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Nitrogen assimilation in plants:current status and future prospects

Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2022年第5期49卷 394-404页

作者： xiujie liu Bin Hu Chengcai Chu State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyThe Innovative Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Advanced Agricultural Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory SanyaHainan 572025China College of Agriculture South China Agricultural UniversityGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and TechnologyGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China

Nitrogen(N)is the driving force for crop yields;however,excessive N application in agriculture not only increases production cost,but also causes severe environmental problems.Therefore,comprehensively understanding the molecular mechanisms of N use efficiency(NUE)and breeding crops with higher NUE is essential to tackle these problems.NUE of crops is determined by N uptake,transport,assimilation,and remobilization.In the process of N assimilation,nitrate reductase(NR),nitrite reductase(Ni R),glutamine synthetase(GS),and glutamine-2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase(GOGAT,also known as glutamate synthase)are the major enzymes.NR and Ni R mediate the initiation of inorganic N utilization,and GS/GOGAT cycle converts inorganic N to organic N,playing a vital role in N assimilation and the final NUE of crops.Besides,asparagine synthetase(ASN),glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH),and carbamoyl phosphate synthetase(CPSase)are also involved.In this review,we summarize the function and regulation of these enzymes reported in three major crops—rice,maize,and wheat,also in the model plant Arabidopsis,and we highlight their application in improving NUE of crops via manipulating N assimilation.Anticipated challenges and prospects toward fully understanding the function of N assimilation and further exploring the potential for NUE improvement are discussed.

关键词： Nitrogen assimilation Nitrate reduction Ammonium assimilation Nitrogen use efficiency Crops

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Nitrate confers rice adaptation to high ammonium by suppressing its uptake but promoting its assimilation

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Molecular Plant 2023年第12期16卷 1871-1874页

作者： Yu Yan Zhihua Zhang Huwei Sun xiujie liu Junpeng Xie Yahong Qiu Tuanyao Chai Chengcai Chu Bin Hu College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement College of Plant ScienceJilin UniversityChangchun 130062China Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture College of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Key Laboratory for Enhancing Resource Use Efficiency of Crops in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China

Dear Editor,earEaltor,Nitrogen(N)is the most important macronutrient driving plant growth and development.For higher plants,inorganic N including nitrate(NO_(3)^(-))and ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))are predominant N sources(Hu et al.,2023).Nitrate needs to be firstly reduced into ammonium to implement its assimilation,thus requiring a higher energy consumption than ammonium,making ammonium more cost effective for plants.However,ammonium usually causes severe growth retardation of plants under high concentration,which is known as ammonium toxicity.The concentrations of nitrate and ammonium greatly vary in different soil environments.Nitrate is the major inorganic N form in dry land,while ammonium accounts for thehighest proportion of inorganic N in the paddy field,where nitrification is suppressed(Haynes and Goh,1978).Although nitrogen is generally one of the most important contributing factors for yield increase,irrational fertilization strategies can cause negative effects.

关键词： ammonium nitrate inorganic

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Soybean hairy roots produced in vitro by Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation

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The Crop Journal 2018年第2期6卷 162-171页

作者： Li Chen Yupeng Cai xiujie liu Chen Guo Shi Sun Cunxiang Wu Bingjun Jiang Tianfu Han Wensheng Hou National Center for Transgenic Research in Plants Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing) Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Soybean is one of the world's most important oil and protein crops. Efficient transformation is a key factor for the improvement of soybean by genetic modification. We describe an optimized protocol for the Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation of soybean and the induction of hairy root development in vitro. Cotyledons with 0.5-cm hypocotyls were cut from 5-day-old seedlings and used as explants. After infection and co-cultivation,hairy roots were produced in induction culture medium after 10–12 days. Using this method, 90%–99% of the infected explants of five different cultivars produced hairy roots within one month. Observations using reporter constructs showed that 30%–60% of the hairy roots induced were transformed. Based on high transformation efficiency and short transformation period, this method represents an efficient and rapid platform for study of soybean gene function.

