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Consideration of climate change impacts will improve the efficiency of protected areas on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2022年第1期8卷 181-193页

作者： Zijian Lu Liangxu Wang Nan Meng xuhuan dai Jingyi Zhu Yanzheng Yang Ruonan Li Jinfeng Ma Hua Zheng State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghaiChina College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security Yunnan UniversityKunmingChina

The protection of migratory birds and their habitats is important to the ecological stability of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP).Currently protected areas(PAs)were designed in accordance with species distribution patterns under current climatic conditions,thus ignoring climate change will lead to a decrease in the protection efficiency of *** this study,using the flagship species Grus nigricollis,as an example,we used the maximum entropy(MaxEnt)model to simulate the distributions and conservation status of *** and optimized the existing PA *** results showed that(1)suitable habitat-for *** accounts for 12.48%of the QTP area,and the PAs established under current climatic conditions cover 17.84%of this suitable habitat area;(2)future climate changes will influence the distribution and quality of *** habitats,and the average protection efficiency of the current PAs in four climatic scenarios will decrease from 17.84%to 15.31%;and(3)through optimization,the efficiency of existing PAs can be increased by 0.75 times and reach 28.37%,indicating PA planning must consider not only current climate conditions but also the effects of climate *** results aim to address shortcomings in the conservation efficiency of PAs and provide an example for resolving mismatched PA boundaries and habitat changes for species.

关键词： Migratory bird protected area climate change grus nigricollis

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农牧户自然资源依赖度及影响因素研究——以新疆阿勒泰地区富蕴县为例

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北京师范大学学报（自然科学版） 2019年第4期55卷 497-504页

作者：任真李波代旭焕北京师范大学地理科学学部自然资源学院

国家对自然资源保护力度日益加强、管理制度日臻完善.干旱荒漠地区农村家庭生产生活方式对自然资源的依赖度会影响当地自然资源保护和利用,以及生态恢复和可持续发展.本文以富蕴县为主要研究区,根据201份新疆阿勒泰地区农牧户生计情况... 详细信息

国家对自然资源保护力度日益加强、管理制度日臻完善.干旱荒漠地区农村家庭生产生活方式对自然资源的依赖度会影响当地自然资源保护和利用,以及生态恢复和可持续发展.本文以富蕴县为主要研究区,根据201份新疆阿勒泰地区农牧户生计情况的入户调查问卷,建立基础数据库,利用Heckman两阶段模型,以自然资源收入依赖度为测算指标,分析农牧户对自然资源包括草地资源和矿产资源的收入依赖度和影响因素,得出以下结论:1)资源禀赋中,拥有草地资源面积越大对农牧户的自然资源依赖度影响越大.2)家庭特征中,生计多样化指数对自然资源收入依赖度影响最为显著.生计多样化指数为3的农牧户数最多,相对最不依赖于自然资源收入.3)农业村、牧业村、定居村中,牧业村的牧户对自然资源依赖度更高.不同类型村主要收入来源不同,多样化指数也不同:农业村最多、牧业村最少,定居村体现了牧户向农户转型过程中的阶段,其多样化指数也处于二者之间.牧业村到定居村再到农业村,多样化指数依次升高,自然资源收入依赖度依次降低,某种程度上证明了定居工程实施的重要意义,即降低农牧户自然资源收入依赖度,牧民定居相关政策实施取得一定成效.通过农牧户家庭合理利用好自然资源的途径促进脱贫和乡村振兴,值得进一步深入探索.

关键词：自然资源收入依赖度干旱荒漠区农牧民家庭

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定居工程实施背景下牧民的生计风险及应对策略——以新疆阿勒泰地区为例

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北京师范大学学报（自然科学版） 2017年第2期53卷 247-252页

作者：李海英李波邬志龙代旭焕北京师范大学地理科学学部资源学院北京100875

阿勒泰地区是全国和新疆自治区的重要牧区之一,在退耕还林(草)工程、牧民定居工程等农牧业重大政策实施过程中,当地农牧户也面临各种生产生活压力,暴露于各种风险之中.本文通过对阿勒泰地区牧民进行随机入户调查,探讨了牧民面临的主要... 详细信息

阿勒泰地区是全国和新疆自治区的重要牧区之一,在退耕还林(草)工程、牧民定居工程等农牧业重大政策实施过程中,当地农牧户也面临各种生产生活压力,暴露于各种风险之中.本文通过对阿勒泰地区牧民进行随机入户调查,探讨了牧民面临的主要生计风险及其应对策略,并采用二元Probit回归模型分析了影响牧民风险应对策略选择的主要因素.结果表明:1)牧民面临的主要风险问题为市场风险、就业风险、子女教育/婚姻风险、医疗风险等,牧民最担心的生计风险为子女教育/婚姻问题,其次是医疗风险.2)牧民最常采用的风险应对策略是政府救济,也会采取寻求他人帮助、社会保险、出售资产、外出务工等应对策略,最少采用的应对策略是孩子辍学.3)金融资本、人力资本是影响牧民风险应对策略选择的主要因素,物质资本、自然资本次之,社会资本影响最弱.从提高牧民生计风险抵御能力角度出发,提出了促进牧民稳定定居的政策建议.

