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Gas diffusion in catalyst layer of flow cell for CO_(2) electroreduction toward C_(2+) products

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1101-1106页

作者： xiqing wang Qin Chen Yajiao Zhou Yao Tan Ye wang Hongmei Li Yu Chen Mahmoud Sayed Ramadan A.Geioushy Nageh K.Allam Junwei Fu Yifei Sun Min Liu Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization School of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450002China Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute(CMRDI) P.O.Box 87Helwan 11421CairoEgypt Energy Materials Laboratory School of Sciences and EngineeringThe American University in CairoNew Cairo 11835Egypt Research Center for Advanced Energy and Carbon Neutrality Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

The use of gas diffusion electrode(GDE)based flow cell can realize industrial-scale CO_(2) reduction reactions(CO_(2)RRs).Controlling local CO_(2) and CO intermediate diffusion plays a key role in CO_(2)RR toward multi-carbon(C_(2+))*** this work,local CO_(2) and CO intermediate diffusion through the catalyst layer(CL)was investigated for improving CO_(2)RR toward C_(2+)*** gas permeability tests and finite element simulation results indicated CL can balance the CO_(2) gas diffusion and residence time of the CO intermediate,leading to a sufficient CO concentration with a suitable CO_(2)/H_(2)O supply for high C_(2+)*** a result,an excellent selectivity of C_(2+)products~79%at a high current density of 400 mA·cm^(-2) could be obtained on the optimal 500 nm Cu CL(Cu500).This work provides a new insight into the optimization of CO_(2)/H_(2)O supply and local CO concentration by controlling CL for C_(2+)products in CO_(2)RR flow cell.

关键词： gas diffusion electrode CO_(2)reduction Cu mass transfer C_(2)product

Genetic variation in a heat shock transcription factor modulates cold tolerance in maize

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MOLECULAR PLANT 2024年第9期17卷 1423-1438页

作者： Gao, Lei Pan, Lingling Shi, Yiting Zeng, Rong Li, Zhuoyang Zhang, Xuan Zhao, Xiaoming Gong, Xinru Huang, Wei Yang, Xiaohong Lai, Jinsheng Zuo, Jianru Gong, Zhizhong wang, xiqing Jin, Weiwei Dong, Zhaobin Yang, Shuhua China Agr Univ Frontiers Sci Ctr Mol Design Breeding Ctr Crop Funct Genom & Mol Breeding State Key Lab Plant Environm ResilienceColl Biol Beijing 100193 Peoples R China China Agr Univ Natl Maize Improvement Ctr Frontiers Sci Ctr Mol Design Breeding Dept Plant Genet & BreedingState Key Lab Maize Bi Beijing Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci State Key Lab Plant Genom Inst Genet & Dev Biol Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Genet & Dev Biol Natl Plant Gene Res Ctr Beijing 100101 Peoples R China

Understanding how maize (Zea mays) responds to cold stress is crucial for facilitating breeding programs of cold-tolerant varieties. Despite extensive utilization of the genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach for exploring favorable natural alleles associated with maize cold tolerance, few studies have successfully identified candidate genes that contribute to maize cold tolerance. In this study, we used a diverse panel of inbred maize lines collected from different germplasm sources to perform a GWAS on variations in the relative injured area of maize true leaves during cold stress-a trait very closely correlated with maize cold tolerance. We identified HSF21, which encodes a B-class heat shock transcription factor (HSF) that positively regulates cold tolerance at both the seedling and germination stages. Natural variations in the promoter of the cold-tolerant HSF21(Hap1) allele led to increased HSF21 expression under cold stress by inhibiting binding of the basic leucine zipper bZIP68 transcription factor, a negative regulator of cold tolerance. By integrating transcriptome deep sequencing, DNA affinity purification sequencing, and targeted lipidomic analysis, we revealed the function of HSF21 in regulating lipid metabolism homeostasis to modulate cold tolerance in maize. In addition, we found that HSF21 confers maize cold tolerance without incurring yield penalties. Collectively, this study establishes HSF21 as a key regulator that enhances cold tolerance in maize, providing valuable genetic resources for breeding of cold-tolerant maize varieties.

