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Ion energy-induced nanoclustering structure in a-C:H film for achieving robust superlubricity in vacuum

Friction 2022年第12期10卷 1967-1984页

作者： Qingyuan YU xinchun chen chenhui ZHANG chenxi ZHANG Wenli DENG Yinhui WANG Jianxun XU Wei QI State Key Laboratory of Tribology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Hydrogenated amorphous carbon(a-C:H)films are capable of providing excellent superlubricating properties,which have great potential serving as self-lubricating protective layer for mechanical systems in extreme working conditions.However,it is still a huge challenge to develop a-C:H films capable of achieving robust superlubricity state in vacuum.The main obstacle derives from the lack of knowledge on the influencing mechanism of deposition parameters on the films bonding structure and its relation to their self-lubrication performance.Aiming at finding the optimized deposition energy and revealing its influencing mechanism on superlubricity,a series of highly-hydrogenated a-C:H films were synthesized with appropriate ion energy,and systematic tribological experiments and structural characterization were conducted.The results highlight the pivotal role of ion energy on film composition,nanoclustering structure,and bonding state,which determine mechanical properties of highly-hydrogenated a-C:H films and surface passivation ability and hence their superlubricity performance in vacuum.The optimized superlubricity performance with the lowest friction coefficient of 0.006 coupled with the lowest wear rate emerges when the carbon ion energy is just beyond the penetration threshold of subplantation.The combined growth process of surface chemisorption and subsurface implantation is the key for a-C:H films to acquire stiff nanoclustering network and high volume of hydrogen incorporation,which enables a robust near-frictionless sliding surface.These findings can provide a guidance towards a more effective manipulation of self-lubricating a-C:H films for space application.

关键词： hydrogenated amorphous carbon(a-C:H) superlubricity ion energy nanoclustering bonding structure mechanical properties

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Th1 cytokines, true functional signatures for protective immunity against TB?

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第3期15卷 206-215页

作者： Gucheng Zeng Guoliang Zhang xinchun chen Department of Microbiology Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control of the Ministry of EducationZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-sen University510080GuangzhouGuangdongChina Guangdong Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases Shenzhen Third People’s HospitalGuangdong Medical UniversityShenzhen518112GuangdongChina Department of Pathogen Biology Shenzhen University School of MedicineShenzhenGuangdong 518060China

The lack of an effective preventative vaccine against tuberculosis(TB)presents a great challenge to TB control.Since it takes an extremely long time to accurately determine the protective efficacy of TB vaccines,there is a great need to identify the surrogate signatures of protection to facilitate vaccine development.Unfortunately,antigen-specific Th1 cytokines that are currently used to evaluate the protective efficacy of the TB vaccine,do not align with the protection and failure of TB vaccine candidates in clinical trials.In this review,we discuss the limitation of current Th1 cytokines as surrogates of protection and address the potential elements that should be considered to finalize the true functional signatures of protective immunity against TB.

关键词： protective immunity tuberculosis vaccine

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Modified ADM1 for modeling free ammonia inhibition in anaerobic acidogenic fermentation with high-solid sludge

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第2期29卷 58-65页

作者： Jie Bai He Liu Bo Yin Huijun Ma xinchun chen School of Environmental and Civil Engineering Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China

Anaerobic acidogenic fermentation with high-solid sludge is a promising method for volatile fatty acid（VFA） production to realize resource recovery. In this study, to model inhibition by free ammonia in high-solid sludge fermentation, the anaerobic digestion model No. 1（ADM1） was modified to simulate the VFA generation in batch, semicontinuous and full scale sludge. The ADM1 was operated on the platform AQUASIM 2.0.Three kinds of inhibition forms, e.g., simple inhibition, Monod and non-inhibition forms,were integrated into the ADM1 and tested with the real experimental data for batch and semi-continuous fermentation, respectively. The improved particle swarm optimization technique was used for kinetic parameter estimation using the software MATLAB 7.0. In the modified ADM1, the Ksof acetate is 0.025, the km,acis 12.51, and the KI_NH3is 0.02,respectively. The results showed that the simple inhibition model could simulate the VFA generation accurately while the Monod model was the better inhibition kinetics form in semi-continuous fermentation at pH 10.0. Finally, the modified ADM1 could successfully describe the VFA generation and ammonia accumulation in a 30 m^3full-scale sludge fermentation reactor, indicating that the developed model can be applicable in high-solid sludge anaerobic fermentation.

