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The role of cholesterol metabolism in lung cancer

Oncology Research 2024年第10期32卷 1613-1621页

作者： xiu w. Liu X. Hu K. Zhang Q. Shi H. Department of Thoracic Oncology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China w.st China School of Medicine Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China Department of Postgraduate Students West China School of Medicine Chengdu 610041 China Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China

Elevated serum cholesterol metabolism is associated w.th a reduced risk of lung cancer. Disrupted cholesterol metabolism is evident in both lung cancer patients and tumor cells. Inhibiting tumor cell cholesterol uptake or biosynthesis pathw.ys, through the modulation of receptors and enzymes such as liver X receptor and sterol-regulatory element binding protein 2, effectively restrains lung tumor grow.h. Similarly, promoting cholesterol excretion yields comparable effects. Cholesterol metabolites, including oxysterols and isoprenoids, play a crucial role in regulating cholesterol metabolism w.thin tumor cells, consequently impacting cancer progression. In lung cancer patients, both the cholesterol levels in the tumor microenvironment and w.thin tumor cells significantly influence cell grow.h, proliferation, and metastasis. The effects of cholesterol metabolism are further mediated by the reprogramming of immune cells such as T cells, B cells, macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, among others. Ongoing research is investigating drugs targeting cholesterol metabolism for clinical treatments. Statins, targeting the cholesterol biosynthesis pathw.y, are w.dely employed in lung cancer treatment, either as standalone agents or in combination w.th other drugs. Additionally, drugs focusing on cholesterol transportation have show. promise as effective therapies for lung cancer. In this review. w. summarized current research regarding the rule of cholesterol metabolism and therapeutic advances in lung cancer. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Cholesterol metabolism Immune cells Lung cancer Targeted strategies

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A w.ighted Flow.related to a Trudinger–Moser Functional on Closed Riemann Surface

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第9期40卷 2244-2262页

作者： Peng xiu YU School of Mathematics Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872P.R.China

In this paper,w.th(Σ,g)being a closed Riemann surface,w. analyze the possible concentration behavior of a heat flow.related to the Trudinger–Moser *** obtain a long time existence for the *** along some sequence of times t_(k)→+∞,w. can deduce the convergence of the flow.in H2(Σ).Furthermore,the limit function is a critical point of the Trudinger–Moser functional under certain constraint.

关键词： Trudinger-Moser inequality global convergence heat flow

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A combined Liouville integrable hierarchy associated w.th a fourth-order matrix spectral problem

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第7期76卷 1-8页

作者： w.n-xiu Ma Department of Mathematics Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China Department of Mathematics King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of South Florida TampaFL 33620-5700United States of America Material Science Innovation and Modelling Department of Mathematical SciencesNorth-West UniversityMafikeng CampusMmabatho 2735South Africa

This paper aims to propose a fourth-order matrix spectral problem involving four potentials and generate an associated Liouville integrable hierarchy via the zero curvature formulation.A bi-Hamiltonian formulation is furnished by applying the trace identity and a recursion operator is explicitly w.rked out,w.ich exhibits the Liouville integrability of each model in the resulting *** specific examples,consisting of novel generalized combined nonlinear Schrodinger equations and modified Kortew.g-de Vries equations,are given.

关键词： integrable hierarchy Hamiltonian structure zero curvature equation Lax pair matrix spectral problem

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Task-specific Part Discovery for Fine-grained Few.shot Classification

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第5期21卷 954-965页

作者： Yongxian w.i xiu-Shen w.i School of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China

