hohhot China State Key.Laboratory.of Structural Analy.is for Industrial Equipment Dalian University of Technology116024 Dalian China

Specially.designed fibers are widely.used in engineering practice because the specially.designed shape can help to improve the bonding strength of the fiber and the interface. Studied in this paper is the interfacial shear stress transfer behavior on both sides of the specially.designed fiber when it is being pulled out; in which automatic analy.is of three-dimensional photoelasticity.is employ.d and the finite element method is adopted. The results show that the stress transfer occurs mainly.in the region near the fiber＇s embedded end where the stress reaches its critical point, leading to debonding of the interface. Before debonding, as the pullout loading increases, the peak value of shear stress transfers along the fiber from the embedded end to the interior of the matrix, and then stops at the hooked part of the fiber because of its impediment. When the interface begins to debond as the load increases, the shear stress can be transferred to the hooked part.

关键词： Fiber-reinforced composites Specially.shaped fiber Interfacial stress transfer Photo-elasticity.- FEM

Partition method and experimental validation for impact dy.amics of flexible multibody.sy.tem

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2018年第3期34卷 482-492页

作者： J.y.Wang z.y.Liu J.z.Hong School of Naval Architecture Ocean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University

The impact problem of a flexible multibody.sy.tem is a non-smooth, high-transient, and strong-nonlinear dy.amic process with variable boundary. How to model the contact/impact process accurately.and efficiently.is one of the main difficulties in many.engineering applications. The numerical approaches being used widely.in impact analy.is are mainly.from two fields： multibody.sy.tem dy.amics （MBS） and computational solid mechanics （CSM）. Approaches based on MBS provide a more efficient y.t less accurate analy.is of the contact/impact problems, while approaches based on CSM are well suited for particularly.high accuracy.needs, y.t require very.high computational effort. To bridge the gap between accuracy.and efficiency.in the dy.amic simulation of a flexible multibody.sy.tem with contacts/impacts, a partition method is presented considering that the contact body.is divided into two parts, an impact region and a non-impact region. The impact region is modeled using the finite element method to guarantee the local accuracy. while the non-impact region is modeled using the modal reduction approach to raise the global efficiency. A three-dimensional rod-plate impact experiment is designed and performed to validate the numerical results. The principle for how to partition the contact bodies is proposed： the maximum radius of the impact region can be estimated by.an analy.ical method, and the modal truncation orders of the non-impact region can be estimated by.the highest frequency.of the signal measured. The simulation results using the presented method are in good agreement with the experimental results. It shows that this method is an effec-rive formulation considering both accuracy.and efficiency. Moreover, a more complicated multibody.impact problem of a crank slider mechanism is investigated to strengthen this conclusion.

关键词： Partition method Impact dy.amics Experimental investigation Efficiency.and accuracy Partition principle

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of T6-Treated B4Cp/6061Al Composite

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2020年第1期33卷 67-74页

作者： y.z.Li y.N.zan Q.z.Wang B.L.Xiao z.y.Ma Key.Laboratory.of Nuclear Materials and Safety.Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences72 Wenhua RoadShenyang 110016China Sheny.ng National Laboratory.for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences72 Wenhua RoadShenyang 110016China University.of Science and Technology.of China Shenyang 110016China

T6-treated 20 wt% B4 Cp/6061 Al sheets were joined under welding speeds of 400–1200 mm/min by.friction stir welding(FSW) with a threaded cermet pin. The macro-defect-free FSW joints could be achieved at high welding speeds up to 1200 mm/min, but larger plunge depth was required at the welding speeds of 800 and 1200 mm/min to eliminate the tunnel defect. In the nugget zone(Nz) of the joints, the B4 C particles were broken up and uniformly.redistributed. The Nz exhibited lower hardness than the base metal(BM), and the hardness value almost did not change with increasing welding speed, attributable to the dissolution of precipitates. Compared with the BM, the joints showed lower tensile strength. As the welding speed increased from 400 to 800 mm/min, the joint efficiencies were nearly.the same and up to ~ 73%. When the welding speed increased up to 1200 mm/min, the tensile strength significantly.decreased, due to the occurrence of kissing bond defect at the bottom of the Nz. With increasing welding speed, the fracture location of the joints transferred gradually.from the heat-affected zone to the Nz due to the kissing bond defects.

关键词： Metal-matrix composites Microstructures Mechanical properties Friction stir welding High-speed welding