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Microbiomics and metabolomics insights into the microbial regulation on the formation of flavor components in the traditional fermentation process of Chinese Hongqu aged vinegar

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年

作者： Shan-Gong Tong Wen-Long Li Yuan-Dong Rao Yan-Qin Xiao Ying-Yin Yan Wei-Ling Guo xu-cong lv Jin-Yuan Sun Lian-Zhong Ai Li Ni Institute of Food Science and Technology College of Biological Science and Engineering Fuzhou University School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety Beijing Technology and Business University School of Health Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Food Nutrition and Health Research Center School of Advanced Manufacturing Fuzhou University

This study aimed to investigate microbial succession and metabolic dynamics during the traditional fermentation of Hongqu aged vinegar， and explore the core functional microbes closely related to the formation of flavor components. Microbiome analysis demonstrated that Lactobacillus， Acetobacter， Bacillus， Enterobacter， Lactococcus， Leuconostoc and Weissella were the predominant bacterial genera， while Aspergillus piperis， Aspergillus oryzae， Monascus purpureus， Candida athensensis， Candida xylopsoci， Penicillium ochrosalmoneum and Simplicillium aogashimaense were the predominant fungal species. Correlation analysis revealed that Acetobacter was positively correlated with the production of tetramethylpyrazine， acetoin and acetic acid， Lactococcus showed positive correlation with the production of 2-nonanone， 2-heptanone， ethyl caprylate， ethyl caprate， 1-hexanol， 1-octanol and 1-octen-3-ol， Candida xylopsoci and Candida rugosa were positively associated with the production of diethyl malonate， 2，3-butanediyl diacetate， acetoin， benzaldehyde and tetramethylpyrazine. Correspondingly， non-volatile metabolites were also detected through UPLC-QTOF/MS. A variety of amino acids and functional dipeptides were identified during the traditional brewing of Hongqu aged vinegar. Correlation analysis revealed that Lactobacillus was significantly associated with DL-lactate， indolelactic acid， D-(+)-3-phenyllactic acid， pimelic acid， pregabalin and 3-aminobutanoic acid. This study is useful for understanding flavor formation mechanism and developing effective strategies for the suitable strains selection to improve the flavor quality of Hongqu aged vinegar.

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Rupture of a giant jejunal mesenteric cystic lymphangioma misdiagnosed as ovarian torsion: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第4期12卷 847-852页

作者： Jing xu Tie-Feng lv Department of Hepatopathy Hangzhou Xixi HospitalHangzhou 310023Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Cystic lymphangioma is a rare benign tumor that affects the lymphatic system.Mesenteric lymphangiomas in the small bowel are extremely uncommon.CASE SUMMARY We present a 21-year-old female patient who complained of abdominal pain.The diagnosis of ovarian torsion was suspected after abdominopelvic unenhanced computed tomography and ultrasound revealed a large cyst in contact with the bladder,ovary,and uterus.The patient underwent emergency laparotomy per-formed by gynecologists,but it was discovered that the cystic tumor originated from the jejunum.Gastrointestinal surgeons were then called in to perform a cystectomy.Pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of cystic lymphangioma of the mesentery.The patient had an uneventful postoperative recovery.CONCLUSION Mesenteric lymphangiomas can cause abdominal pain,and imaging techniques can help determine their characteristics,location,and size.Complete surgical excision and pathological examination are considered the standard treatment and diagnostic method.

关键词： Rupture Jejunum Mesenteric cystic lymphangioma Ovarian torsion Surgical excision Pathological examination Case report

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Reducing children’s exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in homes and kindergartens in China:Impact on lifetime cancer risks and burden of disease

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Building Simulation 2024年第3期17卷 431-440页

作者： Dongsheng Tao Wen Sun Donghui Mo Yonghui Lin Wei lv Daniel Mmereki Yousheng xu Yanghui Ye Yuanjun Tang Chao Ye cong Dong Zhongming Bu Zhejiang Ecowell Energy Management Technology Co. LtdHangzhouChina Department of Energy and Environmental System Engineering Zhejiang University of Science and TechnologyHangzhouChina Faculty of Health Sciences School of Clinical MedicineUniversity of the WitwatersrandParktown2193JohannesburgSouth Africa

Exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(DEHP)in the indoor environment has been linked with significant health risks for Chinese children.Multi-phase DEHP concentrations in Chinese residences and kindergartens were estimated using a mass balance model based on the current baseline condition and control strategies(i.e.,increasing ventilation rate,reducing area of sources,using mechanical ventilation systems,and using portable air cleaners).The health benefits of each control strategy were quantified as the reduction in lifetime cancer risks(LCR)and burden of disease(BoD).In the current situation,the mean LCR and disability-adjusted life years(DALY)number attributable to indoor DEHP exposure for Chinese children were around 6.0×10^(−6) and 155 thousand,respectively.The mean LCR and DALY might be reduced by 25%-54%and 16%-40%,respectively,by increasing air exchange rates by 100%,reducing the use of source materials by two-thirds or deploying commercial air cleaners in naturally ventilated buildings.Meanwhile,avoidable DALYs could result in a reduction of mean economic losses of 2.2-5.3 billion RMB.Mechanical ventilation systems with filtration units may not be helpful for reducing children’s health risks.House-specific and tailor-made control measures are critical in lowering indoor exposure to DEHP to promote sustainable buildings and children’s health in China.