Localizing discriminative object parts(e.g.,bird head)is crucial for fine-grained classification tasks,especially for the more challenging fine-grained few.shot *** w.rk alw.ys relies on the learned object parts in a unified manner,w.ere they attend the same object parts(even w.th common attention w.ights)for different few.shot episodic *** this paper,w. propose that it should adaptively capture the task-specific object parts that require attention for each few.shot task,since the parts that can distinguish different tasks are naturally *** for a few.shot task,after obtaining part-level deep features,w. learn a task-specific part-based dictionary for both aligning and rew.ighting part features in an ***,part-level categorical prototypes are generated based on the part features of support data,w.ich are later employed by calculating distances to classify query data for *** retain the discriminative ability of the part-level representations(i.e.,part features and part prototypes),w. design an optimal transport solution that also utilizes query data in a transductive w.y to optimize the aforementioned distance calculation for the final *** experiments on five fine-grained benchmarks show.the superiority of our method,especially for the 1-shot setting,gaining 0.12%,8.56%and 5.87%improvements over state-of-the-art methods on CUB,Stanford Dogs,and Stanford Cars,respectively.

关键词： Fine-grained image recognition few.shot learning transductive learning visual dictionary part feature discovery

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Possibilities for the synthesis of superheavy element Z=121 in fusion reactions

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第6期35卷 90-100页

作者： Ming-Hao Zhang Yu-Hai Zhang Ying Zou xiu-xiu Yang Gen Zhang Feng-Shou Zhang The Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Institute of Radiation Technology Beijing Academy of Science and TechnologyBeijing 100875China School of Physical Science and Technology Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004China National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator of Lanzhou Center of Theoretical Nuclear PhysicsLanzhou 730000China

Based on the dinuclear system model,the calculated evaporation residue cross sections matched w.ll w.th the current experimental *** synthesis of superheavy elements Z=121 w.s systematically studied through combinations of stable projectiles w.th Z=21-30 and targets w.th half-lives exceeding 50 *** influence of mass asymmetry and isotopic dependence on the projectile and target nuclei w.s investigated in *** reactions^(254)Es(^(46)Ti,3n)^(297)121 and^(252)Es(^(46)Ti,3n)^(295)121 w.re found to be experimentally feasible for synthesizing superheavy element Z=121,w.th maximal evaporation residue cross sections of 6.619 and 4.123 fb at 219.9 and 223.9 MeV,respectively.

关键词： Superheavy nuclei Dinuclear system model Fusion reaction Evaporation residue cross section

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Performance of physical-informed neural netw.rk (PINN) for the key parameter inference in Langmuir turbulence parameterization scheme

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第5期43卷 121-132页

作者： Fangrui xiu Zengan Deng School of Marine Science and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

The Stokes production coefficient(E_(6))constitutes a critical parameter w.thin the Mellor-Yamada type(MY-type)Langmuir turbulence(LT)parameterization schemes,significantly affecting the simulation of turbulent kinetic energy,turbulent length scale,and vertical diffusivity coefficient for turbulent kinetic energy in the upper ***,the accurate determination of its value remains a pressing scientific *** study adopted an innovative approach by leveraging deep learning technology to address this challenge of inferring the E_(6).Through the integration of the information of the turbulent length scale equation into a physical-informed neural netw.rk(PINN),w. achieved an accurate and physically meaningful inference of E_(6).Multiple cases w.re examined to assess the feasibility of PINN in this task,revealing that under optimal settings,the average mean squared error of the E_(6) inference w.s only 0.01,attesting to the effectiveness of *** optimal hyperparameter combination w.s identified using the Tanh activation function,along w.th a spatiotemporal sampling interval of 1 s and 0.1 *** resulted in a substantial reduction in the average bias of the E_(6) inference,ranging from O(10^(1))to O(10^(2))times compared w.th other *** study underscores the potential application of PINN in intricate marine environments,offering a novel and efficient method for optimizing MY-type LT parameterization schemes.

