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An Observing System Simulation Experiment to Assess the Potential Impact of a Virtual Mobile Communication Tower–based Observation Network on Weather Forecasting Accuracy in China. Part 1: Weather Stations with a Typical Mobile Tower Height of 40 m

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2020年第6期37卷 617-633页

作者： xuanming ZHAO Jiang ZHU Lijing CHENG Yubao LIU Yuewei LIU International Center for Climate and Environment Science Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China National Center for Atmospheric Research CO 80301USA

The importance of a national or regional network of meteorological stations for improving weather predictions has been recognized for many ***-based automatic weather stations typically observe weather at a height of 2-10 m above ground level(AGL);however,these observations may have two major *** portions of data cannot be used if the station height is significantly lower than the model surface level;and such observations may contain large representativity errors as near-surface observations are often affected by the local environment,such as nearby buildings and tall *** the recent introduction of a significant number of mobile communication towers that are typically over40 m AGL in China,a campaign has been proposed to use such towers to build a future observing system with an observing height of 40 m.A series of observing system simulation experiments has been conducted to assess the potential utility of such a future observing system as part of a feasibility *** experiments were conducted using the Weather Research and Forecasting model and its Rapid Update Cycle data assimilation *** results revealed the possibility of improving weather forecasting by raising present weather stations to a height of 40 m;this would not only enable more observations to pass the terrain check,but should also reduce interpolation ***,improvements for temperature,humidity and wind forecasting could be achieved as the accuracy of the initial conditions increases.

关键词： weather forecasting humidity

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The blue light receptor CRY1 interacts with GID1 and DELLA proteins to repress GA signaling during photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2021年第8期14卷 1328-1342页

作者： Ming Zhong Bingjie Zeng Dongying Tang Jiaxin yang Lina Qu Jindong Yan Xiaochuan Wang Xin Li xuanming Liu Xiaoying Zhao College of Biology Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental RegulationHunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research CenterHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Shenzhen Institute Hunan UniversityShenzhen 518057China

Light is a critical environmental cue that regulates a variety of diverse plant developmental *** 1(CRY1)is the major photoreceptor that mediates blue light-dependent photomorphogenic responses such as the inhibition of hypocotyl ***(GA)participates in the repression of photomorphogenesis and promotes hypocotyl ***,the antagonistic interaction between blue light and GA is not well ***,we report that blue light represses GA-induced degradation of the DELLA proteins(DELLAs),which are key negative regulators in the GA signaling pathway,via CRY1,thereby inhibiting the GA response during hypocotyl *** in vitro and in vivo biochemical analyses demonstrated that CRY1 physically interacts with GA receptors-GA-INSENSITIVE DWARF 1 proteins(GID1s)-and DELLAs in a blue light-dependent ***,we showed that CRY1 inhibits the association between GID1s and ***,CRY1 antagonizes the function of GID1s to repress the expression of cell elongation-related genes and thus hypocotyl *** together,our findings demonstrate that CRY1 coordinates blue light and GA signali ng for plant photomorphogenesis by stabilizing DELLAs through the binding and in activation of GID1s,providing new in sights into the mechanism by which blue light antagonizes the function of GA in photomorphogenesis.

关键词： cryptochrome 1 blue light gibberellic acid GID1 DELLA proteins

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The PHYB–FOF2–VOZ2 module functions to finetune flowering in response to changes in light quality by modulating FLC expression in Arabidopsis

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Plant Communications 2024年第7期5卷 231-250页

作者： Lina Qu Ming Zhong Feifei Duan Xinmei Li Jiaxin yang Quanyu Zhou Dongying Tang Reqing He xuanming Liu Xiaoying Zhao College of Biology Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental RegulationHunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hybrid RapeseedHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Shenzhen Institute Hunan UniversityShenzhen 518057China These authors contributed equally to this article