关键词： High-solid sludge ADM1 Semi-continuous Full scale Free ammonia inhibition

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Modified graphene as novel lubricating additive with high dispersion stability in oil

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Friction 2021年第1期9卷 143-154页

作者： Pu WU xinchun chen chenhui ZHANG Jiping ZHANG Jianbin LUO Jiyang ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Tribology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tianjin Research Institute for Advanced Equipment Tsinghua UniversityTianjin 300300China Beijing Key Laboratory of Long-life Technology of Precise Rotation and Transmission Mechanisms Beijing Institute of Control EngineeringBeijing 100094China

Graphene is a promising material as a lubricant additive for reducing friction and wear.Here,a dispersing method which combines chemical modification of graphene by octadecylamine and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide with a kind of effective dispersant has been successfully developed to achieve the remarkable dispersion stability of graphene in base oil.The stable dispersion time of modified graphene(0.5 wt%)with dispersant(1 wt%)in PAO-6 could be up to about 120 days,which was the longest time reported so far.At the same time,the lubricant exhibits a significant improvement of tribological performance for a steel ball to plate tribo-system with a normal load of 2 N.The coefficient of friction between sliding surfaces was~0.10 and the depth of wear track on plate was~21 nm,which decreased by about 44%and 90%when compared to pure PAO-6,respectively.Furthermore,the analysis of the lubricating mechanisms in regard to the sliding-induced formation of nanostructured tribo-film has been contacted by using Raman spectra and TEM.

关键词： modified graphene dispersity lubricant additives tribo-film

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Role of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography in coronary artery bypass grafting

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Journal of Nanjing Medical University 2007年第1期21卷 1-7页

作者： xinchun chen Department of Anesthesia the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanfing Medical University Nanfing 210029 China

Transesophapeal echocardiography （TEE） can be used as a diagnostic tool during cardiac surgery to direct the surgical procedure and diagnose unanticipated problems. TEE has also been one of the most important means of monitoring myocardial ischemia dur- ing coronary artery bypas grafting procedures. The cardiac anesthesiologist can apply intraoperative TEE in evaluating coronary artery anatomy and aorta atherosclerosis, assessing diastolic left ventricular function and preload,measuring intracardiac pressure and cardiac output,detecting ischaemic mitral regurgitation,intracardiac air and pericardial effusion.

关键词： transesophageal echocardiography coronary artery bypass grafting anesthesia mycardial ischemia cardiac output regional wall motion abnormality

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Distinct lung microbial community states in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2020年第10期63卷 1522-1533页

作者： Yongfeng Hu Ying Kang Xi Liu Min cheng Jie Dong Lilian Sun Yafang Zhu Xianwen Ren Qianting Yang xinchun chen Qi Jin Fan Yang NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens Institute of Pathogen Biologyand Center for Tuberculosis ResearchChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003China Department of Pathogen Biology Shenzhen University School of MedicineShenzhen 518060China Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomicsand School of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Infectious Diseases The Fifth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000China China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control Beijing 100081China National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases Guangdong Key Lab for Diagnosis&Treatment of Emerging Infectious DiseasesShenzhen Third People’s HospitalSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518112China

An improved understanding of the lung microbiome may lead to better strategies to diagnose, treat, and prevent pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). However, the characteristics of the lung microbiomes of patients with TB remain largely undefined. In this study, 163 bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples were collected from 163 sputum-negative suspected PTB patients. Furthermore, 12 paired BAL samples were obtained from 12 Mycobacterium tuberculosis-positive (MTB+) patients before and after negative conversion following a two-month anti-TB treatment. The V3–V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene was used to characterize the microbial composition of the lungs. The results showed that the prevalence of MTB in the BAL samples was 42.9% (70/163) among the sputum-negative patients. The α-diversity of lung microbiota was significantly less diverse in MTB+ patients compared with Mycobacterium tuberculosis-negative (MTB–) patients. There was a significant difference in β-diversity between MTB+ and MTB– patients. MTB+ patients were enriched with Anoxybacillus, while MTB– patients were enriched with Prevotella, Alloprevotella, Veillonella, and Gemella. There was no significant difference between the Anoxybacillus detection rates of MTB+ and MTB– patients. The paired comparison between the BAL samples from MTB+ patients and their negative conversion showed that BAL negative-conversion microbiota had a higher α-diversity. In conclusion, distinct features of airway microbiota could be identified between samples from patients with and without MTB. Our results imply links between lung microbiota and different clinical groups of active PTB.

