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The soft glumes of common wheat are sterile-lemmas as determined by the domestication gene Q

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The Crop Journal 2019年第1期7卷 113-117页

作者： Gaoyuan Song Guoliang Sun xingchen kong Meiling Jia Ke Wang Xingguo Ye Yun Zhou Shuaifeng Geng Long Mao Aili Li National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology Institute of Plant Stress Biology School of Life Science Henan University

The Q gene in common wheat encodes an APETALA2(AP2) transcription factor that causes the free threshing attribute. Wheat spikelets bearing several florets are subtended by a pair of soft glumes that allow free liberation of seeds. In wild species, the glumes are tough and rigid,making threshing difficult. However, the nature of these "soft glumes", caused by the domestication allele Q is not clear. Here, we found that over expression of Q in common wheat leads to homeotic florets at glume positions. We provide phenotypic, microscopy, and marker genes evidence to demonstrate that the soft glumes of common wheat are in fact lemma-like organs, or so-called sterile-lemmas. By comparing the structures subtending spikelets in wheat and other crops such as rice and maize, we found that AP2 genes may play conserved functions in grasses by manipulating vestigial structures, such as floret-derived soft glumes in wheat and empty glumes in rice. Conversion of these seemingly vegetative organs to reproductive organs may be useful in yield improvement of crop species.

关键词： Floret development Spike morphology Sterile lemma Wheat

Genome-editing of a circadian clock gene TaPRR95 facilitates wheat peduncle growth and heading date

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第10期51卷 1101-1110页

作者： Mingxue Fu Shaoshuai Liu Yuqing Che Dada Cui Zhongyin Deng Yang Li Xinyu Zou xingchen kong Guoliang Chen Min Zhang Yifan Liu Xiang Wang Wei Liu Danmei Liu Shuaifeng Geng Aili Li Long Mao State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding and National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop ScienceChineseAcademyofAgricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Life Sciences Henan Normal UniversityXinxiangHenan 453007China College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduSichuan 610106China College of Agronomy Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450002China School of Life Science Shanxi UniversityTaiyuanShanxi 030006China

Plant height and heading date are important agronomic traits in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)that affect final grain *** wheat,knowledge of pseudo-response regulator(PRR)genes on agronomic traits is ***,we identify a wheat TaPRR95 gene by genome-wide association studies to be associated with plant *** allele mutant plants produced by CRISPR/Cas9 show increased plant height,particularly the peduncle,with an earlier heading *** longer peduncle is mainly caused by the increased cell elon-gation at its upper section,whilst the early heading date is accompanied by elevated expression of flow-ering genes,such as TaFT and TacO1.A peduncle-specific transcriptome analysis reveals up-regulated photosynthesis genes and down-regulated IAAVAux genes for auxin signaling inpr95abad plants that may act as a regulatory mechanism to promote robust plant growth.A haplotype analysis identifies a TaPRR95-B haplotype(Hap2)to be closely associated with reduced plant height and increased thousand-grain ***,the Hap2 frequency is higher in cultivars than that in landraces,suggesting the artifi-cial selection on the allele during wheat *** findings suggest that TaPRR95 is a regulator for plant height and heading date,thereby providing an important target for wheat yield improvement.

关键词： Pseudo-response regulator(PRR) TaPRR95 CRISPR/Cas9 Plant height Heading date Photosynthesis Phytohormone Wheat

Wheat breeding history reveals synergistic selection of pleiotropic genomic sites for plant architecture and grain yield

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Molecular Plant 2022年第3期15卷 504-519页

作者： Aili Li Chenyang Hao Zhenyu Wang Shuaifeng Geng Meiling Jia Fang Wang Xiang Han xingchen kong Lingjie Yin Shu Tao Zhongyin Deng Ruyi Liao Guoliang Sun Ke Wang Xingguo Ye Chengzhi Jiao Hongfeng Lu Yun Zhou Dengcai Liu Xiangdong Fu Xueyong Zhang Long Mao National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Novogene Bioinformatics Institute Beijing 100083China Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology&Institute of Plant Stress Biology School Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu.Sichuan 611130China