关键词： indoor air di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate children exposure control strategies health benefits

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Effects of acid-rock reaction on physical properties during CO_(2)-rich industrial waste gas(CO_(2)-rich IWG)injection in shale reservoirs

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 272-285页

作者： Yi-Fan Wang Jing Wang Hui-Qing Liu Xiao-cong lv Ze-Min Ji National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China Research Institute of Exploration and Development PetroChinaBeijing100083China

"Carbon peaking and carbon neutrality"is an essential national strategy,and the geological storage and utilization of CO_(2)is a hot issue today.However,due to the scarcity of pure CO_(2)gas sources in China and the high cost of CO_(2)capture,CO_(2)-rich industrial waste gas(CO_(2)-rich IWG)is gradually emerging into the public's gaze.CO_(2)has good adsorption properties on shale surfaces,but acidic gases can react with shale,so the mechanism of the CO_(2)-rich IWG-water-shale reaction and the change in reservoir properties will determine the stability of geological storage.Therefore,based on the mineral composition of the Longmaxi Formation shale,this study constructs a thermodynamic equilibrium model of water-rock reactions and simulates the regularity of reactions between CO_(2)-rich IWG and shale minerals.The results indicate that CO_(2)consumed 12%after reaction,and impurity gases in the CO_(2)-rich IWG can be dissolved entirely,thus demonstrating the feasibility of treating IWG through water-rock reactions.Since IWG inhibits the dissolution of CO_(2),the optimal composition of CO_(2)-rich IWG is 95%CO_(2)and 5%IWG when CO_(2)geological storage is the main goal.In contrast,when the main goal is the geological storage of total CO_(2)-rich IWG or impurity gas,the optimal CO_(2)-rich IWG composition is 50%CO_(2)and 50%IWG.In the CO_(2)-rich IWG-water-shale reaction,temperature has less influence on the water-rock reaction,while pressure is the most important parameter.SO2 has the greatest impact on water-rock reaction in gas.For minerals,clay minerals such as illite and montmorillonite had a significant effect on water-rock reaction.The overall reaction is dominated by precipitation and the volume of the rock skeleton has increased by 0.74 cm3,resulting in a decrease in shale porosity,which enhances the stability of CO_(2)geological storage to some extent.During the reaction between CO_(2)-rich IWG-water-shale at simulated temperatures and pressures,precipitation is the main reaction,and shale porosity decrease

关键词： CO_(2)-rich industrial waste gas Geological storage Acid-rock reaction Shale Geochemical modelling

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A neural m^(6)A pathway regulates behavioral aggregation in migratory locusts

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1242-1254页

作者： Xianliang Huang Qing Li Yanan xu Ang Li Shanzheng Wang Yusheng Chen Chunrui Zhang Xia Zhang Hailin Wang cong lv Baofa Sun Shaoqin Li Le Kang Bing Chen School of Life Science Institutes of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaoding 071002China College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Health Sciences Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Beijing Institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

RNA N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A),as the most abundant modification of messenger RNA,can modulate insect behaviors,but its specific roles in aggregation behaviors remain unexplored.Here,we conducted a comprehensive molecular and physiological characterization of the individual components of the methyltransferase and demethylase in the migratory locust Locusta migratoria.Our results demonstrated that METTL3,METTL14 and ALKBH5 were dominantly expressed in the brain and exhibited remarkable responses to crowding or isolation.The individual knockdown of methyltransferases(i.e.,METTL3 and METTL14)promoted locust movement and conspecific attraction,whereas ALKBH5 knockdown induced a behavioral shift toward the solitary phase.Furthermore,global transcriptome profiles revealed that m^(6)A modification could regulate the orchestration of gene expression to fine tune the behavioral aggregation of locusts.In summary,our in vivo characterization of the m^(6)A functions in migratory locusts clearly demonstrated the crucial roles of the m^(6)A pathway in effectively modulating aggregation behaviors.

