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Diversity in metagenomic sequences reveals new pathogenic fungus associated with smut in Job's tears

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第9期19卷 2257-2264页

作者： LI Xiang-dong SHI Ming PAN hong LU xiu-juan WEI Xin-yuan LU Ping LIAN qi-xian FU Yu-hua Southwest Guizhou Institute of Karst Regional Development Xingyi 562400P.R.China Adlay of Engineering Technical Research Centre in Guizhou Xingyi 562400P.R.China Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China Xingyi Normal University for Nationalities Xingyi 562400P.R.China Guizhou Institute of Subtropical Crops Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesXingyi 562400P.R.China

Smut is a serious disease in Job's tears,also known as adlay,and contributes to the reduction of crop yield in agricultural *** this study,the key pathogenic fungi in adlay smut disease were first identified by internal transcribed spacer region(ITS)high-throughput sequencing and then used to elucidate the composition and diversity of the fungal community in adlay *** indicate that an abundance of operational taxonomic units(OTUs)were detected in the infected involucres of flowering plants and the OTUs were classified to nine phyla,20 classes,45 orders,90 families and 119 genera.A total of 4986 OTUs clustered together,sharing six core OTUs in all samples,while 145 OTUs were shared among four geographical *** Shannon and Simpson indices ranged from 0.137–1.629 and 0.357–0.970,*** diversity ranked as Anshun(AS)>qinglong(QL)>Xingren(XR)>Xingyi(XY)among the four geographical groups by Shannon and Simpson indices,exhibiting complex community diversities among accessions and geographical *** richness and diversity data imply a weak relationship between the accession community richness and geographical origins of *** closely related fungal genera,Sporisorium and Ustilago,were implicated as causes of smut *** genus Sporisorium appears to be more commonly found among accessions and thus is more likely to be the fungal pathogen causing smut in *** work can facilitate strategies to control and prevent smut infection to improve adlay yield.

关键词： metagenomic ITS smut Job's tears

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Preparation and Field Emission Properties of Titanium Polysulfide Nanobelt Films

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Nano Research 2009年第7期2卷 558-564页

作者： Xing Cai Wu You Rong Tao qi xiu Gao School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of EducationNanjingUniversityNanjing 210093China

TiS_(3) nanobelt films,with widths of about 0.112μm,thickness of about 20250 nm,and lengths of up to 200μm,have been grown on Ti substrates by a surface-assisted chemical-vapor-transport at 450°C for 8 *** TiS_(3) nanobelt films were converted into TiS_(1.71) nanobelt films by pyrolysis in a vacuum at 600°C for 2 *** work functions of the two films were determined by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy measurements to be 4.60 and 4.44 eV,*** field emission experiments using the nanostructures as cold electron cathodes showed that both materials gave significant emission *** turn-on fields(defined as the electric field required to produce a current density of 10μA/cm^(2))were about 1.0 and 0.9 V/μm,respectively,whereas the threshold fields(defined as the electric field required to produce a current density of 1 mA/cm^(2))were about 5.6 and 4.0 V/μm,*** data reveal that both materials have potential applications in field emission devices.

关键词： Nanowire film titanium sulfide chemical vapor-transport field emission

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Genome-Wide Scan for Positively Selected Genes in Sessile Molluscs Highlights the Genetic Basis for Their Adaptation to Attached Lifestyle

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2018年第4期17卷 920-924页

作者： YU hong LI qi Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ministry of Education Ocean University of China Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology

Molluscs are one of the most diverse groups of animals and exhibit a rich and diverse variety of form and lifestyle. Most molluscs live with a free-moving lifestyle, while some molluscs are sessile. The adaptation to the two distinct lifestyles required complex changes, from molecules to organs, and physiology to morphology. In this study, we conducted a genome-wide scan for positive selection by comparing the available genomes of two sessile molluscs with four free-moving molluscs. A total of 40 genes were identified undergoing positive selection in the sessile molluscs by the branch-site model. Functional characterization showed that they were mainly enriched in two pathways, Oxidative phosphorylation(OXPHOS) and TGF-beta signaling pathway. The unexpected positive selection on OXPHOS genes in sessile molluscs suggests that the adaptation of OXPHOS involves many factors beyond enhancing ATP production. A modified OXPHOS regulatory system may allow sessile molluscs to better cope with biotic and abiotic stresses. Moreover, positively selected genes in TGF-beta signaling pathway probably have played a key role in the patterning of body plans and growth in metazoans. We speculate that these genes are associated with the body structure and organic adaptation to a sedentary lifestyle in sessile bivalve molluscs.