Diversity surveys of crop germplasm are important for gaining insights into the genomic basis for plant architecture and grain yield improvement,which is still poorly understood in *** this study,we exome sequenced 287 wheat accessions that were collected in the past 100 *** genetics analysis identified that 6.7%of the wheat genome falls within the selective sweeps between landraces and cultivars,which harbors the genes known for yield *** regions were asymmetrically distributed on the A and B subgenomes with regulatory genes being favorably ***-wide association study(GWAS)identified genomic loci associated with traits for yield potential,and two underlying genes,TaARF12 encoding an auxin response factor and TaDEP1 encoding the G-proteinγ-subunit,were located and characterized to pleiotropically regulate both plant height and grain *** single-nucleotide haplotypes with increased allele frequency in cultivars relative to the landraces were identified and found to have accumulated over the course of ***,we found that TaARF12 and TaDEP1 function in epistasis with the classical plant height Rht-1 locus,leading to propose a“Green Revolution”-based working model for historical wheat ***,our study identifies selection signatures that fine-tune the gibberellin pathway during modern wheat breeding and provides a wealth of genomic diversity resources for the wheat research community.

关键词： plant height grain yield GWAS mini-core collection wheat

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一种转台测角系统动态比对的信号同步方法

仪器仪表学报 2022年第12期43卷 112-119页

作者：徐兴晨朱维斌黄垚邹伟孔明中国计量大学计量测试工程学院杭州310018 中国计量科学研究院北京100029

针对转台测角系统和环形激光测角仪进行动态比对时的数据同步问题开展研究。首先分析了转台测角系统与环形激光测角仪之间的同步问题,阐述了转台测角系统和环形激光测角仪之间因各自系统延时不同引入的同步角偏差;针对同步角偏差进行分... 详细信息

针对转台测角系统和环形激光测角仪进行动态比对时的数据同步问题开展研究。首先分析了转台测角系统与环形激光测角仪之间的同步问题,阐述了转台测角系统和环形激光测角仪之间因各自系统延时不同引入的同步角偏差;针对同步角偏差进行分析,提出延迟补偿方案以实现转台测角系统和环形激光测角仪相同时刻测量输出值对应同一转台角位置;开发基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)的同步角偏差实时补偿电路,重点说明了角速率解算和延时触发关键环节。搭建动态角度测量实验平台验证同步角偏差补偿效果,实验结果表明,在不同转速下补偿方法均能够实现良好的补偿效果,且各个转速下的补偿效果差异小于0.5″。

关键词：转台测角系统动态比对信号同步延时补偿

胶红酵母与酿酒酵母共发酵对干红葡萄酒香气与色泽的影响

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食品科学 2021年第2期42卷 97-104页

作者：马娜王星晨孔彩琳陶永胜西北农林科技大学葡萄酒学院陕西杨凌712100 陕西省葡萄与葡萄酒工程技术研究中心陕西杨凌712100

研究优选胶红酵母与酿酒酵母不同混合发酵方案对季风性气候区干红葡萄酒的香气质量、多酚及颜色的影响,优化增香酿造技术方案。实验以陕西合阳梅鹿辄葡萄为试材,设计2种菌株不同比例同时接种和顺序接种策略酿造干红葡萄酒。酿造完成后,... 详细信息

研究优选胶红酵母与酿酒酵母不同混合发酵方案对季风性气候区干红葡萄酒的香气质量、多酚及颜色的影响,优化增香酿造技术方案。实验以陕西合阳梅鹿辄葡萄为试材,设计2种菌株不同比例同时接种和顺序接种策略酿造干红葡萄酒。酿造完成后,对葡萄酒样品的香气成分进行顶空固相微萃取结合气相色谱-质谱联用法定性定量分析,香气特征通过感官量化品评法描述,采用光谱法量化分析酒样的13个颜色与多酚相关指标。结果表明,高比例同时接种显著增加了品种香气成分的含量,尤其是C6化合物和硫醇,而顺序接种更利于释放萜烯类和β-大马酮香气成分;发酵香气中高级醇、C6~C12脂肪酸及其酯类的含量随优选酵母接种比例的升高而增加,顺序接种在提高乙酸酯和苯乙基类化合物含量上有明显优势。较高比例(4∶1)同时接种和顺序接种处理明显增加了酒样中总花色苷、黄酮醇、酒石酸酯的含量,显著提高了辅色花色苷比例。感官分析表明,高比例同时接种处理显著增强供试酒样果香和花香的同时,也增强了生青和动物味,而顺序接种处理适度增强果香和花香的同时却能降低不良气味。综上,优选胶红酵母与酿酒酵母不同接种处理的混合发酵干红葡萄酒具有差异明显的色泽风味质量特征,顺序接种适度增香的同时没有生成不良气味的风险,并且有利于改善色泽质量。