Proper timing of flowering under different environmental conditions is critical for plant *** quality is a pivotal environmental cue that plays a critical role in flowering *** tend to flower late under light with a high red(R)/far-red(FR)light ratio but early under light with a low R/FR light ***,how plants fine-tune flowering in response to changes in light quality is not well ***,we demonstrate that F-box of Flowering 2(FOF2),an autonomous pathway–related regulator,physically interacts with VASCULAR PLANT ONE-ZINC FINGER 1 and 2(VOZ1 and VOZ2),which are direct downstream factors of the R/FR light receptor phytochrome B(PHYB).We show that PHYB physically interacts with FOF2,mediates stabilization of the FOF2 protein under FR light and end-of-day FR light,and enhances FOF2 binding to VOZ2,which leads to degradation of VOZ2 by SCF^(FOF2) E3 *** contrast,PHYB mediates degradation of FOF2 protein under R light and end-of-day R *** interaction studies demonstrated that FOF2 functions downstream of PHYB to promote FLC expression and inhibit flowering under both high R/FR light and simulated shade conditions,processes that are partially dependent on VOZ *** together,our findings suggest a novel mechanism whereby plants fine-tune flowering time through a PHYB–FOF2–VOZ2 module that modulates FLC expression in response to changes in light quality.

关键词： PHYB FOF2 VOZ proteins FLC light quality flowering time

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Shortened Basal Internodes Encodes a Gibberellin 2-Oxidase and Contributes to Lodging Resistance in Rice

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Molecular Plant 2018年第2期11卷 288-299页

作者： Chang Liu Jinshan Gui Chenjian Fu Hasi Yu Dongliang Song Junhui Shen Peng Qin xuanming Liu Bin Han Yuanzhu yang Laigeng Li National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China Yuan Longping Agriculture High-Tech Co. Ltd. Hunan 410001 China Hunan University Hunan 410082 China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China National Center of Plant Gene Research and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200233 China Hunan Ava Seed Research Institute Hunan 410119 China Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Disease and Insect-Resistant Rice Breeding Hunan 410119 China

Breeding semi-dwarf varieties to improve lodging resistance has been proven to be enormously successful in increasing grain yield since the advent of the ＂green revolution.＂ However, the breeding of the majority of semi-dwarf rice varieties in Asia has been dependent mainly on genetic introduction of the mutant alleles of SD1, which encodes a gibberellin （GA） 20-oxidase, OsGA20ox2, for catalyzing GA biosynthesis. Here, we report a new rice lodging-resistance gene, Shortened Basal lnternodes （SBI）, which encodes a gibberellin 2- oxidase and specifically controls the elongation of culm basal internodes through deactivating GA activity. SBI is predominantly expressed in culm basal internodes. Genetic analyses indicate that SBI is a semidominant gene affecting rice height and lodging resistance. SBI allelic variants display different activities and are associated with the height of rice varieties. Breeding with higher activity of the SBI allele generates new rice varieties with improved lodging resistance and increased yield. The discovery of the SB! provides a desirable gene resource for producing semi-dwarf rice phenotypes and offers an effective strategy for breeding rice varieties with enhanced lodging resistance and high yield.

关键词： Shortened Basal Internodes gibberellin activity lodging resistance yield rice

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第1期13卷 217-229页

作者： Liang Han Lin Wang xuanming Ding Haijia Wen Xingzhong Yuan Wengang Zhang School of Civil Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China National Joint Engineering Research Center of Geohazards Prevention in the Reservoir Areas Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China

This paper presents a confidence ellipse-based method to evaluate the similarity of soil parametric data using the database from the site investigation ***,the obtained similarity assessment results of parametric data are used to further estimate the site similarity via two proposed strategies,namely the mean and weighted mean *** former referred to the average of parametric data similarity degrees,while the latter was the weighted average,and the weight was calculated using the coefficient of variation(COV)of each *** illustration,the liquidity index(LI)dataset was firstly used to explore the performance of the presented method in the evaluation of parametric data ***,the site similarity was assessed and the effects of numbers and weights of selected parameters for study were systematically ***,the transformation models about the relationships between Cc and x as well as between Cc and e0 were constructed to illustrate the application of the similarity analysis in reduction of transformation *** show that the greatest site similarity degree is at about 0.76 in this study,and the maximum decrease of transformation uncertainty can reach up to 18%and 25.5%as union parametric data similarity degree ***,the site similarity degree represents the whole similarity between two different sites,and the presented union parameter similarity degree maintains a good agreement with transformation uncertainty.