关键词： Langmuir turbulence physical-informed neural netw.rk parameter inference

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Rapid analysis of metal ions and organic compounds in strong acidic solutions by nano-ESI mass spectrometry

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 516-520页

作者： Jiaquan Xu Ting Li Zhendong Yu Lili Song xiu-xiu Xu Hui Li Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006China

Rapid analysis of metal ions and organic compounds in strong acidic solutions is of sustainable interest in multiple ***,complicated and time-consuming pretreatments are alw.ys required for MS analysis of the compounds in strong acidic ***,it w.ll result in a w.ak signal and cause serious damage to the mass ***,a simple method inherited from nano-ESI MS w.s developed for rapid analysis of strong acidic ***(nL)strong acidic solution w.s first loaded in the nano-ESI emitter,follow.d by evaporation to remove the H+and leave the analytes on the w.ll of the nano-ESI *** evaporation process can be completed w.thin 1 min because of the extremely tiny volume(≤1 nL)of the loaded ***,the dried analytes on the w.ll of the nano-ESI emitter w.re redissolved by loading a new.solvent,follow.d by nano-ESI MS *** using this method,metal ions and organic compounds in the strong acidic solution can be detected w.th low.sample consumption(1 nL),high speed(90%).Proof-of-concept applications of the present method have been successfully achieved for the analysis of gastric juice(pH of the sample=1),monitoring reaction catalyzed by strong acid(pH of the system=0),and micro-area analysis of ores(pH of the extraction solvent=0),show.ng great application potential in multiple fields.

关键词： Strong acidic solutions Nano-ESI MS Rapid analysis Reaction monitoring Micro-area analysis Gastric juice analysis

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The coupling control of biological precursors and environmental factors onβ-carotane enrichment in alkaline lacustrine source rocks:A case study from the Fengcheng formation in the w.stern Junggar Basin,Nw.China

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 836-854页

作者： Mao-Guo Hou Ming Zha Hua Liu Hai-Lei Liu Jiang-xiu Qu Ablimit Imin xiu-Jian Ding Zhong-Fa Jiang School of Geosciences China University of PetroleumQingdaoShandong266580China Research Institute of Exploration and Development Xinjiang Petroleum Administration BureauKaramayXinjiang834000China

The organic-rich mudstones and dolostones of the Permian Fengcheng Formation(Fm.)are typically alkaline lacustrine source rocks,w.ich are typified by impressively abundantβ-*** β-carotane has been w.ll acknow.edged as an effective indicator of biological sources or depositional ***,the specific biological sources of β-carotane and the coupling control of biological sources and environmental factors on the enrichment of β-carotane in the Fengcheng *** *** on a comprehensive investigation of the bulk,molecular geochemistry,and organic petrology of sedimentary rocks and the biochemistry of phytoplankton in modern alkaline lakes,w. proposed a new.understanding of the biological precursors of β-carotane and elucidated the enrichment mechanism of β-carotane in the Fengcheng *** results show.that the biological precursors crucially control the enrichment of β-carotane in the Fengcheng *** haloalkaliphilic cyanobacteria are the primary biological sources of β-carotane,w.ich is suggested by a good positive correlation betw.en the 2-methylhopane index,7-+8-methyl heptadecanes/C_(max),C_(29%),and β-carotane/C_(max)in sedimentary rocks and the predominance of cyanobacteria w.th abundantβ-carotene in modern alkaline *** enrichment of β-carotane requires the reducing condition,and the paleoredox state that affects the enrichment of β-carotane appears to have a *** paleoclimate conditions do not considerably impact the enrichment of β-carotane,but they have some influence on the w.ter's paleosalinity by affecting evaporation and *** it does not directly affect the enrichment of β-carotane in the Fengcheng Fm.,paleosalinity does have an impact on the cyanobacterial precursor supply and the preservation conditions.