关键词： tuberculosis 16S rRNA lung microbiota M.tuberculosis-positive M.tuberculosis-negatixe

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Identification of a Novel Universal Potential Epitope on the Cytoplasmic Tail of H7N9 Virus Hemagglutinin

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Virologica Sinica 2019年第3期34卷 334-337页

作者： Xi Liu Li Ding Jing Yuan Jian Liao Lian Duan Wenfei Wang Weiguo Tan Weiye Yu Boping Zhou xinchun chen Zheng Yang Department of Infectious Diseases The Fifth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 51900China Lab for Tuberculosis Research Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease ControlShenzhen 518020China Department of Infectious Diseases The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology)Shenzhen 518000China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology)Shenzhen 518000China Department of Pathogen Biology School of MedicineShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518000China Longhua Branch of Shenzhen People's Hospital Shenzhen 518000China

Dear Editor,H7N9 is a recently identified subtype of influenza A virus that caused a major outbreak in humans in China in 2013.According to the latest data provided by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(http://***/zwgk/yqbb3/ejlist.shtml,updated on October 31,2018),the mortality rate of H7N9 infections in China amounts to 39.7%(611/1536).Thus,H7N9 poses a serious public health threat.

关键词： Identification Novel Universal Potential Epitope Cytoplasmic Tail

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Co-infections of SARS-CoV-2 with multiple common respiratory pathogens in infected patients

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2020年第4期63卷 606-609页

作者： Dachuan Lin Lei Liu Mingxia Zhang Yunlong Hu Qianting Yang Jiubiao Guo Yongchao Guo Youchao Dai Yuzhong Xu Yi Cai xinchun chen Zheng Zhang Kaisong Huang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease Department of Pathology BiologySchool of MedicineShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases Guangdong Key Lab for Diagnosis&Treatment of Emerging Infectious DiseasesShenzhen Third People’s HospitalSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518112China Department of Clinical Laboratory Shenzhen Baoan HospitalThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518071China

Dear Editor,In late December 2019,an outbreak of severe pneumonia caused by an unknown etiological agent was initially reported in Wuhan,China,and then quickly spread throughout China and even abroad(Zhu et al.,2020).Swift control measures and etiological investigations were conducted by the Chinese government,physicians and researchers,and by using high throughput sequencing and virological testing,the mysterious pneumonia pathogen was shown to be a novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)capable of person-to-person transmission(Zhu et al.,2020).Coronaviruses are a group of non-segmented,enveloped and positive-sense RNA viruses that belong to the subfamily of Coronavirinae in the family of Coronavirdiae and order of Nidovirales.

关键词： initially Swift envelope

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Anesthetic considerations for the patients with off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting

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Journal of Nanjing Medical University 2005年第5期19卷 270-276页

作者： xinchun chen chengzhang Fu Chris Cokis Department of Anesthesia the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210029 Department of Anesthesia and pain medicine Royal Perth Hospital Western Australia Perth 6004 Australia

New surgical techniques for coronary artery bypass graft （CABG） have been explored in order to minimize disfiguring scars, avoid cardiopulmonary bypass and decrease hospital residence and costs etc. Improved surgical expense can perform the procedures in some high-risk patients such as poor left ventricular function, redo CABG, advanced age and renal dysfunction etc. Intraoperatively there is an obligatory period of myocardial ischemia, which may lead to significant hemodynamic consequences. It is a quite challenge to anesthetist in managing the intraoperative patient.

关键词： coronary artery bypass graft cardiopulmonary bypass myocardial ischemia bispectral index transesophageal echocardiography

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Anesthetic management for the patients with cardiac transplant

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Journal of Nanjing Medical University 2005年第6期19卷 284-288页

作者： xinchun chen John Faris Mickle Michael Chris Cokis Department of Anesthesiclogy the First Hospital Affiliated of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210029 China Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Royal Perth Hospital Western Auswalia Perth 6004 Auswalia.

With the advancement of medical technique and application of the new immunosuppressant agents, cardiac transplantation has become an effective treatment for end-stage heart disease caused by different reasons. The orthotopic procedure has been performed in many countries nowadays. Whether it is successful or not mainly depends on harvesting the denoted heart, operative technique and perioperative management.

关键词： cardiac transplant ischemic time reperfusion left ventricular assist device transpulmonary pressure gradient

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