关键词： Agrobacterium rhizogenes Hairy root Protocol Soybean Transformation

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Modulation of nitrate-induced phosphate response by the MYB transcription factor RLI1/HINGE1 in the nucleus

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Molecular Plant 2021年第3期14卷 517-529页

作者： Zhihua Zhang Zhao Li Wei Wang Zhimin Jiang Liping Guo Xiaohan Wang Yangwen Qian Xiahe Huang Yongqiang liu xiujie liu Yahong liu Aifu Li Yu Yan Junpeng Xie Shouyun Cao Stanislav Kopriva Legong Li Fanjiang Kong Baohui liu Yingchun Wang Bin Hu Chengcai Chu State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biologythe Innovative Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina School of Life Sciences Guangzhou University.GuangzhouChina College of Plant Science Jilin UniversityChangchunChina Biogle Genome Editing Center ChangzhouChina State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biologythe Innovative Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of Advanced Agricultural Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Botanical Institute Cluster of Excellence on Plant SciencesUniversity of CologneCologneGermany College of Life Sciences Capital Normal UniversityBeijingChina

The coordinated utilization of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)is vital for plants to maintain nutrient balance and achieve optimal growth.Previously,we revealed a mechanism by which nitrate induces genes for phosphate utilization;this mechanism depends on NRT1.1B-facilitated degradation of cytoplasmic SPX4,which in turn promotes cytoplasmic-nuclear shuttling of PHR2,the central transcription factor of phosphate signaling,and triggers the nitrate-induced phosphate response(NIPR)and N-P coordinated utilization in rice.In this study,we unveiled a fine-tuning mechanism of NIPR in the nucleus regulated by Highly Induced by Nitrate Gene 1(HINGE1,also known as RLI1),a MYB-transcription factor closely related to PHR2.RLI1/HINGE1,which is transcriptionally activated by PHR2 under nitrate induction,can directly activate the expression of phosphate starvation-induced genes.More importantly,RLI1/HINGE1 competes with PHR2 for binding to its repressor proteins in the nucleus(SPX proteins),and consequently releases PHR2 to further enhance phosphate response.Therefore,RLI1/HINGE1 amplifies the phosphate response in the nucleus downstream of the cytoplasmic SPX4-PHR2 cascade,thereby enabling fine-tuning of N-P balance when nitrate supply is sufficient.

关键词： rice NIPR RLI1/HINGE1 PHR2 SPXs nucleus

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Elevated methionine content in soybean seed by overexpressing maizeβ-zein protein

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Oil Crop Science 2020年第1期5卷 11-16页

作者： Chen Guo xiujie liu Li Chen Yupeng Cai Weiwei Yao Shan Yuan Cunxiang Wu Tianfu Han Shi Sun Wensheng Hou National Center for Transgenic Research in Plants Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology(Beijing) Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina

Soybean provides superior and readily available protein for human and livestock.However,nutritional value of soybean is limited due to the deficiency of an essential amino acid,methionine.To improve total methionine content of soybean,a methionine-rich seed storage protein,β-zein,was introduced into soybean cultivar’Jack’under the control of legumin B4 promoter or Ca MV 35S promoter.Totally 4 T3transgenic lines exhibited higher expression levels of foreign genes,and legumin B4 promoter directed a stronger accumulation ofβ-zein protein than Ca MV 35S promoter.Compared to wild type plant,total methionine content in transgenic soybean seeds significantly increased by up to approximately 15%.Although the introduction ofβ-zein gene improved total methionine content,the level was negligible compared to native soybean storage proteins,implying that the inadequate soluble methionine is the limiting factor.Based on these observations,a new strategy for simultaneously increasing the"source"and"sink"of methionine metabolism is proposed to further improvement of total methionine content in soybean seed.