关键词： β-carotane enrichment Cyanobacterial input Environmental impact Alkaline lacustrine source rocks The Fengcheng formation

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A bifunctional POM-based Cu-viologen complex w.th mixed octamolybdate clusters for rapid oxidation desulfurization and effective photogeneration of hydrogen

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 236-246页

作者： Lin Yang Zhong Zhang Chao-Nan Zhang xiu-Li w.ng College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Bohai UniversityJinzhou 121013China Professional Technology Innovation Center of Liaoning Province for Conversion Materials of Solar Cell Bohai UniversityJinzhou 121013China

The design and synthesis of catalysts for the oxidation desulfurization and production of hydrogen are extremely important for solving environmental pollution and energy ***,a novel bifunctional [α-Mo_(8)O_(26)]^(4-)/[β-Mo_(8)O_(26)]^(4-)-based Cu-viologen complex H_(4)[Cu_(2)~ⅠCl_(2)(Hbcbpy)_(4)] [α-Mo_(8)O_(26)] [β-Mo8O_(26)]·H_(2)O(BHU-2,Hbcbpy=1-(4-carboxybenzyl)-4,4'-bipyridinium) w.s synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction(XRD),infrared radiation spectra,pow.er X-ray diffraction(PXRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) *** structural characteristic of BHU-2 is the presence of tw. types of octamolybdate clusters [α-Mo_(8)O_(26)]^(4-)/[β-Mo_(8)O_(26)]^(4-)and a new.binuclear Cu~Ⅰ-Hbcbpy complex linked by Cl-bridges[Cu_(2)ⅠCl_(2)(Hbcbpy)_(4)]^(4+).BHU-2 as a heterogeneous catalyst exhibits excellent activities to the oxidation desulfurization and photocatalytic hydrogen *** room temperature,BHU-2 can catalyze 96% conversion of methyl phenyl sulfide w.th 98% selectivity,and the process obeys the pseudo-first-order reaction kinetic w.th the half-life of9.6 *** notorious 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide can achieve 99% conversion w.th 98% selectivity w.thin only1 min at the presence of BHU-2,and the turnover frequency(TOF) is up to 7400 h^(-1).BHU-2 also exhibits high catalytic activity for the oxidation of other aromatic and aliphatic thioethers w.thin short time at room ***,BHU-2 show. a high catalytic activity for visible-light-driven hydrogen evolution w.th an H_(2) evolution rate of 1677.85 μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1) w.thin 10 ***,the catalytic activities do not decrease evidently after three cycles,revealing the prominent structural stability and recyclability.

关键词： Polyoxometalate Metal-organic complex Viologen Oxidation desulfurization Photocatalytic hydrogen production

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Finite Element Simulations on Failure Behaviors of Granular Materials w.th Microstructures Using a Micromechanics-Based Cosserat Elastoplastic Model

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2305-2338页

作者： Chenxi xiu Xihua Chu School of Civil Engineering Chongqing Jiaotong UniversityChongqing400074China School of Civil Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072China

This paper presents a micromechanics-based Cosserat continuum model for microstructured granular *** utilizing this model,the macroscopic constitutive parameters of granular materials w.th different microstructures are expressed as sums of microstructural *** microstructures under consideration can be classified into three categories:a medium-dense microstructure,a dense microstructure consisting of one-sized particles,and a dense microstructure consisting of tw.-sized ***,the Cosserat elastoplastic model,along w.th its finite element formulation,is derived using the extended Drucker-Prager yield *** investigate failure behaviors,numerical simulations of granular materials w.th different microstructures are conducted using the ABAQUS User Element(UEL)*** demonstrates the capacity of the proposed model to simulate the phenomena of strain-softening and strain *** study investigates the influence of microscopic parameters,including contact stiffness parameters and characteristic length,on the failure behaviors of granularmaterials ***,the study examines themesh independence of the presented model and establishes its relationship w.th the characteristic length.A comparison is made betw.en finite element simulations and discrete element simulations for a medium-dense microstructure,revealing a good agreement in results during the elastic *** parameters describing plasticity are show. to be partially related to microscopic factors such as confining pressure and size of the representative volume element.

关键词： Granular materials micromechanics Cosserat elastoplastic model microstructures failure behaviors

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