关键词： heat shock factor HSF21 cold tolerance natural variation bZIP68 lipid metabolism maize QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI CHILLING TOLERANCE FREEZING TOLERANCE LIPID CHANGES STRESS MEMBRANE ARCHITECTURE IMPACTS PLANTS YIELD

从富含缺陷的碳载体到酞菁钴的质子供给用于增强CO_(2)电还原

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2024年第7期62卷 190-197页

作者：梅子雯陈克军谭耀刘秋文陈琴王其忧汪喜庆蔡超刘康傅俊伟刘敏中南大学物理学院湖南省二氧化碳绿色资源化利用国际联合研究中心湖南长沙410083

利用可再生电力将二氧化碳转化为高附加值产品的电催化二氧化碳还原反应(CO_(2)RR)是一项具有革命性潜力的技术,因而备受关注.其中,一氧化碳被视为CO_(2)RR中最具经济效益的产物之一,可直接利用费托合成工艺将其用于合成醛、酮、烃类等... 详细信息

利用可再生电力将二氧化碳转化为高附加值产品的电催化二氧化碳还原反应(CO_(2)RR)是一项具有革命性潜力的技术,因而备受关注.其中,一氧化碳被视为CO_(2)RR中最具经济效益的产物之一,可直接利用费托合成工艺将其用于合成醛、酮、烃类等产品.酞菁钴(CoPc)作为单位点催化剂,因其高原子利用率和高催化选择性能,在二氧化碳转化为一氧化碳过程中具有很大优势.然而,CoPc无法为CO_(2)RR中的质子化过程提供足够质子,导致其在工业大电流密度下的效率较低.因此,探索一种能够解决CO_(2)RR中质子供给不足问题的高效电催化剂对于提升CO_(2)RR的性能至关重要.本文设计了具有增强质子供给作用的缺陷碳纳米管(d-CNT),将其作为导电载体分散CoPc,用于制备CoPc/d-CNT电催化剂.通过引入富缺陷的碳纳米管(d-CNT),加速水解离进而增加CO_(2)RR的质子供给量.X射线光电子能谱、X射线吸收近边光谱和扩展X射线吸收精细结构谱结果表明,CoPc/d-CNT成功合成,同时保留了CoPc完整的Co-N4配位结构.透射电镜、粉末X射线衍射谱和拉曼光谱共同表明,d-CNT表面缺陷相对于商用CNT明显增加.动力学实验和原位衰减全反射表面增强红外吸收光谱研究表明,含大量缺陷的d-CNT具有加速水解离的能力,显著提高了二氧化碳还原反应过程中的质子供给,从而促进了CoPc_上CO_(2)活化生成*COOH.同时,密度泛函理论计算结果表明,d-CNT表面缺陷位点上从吸附水(*H2O)到质子水(H3O+)的吉布斯自由能为0.74 eV,远低于CNT(超过2 eV),表明d-CNT促进了水解过程和质子传递,再次证实了d-CNT降低了水分子解离的势垒.通过实验和理论的共同验证,阐明了d-CNT中的缺陷能够促进水解离,改善CO_(2)RR反应过程中质子供给,增强CoPc高效催化CO_(2)RR的能力.因此,CoPc/d-CNT混合材料表现出较好的催化性能.在电流密度为500 mA cm^(-2)的流动电池中,CoPc/d-CNT的CO法拉第效率(FECO)高达96%.相对而言,CoPc/CNT在200 mA cm^(-2)时FECO已经下降到90%以下.此外,在150 mA cm^(-2)的电流密度下,CoPc/d-CNT能够在20 h内维持FECO超过90%.综上,本文通过引入具有水解离能力的缺陷碳位点,解决了单位点催化剂CoPc在CO_(2)RR中质子供给不足的问题,为设计高性能催化剂提供了新见解.