关键词： Soil parameters Site Confidence ellipse Similarity

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FERONIA cytoplasmic domain:node of varied signal outputs

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aBIOTECH 2020年第2期1卷 135-146页

作者： Jia Chen Sirui Zhu Zhenhua Ming xuanming Liu Feng Yu State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of BiologyHunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental RegulationHunan UniversityChangsha 410082P.R.China State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources College of Life Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004P.R.China

The receptor-like kinase(RLK)FERONIA(FER),located on the plasma membrane,belongs to the Catharanthus roseus RLK1-like kinase family(CrRLK1L)and participates in widespread biological processes in plants in a context-dependent *** studies in Arabidopsis illustrated the versatile roles that FER plays in fertilization,vegetative growth,defense and stress responses,cell-wall homeostasis,as well as protein *** studies also helped to identify genes and signal pathways involved in FER signal *** increasingly larger numbers of studies discussing how FER senses its ligand,Rapid alkalinization factor(RALF)peptides,and further regulates downstream factors,few have shown the mechanisms of how FER mediates the specific regulation of downstream signals in context of the phosphorylation of its cytoplasmic *** understanding this would help in better understanding the diversity and complexity of FER function,this paper aims to review the roles of FER in regulating different signal outputs from the view of the role of its cytoplasmic domain.

关键词： FER Cytoplasmic domain Phosphorylation sites Kinase activity RALF peptides

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The RALF1-FERONIA Complex Phosphorylates eIF4E1 to Promote Protein Synthesis and Polar Root Hair Growth

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Molecular Plant 2020年第5期13卷 698-716页

作者： Sirui Zhu Jose Manuel Estevez Hongdong Liao Yonghua Zhu Tao yang Chiyu Li Yichuan Wang Lan Li xuanming Liu Javier Martinez Pacheco Hongwei Guo Feng Yu State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of Biologyand Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental RegulationHunan UniversityChangsha 410082P.R.China Fundacion Instituto Leloir Buenos Aires C1405BWEArgentina and IIBBA-CONICETBuenos Aires C1405BWEArgentina Centro de Biotecnologfa Vegetal Facultad de Ciencias de la VidaUniversidad Andres BelloSantiago RM 8370146Chile National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004P.R.China Institute of Plant and Food Science Department of BiologySouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong 518055P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Hunan Hybrid Rice Research CenterChangsha 410125P.R.China

The molecular links between extracellular signals and the regulation of localized protein synthesis in plant cells are poorly ***,we show that in Arabidopsis thaliana,the extracellular peptide RALF1 and its receptor,the FERONIA receptor kinase,promote root hair(RH)tip growth by modulating protein *** found that RALF1 promotes FERONIA-mediated phosphorylation of elF4E1,a eukaryotic translation initiation factor that plays a crucial role in the control of mRNA translation *** elF4E1 increases mRNA affinity and modulates mRNA translation and,thus,protein *** mRNAs targeted by the RALF1-FERONIA-elF4E1 module include ROP2 and RSL4,which are important regulators of RH cell polarity and ***1 and FERONIA are expressed in a polar manner in RHs,which facilitate elF4E1 polar丨ocalization and thus may control local f?OP2 ***,we demonstrated that high-level accumulation of RSL4 exerts negative-feedback regulation of RALF1 expression by directly binding the RALF1 gene promoter,determining the final RH *** study reveals that the link between RALF1-FERONIA signaling and protein synthesis constitutes a novel component regulating cell expansion in these polar growing cells.

关键词： elF4E1 FER polar cell growth RALF1 root hairs RSL4

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Studies of poly-L-lysine-starch nanoparticle preparation and its application as gene carrier

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Science China Chemistry 2005年第2期48卷 162-166页

作者： XIAO Suyao LIU xuanming TONG Chunyi LIU Jun TANG Dongying ZHAO Lijian Institute of Life Science and Biotechnology College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 China Institute of Life Science and Biotechnology College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 China Institute of Life Science and Biotechnology College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 China Institute of Life Science and Biotechnology College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 China Institute of Life Science and Biotechnology College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 China Institute of Life Science and Biotechnology College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 China