关键词： molluscs adaptation evolution positive selection sessile lifestyle

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Two New Flavone Glucosides fromSerratula strangulata

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2001年第4期17卷 469-472页

作者： DAI Jing-qiu ZHU qi-xiu YANG Li LI Yu Institute of Organic Chemistry National Laboratory of Applied Organic ChemistryLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000P.R.China

Genus Serratula（Compositae）consists of about 70 species distributed throughout theworld[1]．Serratula species have been used as folk medicine to treat chickenpox，toxicosis，high cholesterol in China[2]. The phytochemical study of plant *** has not beenreported so *** the course of our searching for biologically active substances from thisplant，two new flavone glucosides（1，2）were *** present paper covers the isolationand structural elucidation of the two new compounds．

关键词： Serratula strangulata Compositae Flavone glucoside

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Isospin eigenstates of the color singlet-singlet-type pentaquark states

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2022年第9期65卷 44-51页

作者： xiu-Wu Wang Zhi-Gang Wang Guo-Liang Yu qi Xin Department of Physics North China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003China School of Nuclear Science and Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China

In this study,we constructed color singlet-singlet-type five-quark currents with isospins(I,I_(3))=(1/2,1/2)and(3/2,1/2)unambiguously to explore theDΣ_(c),DΣ^(∗)_(c),¯D∗Σc,andD^(∗)Σ^(∗)_(c)pentaquark states via the quantum chromodynamics sum rules for the first time,where¯D,Σc,···represent the color singlet clusters with the same quantum numbers as the corresponding physical mesons or *** numerical results support assigning P_(c)(4312),P_(c)(4380),P_(c)(4440),and P_(c)(4457)as theDΣ_(c),DΣ^(∗)_(c),¯D∗Σc,andD^(∗)Σ^(∗)_(c)pentaquark states,respectively,with the isospin I=1/*** correspondingDΣ_(c),DΣ^(∗)_(c),¯D∗Σc,andD^(∗)Σ^(∗)_(c)pentaquark states with the isospin I=3/2 have slightly larger *** observations of the high pentaquark candidates in the J=Δinvariant mass spectrum would shed light on the nature of the P_(c)states and contribute in distinguishing the scenarios of the color antitriplet-antitriplet-antitriplet-type and color singlet-singlet-type pentaquark states.

关键词： pentaquark states hadronic molecule QCD sum rules

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Nested Genetic Algorithm for Resolving Overlapped Spectral Bands

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2000年第7期11卷 603-604页

作者： xiu qi ZHANG Yun Hui ZENG Jian Bin ZHENG hong GAO(Institute of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069) NW Univ Xian Inst Electroanalyt Chem Xian 710069 Peoples R China

A nested genetic algorithm, including genetic parameter level and genetic implemented level for peak parameters, was proposed and applied for resolving overlapped spectral bands. By the genetic parameter level, parameters of generic algorithm were optimized; moreover, the number of overlapped peaks was determined simultaneously Then parameters of individual peaks were computed with the genetic implemented level.

关键词： nested genetic algorithm resolving overlapped bands spectra

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Synchronous conjugation of i-motif DNA and therapeutic siRNA on the vertexes of tetrahedral DNA nanocages for efficient gene silence

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第10期11卷 3286-3296页

作者： xiu Han Xiang Xu Ziheng Wu Zhenghong Wu Xiaole qi Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China Medical School of Nanjing University Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Parkville Campus Monash UniversityVIC 3052Australia

The functionality of DNA biomacromolecules has been widely excavated,as therapeutic drugs,carriers,and functionalized modification *** this study,we developed a series of DNA tetrahedron nanocages(Td),via synchronous conjugating different numbers of i-(X)and therapeutic siRNA on four vertexes of tetrahedral DNA nanocage(aX-Td@bsiRNA,a+b=4).This i-motif-conjugated Td exhibited good endosomal escape behaviours in A549 tumor cells,and the escape efficiency was affected by the number of ***,the downregulating mRNA and protein expression level of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)caused by this siRNA embedded Td were verified in A549 *** tumor growth inhibition efficiency of the 2X-Td@2siRNA treated group in tumorbearing mice was significantly higher than that of non-i-motif-conjugated Td@2siRNA(3.14-fold)and free siRNA(3.63-fold).These results demonstrate a general strategy for endowing DNA nanostructures with endosomal escape behaviours to achieve effective in vivo gene delivery and therapy.