关键词： Soybean Protein Methionine β-Zein Nutrition

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Content Determination about the Pharmacological Constituents of Salvia miltiorrhiza Cultivated in Jizhou District

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Medicinal Plant 2017年第5期8卷 27-28,44页

作者： Ludi TIAN xiujie liu Yi PEI Zanxue WU Wen XU Fang liu Jiangli NIE Jinfeng MAO College of Horticulture and Gardening Tianjin Agricultural University Tianjin Cuiping Lake Science Park

[Objectives] To evaluate the quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza cultivated in Jizhou District. [Methods]With Salvia miltiorrhiza cultivated in Jizhou District as test material,HPLC was used to study the content of its pharmacological constituents( tanshinone II A,tanshinone I and danshinolic acid B). [Results] For Salvia miltiorrhiza cultivated in Jizhou District,tanshinone II A content was 0. 014%,tanshinone I content was 0. 4212%,and danshinolic acid B content was 3. 018%,higher than the standard specified in Pharmacopoeia( 2015).[Conclusions]The quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza met the requirements of medication.

关键词： Salvia miltiorrhiza Pharmacological constituents Jizhou District

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Identification of transgene insertions in two genetically modified soybeans using high throughput next generation sequencing

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Oil Crop Science 2018年第2期3卷 92-98页

作者： Shouwei Zhang Shi Sun Jing Sun xiujie liu Wensheng Hou Tingting Wu Cunxiang Wu Tianfu Han Bingjun Jiang MOA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing) Institute of Crop ScienceThe Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Genetically modified(GM) organisms are widely adopted. However, their safety assessments and control are still of special concern to the public. Identifying and localizing transgene insertion is an essentially prerequisite step. In this study, 2 independent transgene soybean lines were selected(LB4-AtDCGS-1-20-5-2 and CGS-ZG11) as typical cases. Both lines contained expression cassette of At-DCGS that encoding a feedback-insensitive cystathionine gamma-synthase to produce higher level methionine(Met). LB4-AtDCGS-1-20-5-2 was whole genome sequenced with one paired-end 500 bp library and two mate-paired 1 kb and 2 kb libraries using Illumina HiSeq sequencing platform. CGS-ZG11 was sequenced with only one paired-end 500 bp library. Both genomes were assembled,and 2 scaffold sequences(1 for each line) were screened out by aligning with transgene.Then the transgene insertion and its flanking regions in soybean genome were further identified and confirmed by PCR cloning and Sanger sequencing. Results showed that these 2 transgene lines had single copy of inserted transgene. Their transgene insertion contents were identified, which facilitates further safety assessment. These results indicated that genome assembly using high throughput sequencing is a powerful tool for identifying transgene insertions, even with limited knowledge.

关键词： genetically modified soybean high methionine transgene insertion identification,next generation sequencing

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胶质瘤组织lncRNA SNHG25、miR-497-5p表达与临床特征及预后的关系研究

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国际检验医学杂志 2024年第12期45卷 1463-1468页

作者：段晓伟张宁王晶高立威刘秀杰王喜旺于国渊邯郸市中心医院神经外二科河北邯郸056000

目的探讨胶质瘤组织长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)小核仁RNA宿主基因(SNHG)25、微小RNA(miR)-497-5p表达与临床特征及预后的关系。方法选择2019年1月至2020年1月该院收治的157例胶质瘤患者为胶质瘤组,同期该院100例因颅脑损伤接受手术治疗的患... 详细信息