Anion starch nanoparticle (StNP) with a diameter of 50 nm was prepared in wa- ter-in-oil microemulsion, with soluble starch as raw materials and POCl3 as crosslinking agent. PLL-StNP was prepared by linking poly-L-lysine (PLL) on the surface of StNP. At the same time, the size of PLL-StNP and its stability in aqueous solution were checked by AFM. The analysis of plasmid DNA binding, DNase I enzymatic degradation, toxicity and transfection were done. We discovered that PLL-StNP may be used as non-virus nanoparticle gene carrier. And we devel- oped the method of preparing PLL-StNP gene carrier and used it in cell transfection. As non-virus gene carrier, PLL-StNP has some advantages, such as large load of DNA, high transfection effi- ciency, low cell toxicity and biodegradability.

关键词： anion starch nanoparticle, poly-L-lysine, non-virus gene carrier, cell transfection.

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Dialdehyde starch nanoparticles: Preparation and application in drug carrier

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第21期52卷 2913-2918页

作者： YU DanMi XIAO SuYao TONG ChunYi CHEN Lin LIU xuanming State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics Insitute of Life Science and Technology Research Center of Bio-logical Energy Sources & Biomaterial Hunan University Changsha 410082 China

Dialdehyde starch nanoparticles (DASNP) were prepared by the redox reaction of NaIO4 and starch in water-in-oil microemulsion. IR spectrum showed that DASNP had aldehyde groups, and quantitative alkali consumption showed that its dialdehyde content was about (50±5)%. The average diameter of DASNP determined by SEM was about 100 nm. TGA-DTA showed that its thermal stability was better than starch nanoparticle (StNP) and dialdehyde starch (DAS). Its low biological toxicity was detected by cell experiment. Also the best mass ratio of doxorubicin (DOX) to combined DASNP detected by UV-VIS was 15 : 1, and the product was effective for controlled release of DOX. The cell experiment showed that the drug-carrier particle (DOX-DASNP) can release DOX for a long time and strengthened the effect of the anticancer drug. This work demonstrates that the DASNP, which has good thermal stability, small particle size, low biological toxicity, and slowly anticancer drug-releasing to strengthen drug effect, is a potentially useful carrier for anticancer drug.

关键词：乳腺癌细胞毫微粒药物依赖性阿霉素

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Development and application of tumor-targeting magnetic nanoparticles FA-StNP@Fe_2O_3 for hyperthermia

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第17期54卷 2998-3004页

作者： ZHENG YuanQing TONG ChunYi WANG Bei XIE Ying LIAO HongDong LI Dan LIU xuanming State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosening and Chemometrics Hunan University Changsha 410082 China State Key Laboratory of Chemo Research Center of Biological Energy Sources and BiomaterialHunan University Changsha 410082 China State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Institute of Life Science and Biotechnology Hunan University Changsha 410082 China

Modified magnetic starch nanoparticles (FA-StNP@Fe2O3) were synthesized by conjugating folic acid (FA-PEG-NH2) onto the surface of magnetic starch nanoparticles (StNP@Fe2O3) prepared by reverse microemulsion method. The synthesized FA-StNP@Fe2O3 was investigated by transmission electron microscopy and zeta potential analysis. The average size of its well dispersed particles was 250 nm. The iron concentration of 2 mg/g was detected by phenanthroline method. Placing FA-StNP@Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the alternating magnetic field for 30 min resulted in an increase in the suspension temperature from ambient temperature (37℃) to a value between 42℃ and 43℃. Co-cultured nanoparticles and Hela cell line or normal HUEC-12 cell line, and the biological effects at the cellular level were investigated in the alternating magnetic field using MTT assay, Hochest-PI double staining and flow cytometry analysis. Experimental results showed that FA-StNP@Fe2O3 within acertain concentration range has no obvious effect on cell proliferation. When treated in the magnetic field, apoptosis rate on Hela induced by FA-StNP@Fe2O3 was 13.4%. Prussian blue staining analysis confirmed that the nanoparticles modified with folic acid had improved ability in tumor cell-targeting, and therefore, potential applications in biomedical and magnetocaloric areas. It is expected be applied in tumor targeting therapy in the near future.

关键词：应用铁纳米粒子 Hela细胞透射电子显微镜流式细胞仪分析热疗反相微乳液法交变磁场

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