关键词： RNA methylation N^(6)-methyladenosine transcriptional orchestration aggregation behavior Locusta migratoria

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Widespread and active piezotolerant microorganisms mediate phenolic compound degradation under high hydrostatic pressure in hadal trenches

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 331-348页

作者： Hao Ling Yongxin lv Yu Zhang Ning‑Yi Zhou Ying xu State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences and School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Oceanography Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key of Laboratory of Ocean Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Phenolic compounds,as well as other aromatic compounds,have been reported to be abundant in hadal trenches.Although high-throughput sequencing studies have hinted at the potential of hadal microbes to degrade these compounds,direct microbiological,genetic and biochemical evidence under in situ pressures remain absent.Here,a microbial consortium and a pure culture of Pseudomonas,newly isolated from Mariana Trench sediments,efficiently degraded phenol under pressures up to 70 and 60 MPa,respectively,with concomitant increase in biomass.By analyzing a high-pressure(70 MPa)culture metatranscriptome,not only was the entire range of metabolic processes under high pressure generated,but also genes encod-ing complete phenol degradation via ortho-and meta-cleavage pathways were revealed.The isolate of Pseudomonas also contained genes encoding the complete degradation pathway.Six transcribed genes(dmpKLMNOP_(sed))were functionally identified to encode a multicomponent hydroxylase catalyzing the hydroxylation of phenol and its methylated derivatives by heterogeneous expression.In addition,key catabolic genes identified in the metatranscriptome of the high-pressure cultures and genomes of bacterial isolates were found to be all widely distributed in 22 published hadal microbial metagenomes.At microbiological,genetic,bioinformatics,and biochemical levels,this study found that microorganisms widely found in hadal trenches were able to effectively drive phenolic compound degradation under high hydrostatic pressures.This information will bridge a knowledge gap concerning the microbial aromatics degradation within hadal trenches.

关键词： Hadal trench High hydrostatic pressure Phenolic compounds degradation Piezotolerant microorganisms Widespread distribution

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Effective protective agents against the organ toxicity of T-2 toxin and corresponding detoxification mechanisms: A narrative review

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 251-266页

作者： Pengju Wang lv-hui Sun xu Wang Qinghua Wu Aimei Liu Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy Medicine Research Institute Xianning Medical College Hubei University of Science and Technology Hubei Hongshan Laboratory College of Animal Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues Huazhong Agricultural University College of Life Science Yangtze University

T-2 toxin is one of the most widespread and toxic fungal toxins in food and feed. It can cause gastrointestinal toxicity, hepatotoxicity, immunotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity in humans and animals. T-2 toxin is physicochemically stable and does not readily degrade during food and feed processing. Therefore, suppressing T-2 toxin-induced organ toxicity through antidotes is an urgent issue. Protective agents against the organ toxicity of T-2 toxin have been recorded widely in the literature, but these protective agents and their molecular mechanisms of detoxification have not been comprehensively summarized. In this review, we provide an overview of the various protective agents to T-2 toxin and the molecular mechanisms underlying the detoxification effects. Targeting appropriate targets to antagonize T-2 toxin toxicity is also an important option. This review will provide essential guidance and strategies for the better application and development of T-2 toxin antidotes specific for organ toxicity in the future.

关键词： T-2 toxin Organ toxicity Protective agent Detoxification mechanism

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Introducing urea into tirapazamine derivatives to enhance anticancer therapy

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 245-253页

作者： Yajun xu Jianlin lv Chaoying Kong Ya Liu Kun Wang Zhaohui Tang xuesi Chen Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China

Tirapazamine（TPZ） has been approved for multiple clinical trials relying on its excellent anticancer potential.However,as a typical hypoxia-activated prodrug（HAP）,TPZ did not exhibit survival advantages in Phase Ⅲ clinical trials when used in combination therapy due to the insufficient hypoxia levels in patients' tumors.In this study,to improve the therapeutic effects of TPZ,we first introduced urea to synthesize a series of urea-containing derivatives of TPZ.All urea-containing TPZ derivatives showed increased hypoxic cytotoxicity（9.51-30.85-fold） compared with TPZ,while maintaining hypoxic selectivity.TPZP,one of these derivatives,showed 20-fold higher cytotoxicity than TPZ while maintaining a similar hypoxic cytotoxicity ratio.To highly efficiently deliver TPZP to the tumors and reduce its side effects on healthy tissues,we further prepared TPZP into a nanodrug with fibrin-targeting ability:FT11-TPZP-NPs.CA4-NPs,a vascular disrupting agent,was used to increase the fibrin level within tumors and exacerbate tumor hypoxia.By being combined with CA4-NPs,FT11-TPZP-NPs can accumulate in the hypoxia-aggravated tumors and activate sufficiently to kill tumor cells.After a single-dose treatment,FT11-TPZP-NPs+CA4-NPs showed a high inhibition rate of 98.1% against CT26 tumor models with an initial volume of ～480 mm3and four out of six tumors were completely eliminated;it thereby exerted a significant antitumor effect.This study provides a new strategy for improving the therapeutic effect of TPZ and other HAPs in anticancer therapy.