目的探讨胶质瘤组织长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)小核仁RNA宿主基因(SNHG)25、微小RNA(miR)-497-5p表达与临床特征及预后的关系。方法选择2019年1月至2020年1月该院收治的157例胶质瘤患者为胶质瘤组,同期该院100例因颅脑损伤接受手术治疗的患者为对照组。分别取术中切除的胶质瘤组织和正常脑组织检测lncRNA SNHG25、miR-497-5p表达水平,术后随访3年。分析lncRNA SNHG25表达水平与miR-497-5p的相关性,lncRNA SNHG25、miR-497-5p表达水平与患者临床特征和预后的关系。结果与对照组比较,胶质瘤组lncRNA SNHG25表达水平升高(P<0.05),miR-497-5p表达水平降低(P<0.05)。与肿瘤最大径<4 cm、世界卫生组织(WHO)中枢神经系统肿瘤分级Ⅰ~Ⅱ级比较,肿瘤最大径≥4 cm、WHO中枢神经系统肿瘤分级Ⅲ~Ⅳ级的胶质瘤组织中lncRNA SNHG25表达水平升高,miR-497-5p表达水平降低(P<0.05)。胶质瘤患者的lncRNA SNHG25表达水平与miR-497-5p呈负相关(r=-0.370,P<0.05)。lncRNA SNHG25高表达组累积生存率低于lncRNA SNHG25低表达组(P<0.05),miR-497-5p低表达组累积生存率低于miR-497-5p高表达组(P<0.05)。WHO中枢神经系统肿瘤分级Ⅲ~Ⅳ级、lncRNA SNHG25高表达是胶质瘤患者预后不良的危险因素(P<0.05),miR-497-5p高表达则是保护因素(P<0.05)。结论胶质瘤组织中lncRNA SNHG25表达水平升高,miR-497-5p表达水平降低,且与肿瘤最大径增大、WHO中枢神经系统肿瘤分级高有关,可导致胶质瘤患者不良预后。

关键词：胶质瘤长链非编码RNA 小核仁核糖核酸宿主基因微小RNA-497-5p

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Synthesis of 1-Aryl-1 H-indazoles via a Ligand-Free Copper- Catalyzed Intramolecular Amination Reaction

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2011年第6期29卷 1199-1204页

作者： Gao, Mingshan liu, xiujie Wang, Xianyang Cai, Qian Ding, Ke Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology and Institue of Chemical Biology Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou Guangdong 510530 China Jiangsu Provincial Institute of Materia Medica Nanjing University of Technology Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 China

从 o-halogenated 芳基醛或酉同类和芳基肼的 1-aryl-1-H-indazoles 的一般合成被描述。这个协议包括了一个分子间的冷凝作用和联合反应的一种 ligand 免费的催化铜的 intramolecular Ullmann 类型。这个方法被用于大量底层在好收益生产... 详细信息

从 o-halogenated 芳基醛或酉同类和芳基肼的 1-aryl-1-H-indazoles 的一般合成被描述。这个协议包括了一个分子间的冷凝作用和联合反应的一种 ligand 免费的催化铜的 intramolecular Ullmann 类型。这个方法被用于大量底层在好收益生产 indazole 产品。

关键词：反应合成分子内催化胺化 Ullmann偶合反应配体芳基无氧铜铜催化

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西瓜深绿色果皮底色基因初步定位及候选基因预测

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高师理科学刊 2024年第6期44卷 62-67,80页

作者：安伯函张艳玲郭宇袁成志朱宇萌刘秀杰刘继秀高越高美玲齐齐哈尔大学生命科学与农林学院黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 齐齐哈尔大学黑龙江省抗性基因工程与寒地生物多样性保护重点实验室黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 齐齐哈尔市农业技术推广中心黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

果皮颜色是西瓜重要的外观性状,国内外学者研究发现,在不同遗传背景下,其调控基因不同.以深绿和浅绿果皮底色小果型西瓜品系K2,L1为母本和父本构建F_(2)遗传群体,对所构建遗传群体开展了果皮底色的基因初步定位.在实验室前期将高密度遗... 详细信息

果皮颜色是西瓜重要的外观性状,国内外学者研究发现,在不同遗传背景下,其调控基因不同.以深绿和浅绿果皮底色小果型西瓜品系K2,L1为母本和父本构建F_(2)遗传群体,对所构建遗传群体开展了果皮底色的基因初步定位.在实验室前期将高密度遗传图谱定位果皮底色基因FRC在八号染色体2.01 Mb的基础上,将FRC基因定位到了83.5 kb区段内(27 911 305~27 994 761bp).根据西瓜基因组“97103V2”的注释信息,发现在目标区段内包含15个已注释的基因,初步推测Cla97C08G161570为西瓜果皮底色候选基因,编码2-植基-1,4-萘醌甲基转移酶,该酶参与叶绿醌的生物合成,研究结果为西瓜果皮底色育种和精细定位果皮底色基因打下了基础.

关键词：西瓜果皮底色基因定位候选基因

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