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Aquaporin-4-IgG-seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders:progress of experimental models based on disease pathogenesis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 354-365页

作者： Li xu Huiming xu Changyong Tang Department of Neurology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders are neuroinflammatory demyelinating disorders that lead to permanent visual loss and motor *** date,no effective treatment exists as the exact causative mechanism remains ***,experimental models of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders are essential for exploring its pathogenesis and in screening for therapeutic *** most patients w.th neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders are seropositive for IgG autoantibodies against aquaporin-4,w.ich is highly expressed on the membrane of astrocyte endfeet,most current experimental models are based on aquaporin-4-IgG that initially targets *** experimental models have successfully simulated many pathological features of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders,such as aquaporin-4 loss,astrocytopathy,granulocyte and macrophage infiltration,complement activation,demyelination,and neuronal loss;how.ver,they do not fully capture the pathological process of human neuromyelitis optica spectrum *** this review.w. summarize the currently k.ow. pathogenic mechanisms and the development of associated experimental models in vitro,ex vivo,and in vivo for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders,suggest potential pathogenic mechanisms for further investigation,and provide guidance on experimental model *** addition,this review.summarizes the latest information on pathologies and therapies for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders based on experimental models of aquaporin-4-IgG-seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders,offering further therapeutic targets and a theoretical basis for clinical trials.

关键词： aquaporin-4 experimental model neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder pathogenesis

Reducing the measurement errors in nonadiabatic holonomic quantum computers

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 64-70页

作者： Guo-Fu xu Department of Physics Shandong University

Nonadiabatic holonomic quantum computers serve as the physical platform for nonadiabatic holonomic quantum *** quantum computation has entered the noisy intermediate-scale era, building accurate intermediate-scale nonadiabatic holonomic quantum computers is clearly necessary. Given that measurements are the sole means of extracting information, they play an indispensable role in nonadiabatic holonomic quantum computers. Accordingly, developing methods to reduce measurement errors in nonadiabatic holonomic quantum computers is of great importance. How.ver, w.ile much attention has been given to the research on nonadiabatic holonomic gates, the research on reducing measurement errors in nonadiabatic holonomic quantum computers is severely lack.ng. In this study, w. propose a measurement error reduction method tailored for intermediate-scale nonadiabatic holonomic quantum computers. The reason w. say this is because our method can not only reduce the measurement errors in the computer but also be useful in mitigating errors originating from nonadiabatic holonomic gates. Given these features,our method significantly advances the construction of accurate intermediate-scale nonadiabatic holonomic quantum computers.

关键词： quantum holonomy quantum computation measurement errors

Mitophagy in acute central nervous system injuries:regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potentials

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2437-2453页

作者： Siyi xu Junqiu Jia Rui Mao Xiang Cao Yun xu Department of Neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalClinical College of Jiangsu UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegeNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina State k.y Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Jiangsu k.y Laboratory for Molecular Medicine Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Nanjing Neurology Medical Center NanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina

Acute central nervous system injuries,including ischemic stro k.,intracerebral hemorrhage,subarachnoid hemorrhage,traumatic brain injury,and spinal co rd injury,are a major global health *** optimal therapies and improving the long-term neurological functions of patients w.th acute central nervous system injuries are urgent *** are susceptible to damage after acute central nervous system injury,and this leads to the release of toxic levels of reactive oxygen species,w.ich induce cell ***,a selective form of autophagy,is crucial in eliminating redundant or damaged mitochondria during these *** evidence has highlighted the significant role of mitophagy in acute central nervous system *** this review.w. provide a comprehensive overview.of the process,classification,and related mechanisms of *** also highlight the recent developments in research into the role of mitophagy in various acute central nervous system injuries and drug therapies that regulate *** the final section of this review.w. emphasize the potential for treating these disorders by focusing on mitophagy and suggest future research paths in this area.

关键词： autophagy intracerebral hemorrhage ischemic strok. mitochondria mitochondrial biogenesis mitochondrial quality control mitophagy spinal cord injury subarachnoid hemorrhage traumatic brain injury

Industrial w.ter treatment and industrial marine outfalls： Achieving the right balance

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2016年第4期10卷 472-479页

作者： Adrian w. k. Law.Chunyan Tang Environmental Process Modelling Centre Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637141 Singapore School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore

Industrial w.ter treatment and industrial marine outfalls both function together to reduce the pollutant concentrations in the effluent and mitigate the potential impact on the environment. The former uses environ- mental treatment technology w.th energy and material cost considerations, w.ile the latter utilizes the natural assimilation potential of the coastal w.ter environment achievable at the outfall location. Because of their synergistic nature, marine outfalls are now.commonly used for the disposal of partially treated domestic and industrial effluents in many coastal cities around the w.rld, w.th many successful examples of low.and acceptable risk. to the environment. The objective of this paper is to review.their balance from both environmental and economic considerations. w. also discuss the end-of-the-pipe and mixing zone approaches for industrial effluents, and give some recommendations particularly for developing coun- tries. Finally, w. emphasize that a compulsory and vigorous monitoring program is essential regardless of how.the balance is achieved.

