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Use of evergreen and deciduous plants by nocturnal-roosting birds:A case study in Beijing

Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 211-218页

作者： Yexi Zhao Jiayu Zhang Zihan Li Qinmijia Xie xin Deng Chenxi Zhang nan wang School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

With continually increasing urbanization,the land cover in urban areas continues to change,resulting in the loss of biodiversity.Birds are highly sensitive to changes in habitat.Most forest birds perch on plants that provide increased safety to reduce the risk of predation,and small birds may also consider insulation when using roosting plants in winter because of cold weather.Landscaping plants thus shape the nocturnal roosting environment of urban birds,and proper planting is essential for the survival of birds at night.The use of roosting plants by urban birds should therefore be studied to provide a reference for landscaping.In the current study,we observed 1865 nocturnal roosting birds in Beijing from 2021 to 2022,with 23 species of birds from 12 families and 45 species of plants from 22 families recorded.Juniperus chinensis exhibited the highest bird rarity-weighted richness,followed by Fraxinus pennsylvanica,Phyllostachys propinqua,Pinus tabuliformis,and Ulmus pumila.The diameter at breast height,tree height,and crown width of plants used by birds was largest in summer and smallest in winter,and the perch height of birds was the highest in spring and summer and the lowest in winter.Birds used the highest proportion of deciduous plants in summer and the highest proportion of evergreen plants in winter.A significant seasonal difference in the use of evergreen and deciduous plants by small birds was noted,with a preference for deciduous plants in summer and evergreen plants in winter,while this preference was not found in large birds.These findings indicate that evergreen plants provide a vital nocturnal roosting environment for small birds in winter.To provide a better nocturnal roosting habitat for urban birds,we recommend paying attention to the combination of evergreen and deciduous plants when carrying out landscape construction.

关键词： Nocturnal roosting Roosting plant Seasonal variation Urban bird

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Recent advances in the culture-independent discovery of natural products using metagenomic approaches

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第2期22卷 100-111页

作者： SHEN Yiping LIU nan wang Zongqiang Laboratory of Microbial Drug Discovery China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 211198China

Natural products derived from bacterial sources have long been pivotal in the discovery of drug leads.However,the cultivation of only about 1%of bacteria in laboratory settings has left a significant portion of biosynthetic diversity hidden within the genomes of uncultured bacteria.Advances in sequencing technologies now enable the exploration of genetic material from these metagenomes through culture-independent methods.This approach involves extracting genetic sequences from environmental DNA and applying a hybrid methodology that combines functional screening,sequence tag-based homology screening,and bioinformatic-assisted chemical synthesis.Through this process,numerous valuable natural products have been identified and synthesized from previously uncharted metagenomic territories.This paper provides an overview of the recent advancements in the utilization of culture-independent techniques for the discovery of novel biosynthetic gene clusters and bioactive small molecules within metagenomic libraries.

关键词： Metagenomics Culture-independent approach Natural product Functional screening Sequence tag-based homology screening Syn-BNP

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Moisture‑Electric–Moisture‑Sensitive Heterostructure Triggered Proton Hopping for Quality‑Enhancing Moist‑Electric Generator

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nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 351-366页

作者： Ya’nan Yang Jiaqi wang Zhe wang Changxiang Shao Yuyang Han Ying wang Xiaoting Liu Xiaotong Sun Liru wang Yuanyuan Li Qiang Guo Wenpeng Wu nan Chen Liangti Qu Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education of ChinaKey Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081People’s Republic of China Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology Jiaxing 314019People’s Republic of China Department of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics&Molecular EngineeringMinistry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Moisture-enabled electricity(ME)is a method of converting the potential energy of water in the external environment into electrical energy through the interaction of functional materials with water molecules and can be directly applied to energy harvesting and signal expression.However,ME can be unreliable in numerous applications due to its sluggish response to moisture,thus sacrificing the value of fast energy harvesting and highly accurate information representation.Here,by constructing a moisture-electric-moisture-sensitive(ME-MS)heterostructure,we develop an efficient ME generator with ultra-fast electric response to moisture achieved by triggering Grotthuss protons hopping in the sensitized ZnO,which modulates the heterostructure built-in interfacial potential,enables quick response(0.435 s),an unprecedented ultra-fast response rate of 972.4 mV s^(−1),and a durable electrical signal output for 8 h without any attenuation.Our research provides an efficient way to generate electricity and important insight for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of moisture-generated carrier migration in ME generator,which has a more comprehensive working scene and can serve as a typical model for human health monitoring and smart medical electronics design.