关键词： tirapazamine vascular disrupting agent hypoxia-activated prodrug combretastatin A4 urea

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Chain Dynamics Heterogeneity in Plasticized Poly(vinyl butyral)(PVB) as Elucidated by Solid-State NMR

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第1期42卷 113-124,I0010页

作者： Jing lv xu Chen Zi-Shuo Wu Ya-Hui Li Wei Chen National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer FilmCAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryUniversity of Scienceand Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

The chain dynamics heterogeneity of the poly(vinyl butyral)(PVB) plasticized by triethylene glycol bis(2-ethylhexa noate)(TEG-EH) was investigated by various solid-state NMR techniques.The plasticized PVB shows two domains in distinct molecular dynamics differences,namely,rigid and soft domains,where the latter is the plasticizer-rich domain.The time domain low field NMR was first used to investigate the dynamics heterogeneity of the plasticized PVB,and the results show the decreasing activated energy of components in the soft domain of plasticized PVB(E_a=20.2 kJ/mol) as compared with that of the pristine one(E_a=24.3 kJ/mol).Detailed dynamics heterogeneity was obtained by high-field NMR with site-specific features.The quadrupole-echo ~2H-NMR was adopted to elucidate the dynamics heterogeneity of the vinyl alcohol(VA) units,where only the hydroxyl group of VA is deuterated.The ~1H-^(13)C WISE NMR spectra show that there is not much difference in the mobility of the VB unit in PVB with and without plasticizer,whereas the glass transition temperature differed by approximately 53℃.This is further supported by Torchia's T_1 relaxation measurements.The origin of such an unusual phenomenon is attributed to the critical role of the remaining VA(~22%) in the soft domain,where the VA units locally aggregate through hydrogen bonding.Also,the existence of a mobility gradient in the VB unit has been demonstrated.Moreover,the mobility difference for VB with different stereo-geometry(meso or racemic conformation) is observed for the first time.This indicates the importance of modulating the ratio of meso over racemic VB for controlling the macroscopic perfo rmance of PVB.

关键词： Poly(vinyl butyral) Dynamics heterogeneity Plasticizer Solid state NMR

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Association between childhood obesity and gut microbiota:16S rRNA gene sequencing-based cohort study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第16期30卷 2249-2257页

作者： xu-Ming Li Qing lv Ya-Jun Chen Lu-Biao Yan Xin Xiong Laboratory Department Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital(Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital)Nanjing 210004Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pediatrics Shenzhen University General HospitalShenzhen 518055Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Inspection Division Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University(Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital)Nanjing 210004Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pediatrics Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University(Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital)Nanjing 210004Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neonatology Chenzhou First People’s HospitalChenzhou 423000Hunan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify characteristic gut genera in obese and normal-weight children(8-12 years old)using 16S rDNA sequencing.The research aimed to provide insights for mechanistic studies and prevention strategies for childhood obesity.Thirty normal-weight and thirty age-and sex-matched obese children were included.Questionnaires and body measurements were collected,and fecal samples underwent 16S rDNA sequencing.Significant differences in body mass index(BMI)and body-fat percentage were observed between the groups.Analysis of gut microbiota diversity revealed lowerα-diversity in obese children.Differences in gut microbiota composition were found between the two groups.Prevotella and Firmicutes were more abundant in the obese group,while Bacteroides and Sanguibacteroides were more prevalent in the control group.AIM To identify the characteristic gut genera in obese and normal-weight children(8-12-year-old)using 16S rDNA sequencing,and provide a basis for subsequent mechanistic studies and prevention strategies for childhood obesity.METHODS Thirty each normal-weight,1:1 matched for age and sex,and obese children,with an obese status from 2020 to 2022,were included in the control and obese groups,respectively.Basic information was collected through questionnaires and body measurements were obtained from both obese and normal-weight children.Fecal samples were collected from both groups and subjected to 16S rDNA sequencing using an Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform for gut microbiota diversity analysis.RESULTS Significant differences in BMI and body-fat percentage were observed between the two groups.The Ace and Chao1 indices were significantly lower in the obese group than those in the control group,whereas differences were not significant in the Shannon and Simpson indices.Kruskal-Wallis tests indicated significant differences in unweighted and weighted UniFrac distances between the gut microbiota of normal-weight and obese children(P<0.01),suggesting substantial disparities in both the species

关键词： Childhood obesity Gut microbiota 16S rDNA sequencing Diversity analysis Genus identification Body mass index

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