关键词：胶红酵母混菌发酵干红葡萄酒香气质量多酚物质

CsPbBr_(3)-DMSO merged perovskite micro-bricks for efficient X-ray detection

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Nano Research 2023年第7期16卷 9983-9989页

作者： Tongyu Shi Wenjun Liu Jiongtao Zhu Xiongsheng Fan Zhengyu Zhang xingchen He Rui He Jiahong Wang Kezhen Chen Yongshuai Ge Xiangming Sun Yanliang Liu Paul K.Chu Xue-Feng Yu Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Nano Science and Technology Institute University of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou 215123China Key Laboratory of Quark and Lepton Physics(MOE) Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China Department of Physics Department of Materials Science and Engineeringand Department of Biomedical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Inorganic perovskite wafers with good stability and adjustable sizes are promising in X-ray detection but the high synthetic temperature is a ***,dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)is used to prepare the CsPbBr_(3)micro-bricks powder at room *** CsPbBr_(3)powder has a cubic shape with few crystal defects,small charge trap density,and high crystallinity.A trace amount of DMSO attaches to the surface of the CsPbBr_(3)micro-bricks via Pb-O bonding,forming the CsPbBr_(3)-DMSO *** hot isostatic processing,the released DMSO vapor merges the CsPbBr_(3)micro-bricks,producing a compact and dense CsPbBr_(3)wafer with minimized grain boundaries and excellent charge transport *** CsPbBr_(3)wafer shows a large mobility-lifetime(μτ)product of 5.16×10^(-4)cm^(2)·V^(-1),high sensitivity of 14,430μC·Gyair^(-1)·cm^(-2),low detection limit of 564 nGyair·s^(-1),as well as robust stability in X-ray *** results reveal a novel strategy with immense practical potential pertaining to high-contrast X-ray detection.

关键词： CsPbBr_(3)-DMSO inorganic perovskites wafer grain growth crystal defect X-ray detector

Tailoring the multiscale mechanics of tunable decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) for wound healing through immunomodulation

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第10期28卷 95-111页

作者： Pu Luo Ruoxuan Huang You Wu xingchen Liu Zhengjie Shan Li Gong Shudan Deng Haiwen Liu Jinghan Fang Shiyu Wu Xiayi Wu Quan Liu Zetao Chen Kelvin W.K.Yeung Wei Qiao Shoucheng Chen Zhuofan Chen Hospital of Stomatology Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of StomatologyGuangdong Research Center for Dental and Cranial Rehabilitation and Material EngineeringGuangzhou510055China Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative Region Instrumental Analysis Research Center Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care Faculty of DentistryThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative Region Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Innovative Technology in Orthopaedic Traum1 The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen518058China

With the discovery of the pivotal role of macrophages in tissue regeneration through shaping the tissue immune microenvironment, various immunomodulatory strategies have been proposed to modify traditional biomaterials. Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) has been extensively used in the clinical treatment of tissue injury due to its favorable biocompatibility and similarity to the native tissue environment. However, most reported decellularization protocols may cause damage to the native structure of dECM, which undermines its inherent advantages and potential clinical applications. Here, we introduce a mechanically tunable dECM prepared by optimizing the freeze-thaw cycles. We demonstrated that the alteration in micromechanical properties of dECM resulting from the cyclic freeze-thaw process contributes to distinct macrophage-mediated host immune responses to the materials, which are recently recognized to play a pivotal role in determining the outcome of tissue regeneration. Our sequencing data further revealed that the immunomodulatory effect of dECM was induced via the mechnotrasduction pathways in macrophages. Next, we tested the dECM in a rat skin injury model and found an enhanced micromechanical property of dECM achieved with three freeze-thaw cycles significantly promoted the M2 polarization of macrophages, leading to superior wound healing. These findings suggest that the immunomodulatory property of dECM can be efficiently manipulated by tailoring its inherent micromechanical properties during the decellularization process. Therefore, our mechanics-immunomodulation-based strategy provides new insights into the development of advanced biomaterials for wound healing.