关键词： industrial effluent treatment industrial marineoutfalls economic and environmental considerations

Enantio-divergent C–H borylation w.th tw. different ligands from a single chiral source

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期 226-232页

作者： Rongrong Du Senmiao xu State k.y Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material TechnologyMinistry of Education Hangzhou Normal University University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Reported here is an iridium-catalyzed enantio-divergent C（sp3）–H borylation of α-gem-dimethyl groups of trifluoromethyl k.tone-derived hydrazones to construct a series of acyclic all-carbon quaternary stereocenters w.th a high level of chiral induction. Tw. different chiral bidentate boryl ligands from a common chiral source not only can sw.tch the enantioselectivity but also are complementary in terms of the substrate scope.

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Value distribution theory and the research of Yang Lo

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Science China Mathematics 2010年第3期53卷 513-522页

作者： HAYMAN w. k. Department of Mathematics Imperial College London South Kensington Campus

Value distribution theory is concerned w.th the position and frequency of solutions of the equation f(z) = a. Here f may be entire, i.e. an everyw.ere convergent pow.r series or meromorphic, i.e. the ratio of tw. such series, or a function in some other domains, such as an angle or a disk. Yang Lo’s significant contributions to this area w.ll be highlighted. Some of his important contributions to normal families w.ll also be described.

关键词： meromorphic function value distribution deficient value angular distribution

How.does innovation's tail risk.determine marginal tail risk.of a stationary financial time series?

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Science China Mathematics 2004年第3期47卷 321-338页

作者： YU Bosco w. T. PANG w. k. Department of Business Studies The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong KongDepartment of Applied Mathematics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong

w. discuss the relationship betw.en the marginal tail risk.probability and the innovation'stail risk.probability for some stationary financial time series *** first give the main results on the tail behavior of a class of infinite w.ighted sums of random variablesw.th heavy-tailed probabilities. And then, the main results are applied tothree important types of time series models:infinite order moving averages, the simple bilinear time series and the solutions of stochasticdifference equations. The explicit formulas are given to describe how.the marginaltail probabilities come from the innovation's tail probabilities for these time *** results can be applied to the tail estimation of time series and are useful for risk.analysis in finance.

关键词： risk analysis, infinite w.ighted sum, moving average, bilinear model, stochastic difference equation, tail probability, vague convergence.

A surface engineering strategy for the stabilization of zinc metal anodes w.th montmorillonite layers tow.rd long-life rechargeable aqueous zinc ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 94-105页

作者： w.nbo w.ng Ruifeng xu xu Zhang Peiyu w.ng Bao Yang Bingjun Yang Juan Yang k.ilimai Su Pengjun Ma Yanan Deng Xianfeng Fan w.njun Chen k.y Laboratory for Electronic Materials College of Electrical Engineering Northwest Minzu University Resource Chemistry and Energy Materials Research Center State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute for Materials and Processes School of Engineering University of Edinburgh

Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries （AZIBs） exhibit appreciable potential in the domain of electrochemical energy ***,there are serious challenges for AZIBs,for instance zinc dendrite grow.h,hydrogen evolution reaction （HER）,and corrosion side ***,w. propose a surface engineering modification strategy for coating the montmorillonite （MMT） layer onto the surface of the Zn anode to tack.e these issues,thereby achieving high cycling stability for rechargeable *** results reveal that the MMT layer on the surface of the Zn anode is able to provide ordered zincophilic channels for zinc ions migration,facilitating the reaction k.netics of zinc *** functional theory（DFT） calculations and w.ter contact angle （CA） tests prove that MMT@Zn anode exhibits superior adsorption capacity for Zn2+and better hydrophobicity than the bare Zn anode,thereby achieving excellent cycling ***,the MMT@Zn||MMT@Zn symmetric cell holds the stable cycling over 5600 h at 0.5 mA cm-2and 0.125 m A h cm-2,even exceeding 1800 h long cycling under harsh conditions of 5 m A cm-2and 1.25 m A h *** MMT@Zn||V2O5full cell reaches over 3000 cycles at 2 A g-1w.th excellent rate ***,this surface engineering modification strategy for enhancing the electrochemical performance of AZIBs represents a promising application.

关键词： Surface engineering strategy Montmorillonite layer Protection mechanism of Zn anode Cycling stability Aqueous zinc ion batteries

Integral Transform Methods for Inverse Problem of Heat Conduction w.th k.ow. Boundary of a Thin Rectangular Object and its Stresses

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Journal of Thermal Science 2012年第5期21卷 459-465页

作者： Navneet k. Lamba N. w. k.obragade Department of Mathematics MJP Educational Campus RTM Nagpur UniversityNagpur 440 033 India

The three-dimensional inverse transient thermoelastic problem for a thin rectangular object is considered w.thin the context of the theory of generalized thermoelasticity. The upper surface of the rectangular object occupying the space D： -a〈xSa; -b〈_y〈b; 0〈z〈h; w.th the k.ow. boundary conditions. Laplace and Finite Marchi-Fasulo transform techniques are used to determine the unk.ow. temperature, temperature distribution, displacement and thermal stresses on upper plane surface of a thin rectangular object. The distributions of the considered physical variables are obtained and represented graphically.

关键词： Thin rectangular plate three dimensional inverse transient thermoelastic problem Marchi- Fasulo transform and Laplace transform.