关键词： i-motif siRNA Gene delivery DNA tetrahedron Endosomal escape Cancer Gene silence Biocompatibility

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Magnetic Helicity Injection in Solar Active Regions

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Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2006年第1期6卷 96-112页

作者： hong-qi Zhang National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012

We present the evolution of magnetic field and its relationship with magnetic （current） helicity in solar active regions from a series of photospheric vector magnetograms obtained by Huairou Solar Observing Station, longitudinal magnetograms by MDI of SOHO and white light images of TRACE. The photospheric current helicity density is a quantity reflecting the local twisted magnetic field and is related to the remaining magnetic helicity in the photosphere, even if the mean current helicity density brings the general chiral property in a layer of solar active regions. As new magnetic flux emerges in active regions, changes of photospheric cur- rent helicity density with the injection of magnetic helicity into the corona from the subatmosphere can be detected, including changes in sign caused by the injection of magnetic helicity of opposite sign. Because the injection rate of magnetic helicity and photospheric current helicity density have different means in the solar atmosphere, the injected magnetic helicity is probably not proportional to the current helicity density remaining in the photosphere. The evidence is that rotation of sunspots does not synchronize exactly with the twist of photospheric transverse magnetic field in some active regions （such as, delta active regions）. They represent different aspects of magnetic chirality. A combined analysis of the observational magnetic helicity parameters actually provides a relative complete picture of magnetic helicity and its transfer in the solar atmosphere.

关键词： Sun: activity Sun: magnetic fields

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巩固、发展与抗日:中央红军东征期间与各方势力之周旋

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河北学刊 2025年第1期45卷 218-224页

作者：郑康奇南开大学历史学院

1935年底,红军在陕北会师后积极进行扩红与筹粮运动。与此同时,中共中央审时度势决定进行东征,以图缓解陕北地区兵员、粮源的紧张局面。1936年2至5月,中央红军东渡黄河与阎锡山部作战,蒋介石也借机派兵进入山西。在红军东征的过程中,双... 详细信息

1935年底,红军在陕北会师后积极进行扩红与筹粮运动。与此同时,中共中央审时度势决定进行东征,以图缓解陕北地区兵员、粮源的紧张局面。1936年2至5月,中央红军东渡黄河与阎锡山部作战,蒋介石也借机派兵进入山西。在红军东征的过程中,双方高层展开了一系列的斗争与博弈。中共在东征中积极争取张学良与杨虎城部,统一战线策略取得了成功。这一时期,国际政治局势变幻莫测,中国共产党与共产国际的关系也产生了一些微妙变化。在与国际国内各方的政治博弈中,中共的政策逐渐走向成熟,为第二次国共合作奠定了重要基础。

关键词：红军东征扩红政治势力抗日战争

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Staged dendrite suppression for high safe and stable lithium-sulfur batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 674-683页

作者： Jun Jiang Zhenjie Lu Yanwen Ding Shujun Liu Zhijie qi Tian Tang Yunfan Zhang Zhiyuan Ma Jingwen Sun Liang Xue Wenyao Zhang Pan Xiong Xin Wang Junwu Zhu Yongsheng Fu Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Science and Technology Jiangsu Pylon Battery Co.Ltd

The unavoidable dendrite growth and shuttle effect have long been stranglehold challenges limiting the safety and practicality of lithium-sulfur ***,we propose a dual-action strategy to address the lithium dendrite issue in stages by constructing a multifunctional surface-negatively-charged nanodiamond layer with high ductility and robust puncture resistance on polypropylene （PP） *** uniformly loaded compact negative layer can not only significantly enhance electron transmission efficiency and promote uniform lithium deposition,but also reduce the formation of dendrite during early deposition *** importantly,under the strong puncture stress encountered during the deterioration of lithium dendrite growth under limiting current,the high ductility and robust puncture resistance（145.88 MPa） of as-obtained nanodiamond layer can effectively prevent short circuits caused by unavoidable lithium *** Li||Li symmetrical cells assembled with nanodiamond layer modified PP demonstrated a stable cycle of over 1000 h at 2 mA cm-2with a polarization voltage of only 29.3 ***,the negative charged layer serves as a physical barrier blocking lithium polysulfide ions,effectively mitigating capacity *** improved cells achieved a capacity decay of only 0.042%per cycle after 700 cycles at 3 C,demonstrating effective suppression of dendrite growth and capacity attenuation,showing promising prospect.

关键词： Ductility

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