关键词：定居工程阿勒泰地区生计风险应对策略生计资本 Probit回归模型

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HMGB1 from Astrocytes Promotes EAE by Influencing the Immune Cell Infiltration-Associated Functions of BMECs in Mice

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第11期38卷 1303-1314页

作者： Junyu Shi Yifan Xiao Na Zhang Mengya Jiao xuhuan Tang Chan dai Chenchen Wang Yong Xu Zheng Tan Feili Gong Fang Zheng Department of Immunology School of Basic MedicineTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation Ministry of EducationNHC Key Laboratory of Organ TransplantationKey Laboratory of Organ TransplantationChinese Academy of Medical SciencesWuhan 430030China Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology School of MedicineJianghan UniversityWuhan 430056China

High mobility group box 1(HMGB1)has been reported to play an important role in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE).Astrocytes are important components of neurovascular units and tightly appose the endothelial cells of microvessels by their perivascular endfeet and directly regulate the functions of the blood-brain *** express more HMGB1 during EAE while the exact roles of astrocytic HMGB1 in EAE have not been well ***,using conditional-knockout mice,we found that astrocytic HMGB1 depletion decreased morbidity,delayed the onset time,and reduced the disease score and demyelination of ***,there were fewer immune cells,especially pathogenic T cells infiltration in the central nervous system of astrocytic HMGB1 conditional-knockout EAE mice,accompanied by up-regulated expression of the tight-junction protein Claudin5 and down-regulated expression of the cell adhesion molecules ICAM1 and VCAM1 in *** vitro,HMGB1 released from astrocytes decreased Claudin5 while increased ICAM1 and VCAM1 expressed by brain microvascular endothelial cells(BMECs)through TLR4 or *** together,our results demonstrate that HMGB1 derived from astrocytes aggravates EAE by directly influencing the immune cell infiltration-associated functions of BMECs.

关键词： HMGB1 Astrocytes Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Blood-brain barrier

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Conditional knockout of HMGB1 in astrocytes improves experimental autoimmune encephalitis through reducing BBB damages

Conditional knockout of HMGB1 in astrocytes improves experim...

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第十四届全国免疫学学术大会

作者： Junyu Shi Na Zhang Mengya Jiao xuhuan Tang Zhenggang Zhang Chan dai Chenchen Wang Zheng Tan Fang Zheng Department of immunology School of Basic Medicine Tongji Medical College HuaZhong University of Science and Technology

Background: HMGB1, a nonhistone DNA-binding nuclear protein that can be released into extracellular space as a DAMP, has been discovered to play an important role in EAE, the animal model of autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis. Astrocytes are the most abundant cell populations in the CNS and are also important components of neurovascular units, where astrocytes can influence nearby cells directly. Astrocytes that expressed HMGB1 increased during EAE while the certain roles of HMGB1 derived from astrocytes have not been ***: To explore the roles astrocytic HMGB1 playing in the development of ***: *** HMGB1 conditionally knocked out mice were generated through injecting GFAP-CreERT2-HMGB1f/f mice with Tamoxifen. *** accepted immunization with MOG to develop EAE. The disease severity was assessed according to the EAE clinical score and the degree of demyelination with LFB. The infiltration of pathogenic immune cells in the CNS was detected with HE staining, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Immunofluorescenece and western blot were carried out to detect the changes of blood brain barrier(BBB). 3. Primary brain microvascular endothelial cells(BMECs) were stimulated by HMGB1 to detect its influences on ***: On the whole, conditional knockout of HMGB1 in astrocytes decreased the morbidity, onset time and clinical score of EAE as well as spinal cord demyelination. Besides, there were less immune cells infiltration in the CNS, especially pathogenic T cells. While the number of T cells in the peripheral immune organ lymph nodes was increased. In terms of BBB, which can inhibit the entrance of immune cells to the CNS in normal physiological conditions, tight junction protein Claudin5 expressed in the BMECs was increased and the cell adhesion molecules ICAM1 and VCAM1 were decreased in the spinal cord of astrocytic HMGB1 conditionally knocked out mice. In vitro, HMGB1 stimulation also promoted the decrease of Claudin5 and t

关键词： astrocyte HMGB1 BBB EAE

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激光扫描球形偏心引起误差的理论分析

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激光技术 2014年第6期38卷 813-816页

作者：林静焕戴勇林旭焕许敏界浙江工业大学机电研究所杭州310014

为了研究激光测距扫描仪在测量过程中,由于激光扫描中心与被测球形中心存在一定偏心距时对激光扫描精准度的影响,采用数形结合与公式推导的方法,对偏心距e导致的激光扫描偏差值进行了理论分析,建立了数学模型和公式推算验证,分析了影响... 详细信息

为了研究激光测距扫描仪在测量过程中,由于激光扫描中心与被测球形中心存在一定偏心距时对激光扫描精准度的影响,采用数形结合与公式推导的方法,对偏心距e导致的激光扫描偏差值进行了理论分析,建立了数学模型和公式推算验证,分析了影响激光扫描轮廓偏差几个因素之间的相互关系,得到了当随着半径R增大,偏心引起的误差不会超过2e的结论。结果表明,通过对提出的偏心误差修正方法进行公式验证,将扫描中心与被测球形中心两坐标轴等效变换至同一坐标系下,可减小偏心距e对激光扫描轮廓造成的偏差影响。

关键词：激光技术基准偏心距误差轮廓扫描

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