关键词： Wound healing Decellularized extracellular matrix Freeze-thaw treatment Multiscale mechanics Macrophage polarization Immunomodulation Mechanotransduction

Multifunctional catalytic sites regulation of atomic-scale iridium on orthorhombic-CoSe_(2)for high efficiency dual-functional alkaline hydrogen evolution and organic degradation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 271-281页

作者： Jingjing Huang Chenglin Zhong Yanjie Xia Jia Liu Guizhen Li Chao Yang Jiahong Wang Qian Wang Zhenbao Zhang Feng Yan Jianghua Wu Yu Deng Zhenjiang Zhou xingchen He Paul K.Chu Woon-Ming Lau Xue-Feng Yu College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Linyi UniversityLinyi 276005ShandongChina Shenzhen Engineering Center for the Fabrication of Two-Dimensional Atomic Crystals Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional MaterialsCollege of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093JiangsuChina College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058ZhejiangChina Department of Physics Department of Materials Science and EngineeringDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloonHong KongChina

The earth-abundant and high-performance catalysts are crucial for commercial implementation of hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Herein,a multifunctional site strategy to construct excellent HER catalysts by incorporating iridium(Ir)ions on the atomic scale into orthorhombic-CoSe2(Ir-CoSe_(2))was *** hydrogen evolution activity in alkaline media such as a low overpotential of 48.7 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2)and better performance than commercial Pt/C catalysts at high current densities were found in the Ir-CoSe_(2) *** the experiments and theoretical calculations,it was revealed that Ir enabled CoSe_(2)to form multifunctional sites to synergistically catalyze alkaline HER by promoting the adsorption and dissociation of H_(2)O(Ir sites)and optimizing the binding energy for H^(*)on Co *** was noticeable that the electrolytic system comprising the Ir-CoSe_(2)electrode not only produced hydrogen efficiently via HER,but also degraded organic pollutants(Methylene blue).The cell voltage of the dual-function electrolytic system was 1.58 V at the benchmark current density of 50 mA cm^(-2),which was significantly lower than the conventional water splitting *** was indicated that this method was a novel strategy for designing advanced HER electrocatalysts by constructing multifunctional catalytic sites for hydrogen production and organic degradation.

关键词： Orthorhombic-CoSe_(2) Multifunctional sites design Hydrogen evolution reaction Synergistically catalyze Methylene blue oxidation

不同秸秆生物炭对露天煤矿排土场土壤微生物数量和酶活性的影响

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环境化学 2017年第1期36卷 106-113页

作者：周玉祥宋子岭孔涛杨星辰祁文辉辽宁工程技术大学矿业学院阜新123000 辽宁工程技术大学环境科学与工程学院阜新123000

采用盆栽实验研究了水稻秸秆和玉米秸秆两种生物炭在1%、3%、5%的3种用量下对露天煤矿排土场土壤紫花苜蓿干重、土壤微生物数量和土壤酶活性的影响规律.结果表明,紫花苜蓿的出苗率和干重随着生物炭用量的增加而提高,其中5%用量的水稻秸... 详细信息

采用盆栽实验研究了水稻秸秆和玉米秸秆两种生物炭在1%、3%、5%的3种用量下对露天煤矿排土场土壤紫花苜蓿干重、土壤微生物数量和土壤酶活性的影响规律.结果表明,紫花苜蓿的出苗率和干重随着生物炭用量的增加而提高,其中5%用量的水稻秸秆生物炭和玉米秸秆生物炭分别将紫花苜蓿干重显著提高了42.54%和27.63%.3%和5%用量的生物炭显著增加了土壤细菌、真菌、放线菌数量,土壤真菌与细菌数量比值,土壤过氧化氢酶、淀粉酶、蛋白酶、脱氢酶活性,显著降低了土壤磷酸酶活性,显著提高了表征土壤肥力质量的土壤肥力生物指数(BIF)和酶活性指数(EAN),其中5%用量的水稻秸秆生物炭和玉米秸秆生物炭将BIF分别提高了125.94%和84.67%,将EAN分别提高了109.71%和66.93%.两种秸秆生物炭之间比较,在各用量下水稻秸秆生物炭处理的紫花苜蓿出苗率、干重,土壤微生物数量和土壤酶活性均高于玉米秸秆生物炭处理,其中5%用量下,水稻秸秆生物炭处理的出苗率,细菌、真菌、放线菌数量,蛋白酶、脱氢酶活性,BIF、EAN比玉米秸秆生物炭处理显著提高了26.11%、24.71%、30.23%、30.38%、27.37%、24.44%、22.35%、25.63%.综上所述,生物炭能够提高排土场土壤的生态质量,进而增加了紫花苜蓿产量,其中5%用量的水稻秸秆生物炭效果最好.

关键词：秸秆生物炭土壤微生物数量土壤酶活性紫花苜蓿