Nitrogen assimilation in plants:current status and future prospects

作     者：Xiujie Liu Bin Hu Chengcai Chu Xiujie Liu;Bin Hu;Chengcai Chu

作者机构：State Key Laboratory of Plant GenomicsInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyThe Innovative Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Advanced Agricultural ScienceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed LaboratorySanyaHainan 572025China College of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and TechnologyGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China 

出 版 物：《Journal of Genetics and Genomics》 (遗传学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2022年第49卷第5期

页      面：394-404页

核心收录：

学科分类：09[农学] 0903[农学-农业资源与环境] 090302[农学-植物营养学] 

基　　金：supported by the Major Program of Guangdong Basic and Applied Research (2019B030302006) 

主　　题：Nitrogen assimilation Nitrate reduction Ammonium assimilation Nitrogen use efficiency Crops 

摘      要：Nitrogen(N)is the driving force for crop yields;however,excessive N application in agriculture not only increases production cost,but also causes severe environmental ***,comprehensively understanding the molecular mechanisms of N use efficiency(NUE)and breeding crops with higher NUE is essential to tackle these *** of crops is determined by N uptake,transport,assimilation,and *** the process of N assimilation,nitrate reductase(NR),nitrite reductase(Ni R),glutamine synthetase(GS),and glutamine-2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase(GOGAT,also known as glutamate synthase)are the major *** and Ni R mediate the initiation of inorganic N utilization,and GS/GOGAT cycle converts inorganic N to organic N,playing a vital role in N assimilation and the final NUE of ***,asparagine synthetase(ASN),glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH),and carbamoyl phosphate synthetase(CPSase)are also *** this review,we summarize the function and regulation of these enzymes reported in three major crops—rice,maize,and wheat,also in the model plant Arabidopsis,and we highlight their application in improving NUE of crops via manipulating N *** challenges and prospects toward fully understanding the function of N assimilation and further exploring the potential for NUE improvement are discussed.