关键词：碳缺陷二氧化碳还原反应酞菁钴质子供给电催化

Liquid metal-based plant electronic tattoos for in-situ monitoring of plant physiology

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第6期66卷 1617-1628页

作者： QU ChunChun CAO LingXiao LI MaoLin wang xiqing HE ZhiZhu College of Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University China Agricultural UniversitySanya 572000China

Flexible plant sensors,as a noninvasive and real-time monitoring method for plant physiology,are becoming crucial for precision ***,integrating flexible devices with plants are challenging due to their fragility and complex *** this study,we introduce a liquid metal-based plant electronic tattoo(LM-PET)that can harmlessly and continuously monitor the loss of water content and plant electrical signals,which are critical parameters for analyzing plant physiological *** LM-PET achieves double-sided conductivity through soluble electrostatic spinning films and transferring technology,effectively addressing the issue of mismatch between the rigid interface of electronic devices and the surface of delicate *** fabricated tattoo electrode can adhere tightly to the leaf surface for a long time and can significantly broaden the scope of moisture monitoring,even in cases of severe wrinkling caused by water *** the optimum operating frequency of 100 kHz,the sensitivity of LM-PET can reach 25.4 kΩ%^(-1).Thus,LM-PETs can record the electrical signals generated when abiotic stresses threaten *** are also significant in providing a deeper understanding of the drought adaptation mechanisms of plants and developing drought-resistant *** offer data-driven crop management and decision-making guidance,which is imperative for advancing precision ***,our findings provide valuable insights into the performance of agricultural inputs and facilitate real-time monitoring of plant growth and development.

关键词： plant flexible electrodes liquid metal impedance plant electrical signal plant phenotype

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南瓜新品种馨兰1号的选育

中国瓜菜 2024年第8期37卷 175-178页

作者：赵丹温玲王远纤王喜庆李柱刚王珣王娟李岩牛柏忠黑龙江省农业科学院园艺分院哈尔滨150069 黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所哈尔滨150023 黑龙江省农业科学院生物技术研究所哈尔滨150028

馨兰1号是以H2016-6-1为母本、H2016-13-4为父本杂交选育而成的南瓜新品种。该品种早熟、果实发育期为29 d,全生育期为90 d。植株长势健壮,叶片浓绿肥厚。第1雌花节位在第8节左右。果实扁圆形,果皮深绿色,果线细长浅绿色,果肉鲜黄色,果... 详细信息

馨兰1号是以H2016-6-1为母本、H2016-13-4为父本杂交选育而成的南瓜新品种。该品种早熟、果实发育期为29 d,全生育期为90 d。植株长势健壮,叶片浓绿肥厚。第1雌花节位在第8节左右。果实扁圆形,果皮深绿色,果线细长浅绿色,果肉鲜黄色,果肉厚度2.2 cm。连续坐果能力强,单株结瓜2~3个,果实膨大速度快。果肉甘面如板栗,干物质含量(w,后同)21.8%。平均单果质量2.1 kg,667 m^(2)产量2300 kg,抗病毒病能力强,耐贮运性好。该品种适宜在黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、新疆、山东、河北、海南、湖南和山西等地早春露地栽培。

关键词：南瓜新品种馨兰1号板栗型杂交1代

Sulfonic acid-functionalized core-shell Fe_(3)O_(4)@carbon microspheres as magnetically recyclable solid acid catalysts

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2021年第6期32卷 2079-2085页

作者： Chenyi Yuan xiqing wang Xuanyu Yang Abdulaziz AAlghamdi Fahad AAlharthi Xiaowei Cheng Yonghui Deng Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersShanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China State Key Lab of Transducer Technology Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityPO Box 2455Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

Green and recyclable solid acid catalysts are in urgent demand as a substitute for conventional liquid mineral *** this work,a series of novel sulfonic acid-functionalized core-shell Fe_(3)O_(4)@carbon microspheres(Fe_(3)O_(4)@C-SO_(3)H)have been designed and synthesized as an efficient and recyclable heterogeneous acid *** the synthesis,core-shell Fe_(3)O_(4)@RF(resorcinol-formaldehyde)microspheres with tunable shell thickness were achieved by interfacial polymerization on magnetic Fe_(3)O_(4)*** high-temperature carbonization,the microspheres were eventually treated by surface sulfonation,re sulting in Fe_(3)O_(4)@C-x-SO_(3)H(x stands for carbonization temperature)microspheres with abundant surface SO_(3)H *** obtained microspheres possess uniform core-shell structure,partially-graphitized carbon skeletons,superparamagnetic property,high magnetization saturation value of 10.6 emu/g,and rich SO_(3)H *** surface acid amounts can be adju sted in the range of 0.59-1.04 mmol/g via sulfonation treatment of carbon shells with different graphitization *** magnetic Fe_(3)O_(4)@C-x-SO_(3)H microspheres were utilized as a solid acid catalyst for the acetalization reaction between benzaldehyde and ethylene glycol,demonstrating high selectivity(97%)to benzaldehyde ethylene glycol *** importantly,by applying an external magnetic field,the catalysts can be easily separated from the heterogeneous reaction solutions,which later show well preserved catalytic activity even after 9 cycles,revealing good recyclability and high stability.

关键词： Core-shell Fe_(3)O_(4)@carbon Interfacial polymerization Magnetic microspheres Recyclability Solid acid catalyst Sulfonic acid-functionalization

CORRELATION OF ION-CLUSTER STRUCTURE WITH BULK VISCOSITY AND DENSITY OF TiO_2-BEARING MOLTEN SLAG

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1992年第11期5卷 334-339页

作者： DIAO Risheng wang xiqing wang Huaiyong ZHANG Rong Iron and Steel Research Institute,Panzhihua Iron and Steel Company,Sichuan,ChinaDU Hegui Northeast University of Technology,Shenyang,China Panzhihua Iron and Steel Co Panzhihua China

An approach was made to correlate the proposed model of ion-cluster structure and structural parameter of TiO_2-bearing pentan system of molten slag with ***- sults showed that an increase of ions with 4-coordination number in molten slag makes the increase of bulk viscosity and the decrease of density,while ions with 6-coordination number are the *** structural parameter proposed is so fairly interrelated to the properties of slag,that it may be available for the prediction about *** comparison with ions of 4-coordination *** is more effective than Al and Si.

关键词： TiO_2 molten slag ion-cluster bulk viscosity density

Maize yield component analysis with FCN and random forest

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Maize yield component analysis with FCN and random forest

Water discharge changes of the Changjiang River downstream Datong during dry season

2017全国植物表型组学研讨会

作者： xiqing wang China Agricultural University

Functional genomics and plant breeding programs depend on high quality yield component ***,acquiring high quality yield component data is labor intensive and dependent on the quality of the sample *** yield component analysis is usually ignored or limited to sampling minimal traits only at the time of *** image analysis methods and/or manual method to acquire yield components often lack the precision and accuracy required for robust genetic *** we report a new application of Artificial Intelligence(Al)methodology to yield component analysis in ***,Fully Convolutional Network(FCN) method is used to segment the maize cob region as bareness area,aborted area,disease area,and normal *** the random forest method is used to identify the likelihood of a viable maize kernel and thus accurately and precisely calculate kernel number,kernel row number,and other maize yield *** have compared our Al method with the manual method;95%accuracy and high precision has been reached for most of ear traits including kernel number per ear,ear length,and ear *** optimizing this algorithm the measuring procedure is shortened to 2 second/*** also will report our progress in field phenotyping by drone technology.

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2003年第3期13卷 355-362页

作者： ZHANG Erfeng,CHEN xiqing,wang Xiaoli(State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China) State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal University Shanghai China

Based on hydrometric data and extensive investigations on water-extracting projects, this paper presents a preliminary study on water discharge changes between Datong and Xuliujing during dry season. The natural hydrological processes and human factors that influence the water discharge are analyzed with the help of GIS method. The investigations indicate that the water-extracting projects downstream from Datong to Xuliujing had amounted to 64 in number by the end of 2000, with a water-extracting capacity up to 4,626 m 3 /s averaged in a tidal cycle. The water extraction from the Changjiang River has become the most important factor influencing the water discharge downstream Datong during dry season. The potential magnitude in water discharge changes are estimated based on historical records of water extraction and a water balance model. The computational results were calibrated with the actual data. The future trend in changes of water discharge into the sea during dry season was discussed by taking into consideration of newly built hydro-engineering projects. The water extraction downstream Datong in dry season before 2000 had a great influence on discharges into the sea in the extremely dry year like 1978-1979. It produced a net decrease of more than 490 m 3 /s in monthly mean discharges from the Changjiang into the sea. It is expected that the water extraction will continually increase in the coming decades, especially in dry years, when the net decrease in monthly mean water discharge will increase to more than 1000 m 3 /s and will give a far-reaching effect on the changes of water discharge from the Changjiang into the sea.

关键词： the Changjiang River dry season water discharge into the sea human impacts