关键词： Moist-electric generators Grotthuss proton hopping Fast response Durable electrical output Personal health monitoring

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Newcastle disease virus suppresses antigen presentation via inhibiting IL-12 expression in dendritic cells

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第3期25卷 254-270页

作者： Fulong nan Wenlong nan xin YAN Hui wang Shasha JIANG Shuyun ZHANG Zhongjie YU Xianjuan ZHANG Fengjun LIU Jun LI Xiaoqiong ZHOU Delei NIU Yiquan LI Wei wang Ning SHI Ningyi JIN Changzhan XIE Xiaoni CUI He ZHANG Bin wang Huijun LU Department of Special Medicine Department of Pathogenic BiologySchool of Basic MedicineQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center Qingdao 266032China Academician Workstation of Jilin Province Changchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchun 130117China Institute of Virology Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035China College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Changchun Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun 130122China Sino-Cell Biomed Co. Ltd.Qingdao 266000China

As a potential vectored vaccine,Newcastle disease virus(NDV)has been subject to various studies for vaccine development,while relatively little research has outlined the immunomodulatory effect of the virus in antigen presentation.To elucidate the key inhibitory factor in regulating the interaction of infected dendritic cells(DCs)and T cells,DCs were pretreated with the NDV vaccine strain LaSota as an inhibitor and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)for further detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),flow cytometry,immunoblotting,and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).The results revealed that NDV infection resulted in the inhibition of interleukin(IL)-12p40 in DCs through a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)-dependent manner,thus inhibiting the synthesis of IL-12p70,leading to the reduction in T cell proliferation and the secretion of interferon-(IFN-),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and IL-6 induced by DCs.Consequently,downregulated cytokines accelerated the infection and viral transmission from DCs to T cells.Furthermore,several other strains of NDV also exhibited inhibitory activity.The current study reveals that NDV can modulate the intensity of the innate-adaptive immune cell crosstalk critically toward viral invasion improvement,highlighting a novel mechanism of virus-induced immunosuppression and providing new perspectives on the improvement of NDV-vectored vaccine.

关键词： Newcastle disease virus Dendritic cells Interleukin-12(IL-12) T cells Immunosuppression

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Comparison of tailpipe carbonyls and volatile organic compounds emissions from in-use gasoline/CNG bi-fuel vehicles

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 619-629页

作者： Jiachen Li Yunshan Ge xin wang Mengzhu Zhang Haohao wang School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Ground-level ozone contamination has been globally an urban air quality issue,particularly for China,which has recently made significant progress in purifying its sky.Unregulated exhaust emissions from motor vehicles,predominantly carbonyls and volatile organic compounds(VOCs),are among the leading contributors to ozone formation.In this chassislevel study,the unregulated emissions from five China-5 certified gasoline/CNG bi-fuel taxis,along with their ozone forming potential(OFP),were evaluated.It is found that carbonyls and VOCs were mainly emitted during the starting phase no matter the engine was cold or hot.Compared to gasoline,CNG fueling reduced VOCs emissions on a large scale,especially in the starting phase,but had elevated carbonyls.On a fleet average,CNG fueling derived 15%and 46%less OFP than gasoline in cold-and hot-start tests,respectively.VOCs contributed to over 90%of the total OFP of the exhaust.In terms of alleviating ground-level ozone contamination,CNG is a feasible alternative to gasoline on light-duty vehicles.

关键词： CNG Gasoline Carbonyls VOCs OFP

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Effects of serum proteins on corrosion rates and product bioabsorbability of biodegradable metals

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第1期3卷 132-148页

作者： Hongjie Zhang xin Li Zehua Qu Wanqian Zhang Qunsong wang Dinglingge Cao Yaoben wang xin wang Yang wang Lin Yu Jiandong Ding State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

Corrodible metals are the newest kind of biodegradable materials and raise a new problem of the corrosion products.However,the removal of the precipitated products has been unclear and even largely ignored in publications.Herein,we find that albumin,an abundant macromolecule in serum,enhances the solubility of corrosion products of iron in blood mimetic Hank’s solution significantly.This is universal for other main biodegradable metals such as magnesium,zinc and polyester-coated iron.Albumin also influences corrosion rates in diverse trends in Hank’s solution and normal saline.Based on quantitative study theoretically and experimentally,both the effects on corrosion rates and soluble fractions are interpreted by a unified mechanism,and the key factor leading to different corrosion behaviors in corrosion media is the interference of albumin to the Ca/P passivation layer on the metal surface.This work has illustrated that the interactions between metals and media macromolecules should be taken into consideration in the design of the next-generation metal-based biodegradable medical devices in the formulism of precision medicine.The improved Hank’s solution in the presence of albumin and with a higher content of initial calcium salt is suggested to access biodegradable metals potentially for cardiovascular medical devices,where the content of calcium salt is calculated after consideration of chelating of calcium ions by albumin,resulting in the physiological concentration of free calcium ions.

关键词： biodegradable metal macromolecule albumin corrosion bioabsorbability iron polylactide magnesium zinc

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Adolescent suicide risk factors and the integration of socialemotional skills in school-based prevention programs

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第4期14卷 494-506页

作者： xin-Qiao Liu xin wang School of Education Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

Adolescents are considered one of the most vulnerable groups affected by suicide.Rapid changes in adolescents’physical and mental states,as well as in their lives,significantly and undeniably increase the risk of suicide.Psychological,social,family,individual,and environmental factors are important risk factors for suicidal behavior among teenagers and may contribute to suicide risk through various direct,indirect,or combined pathways.Social-emotional learning is considered a powerful intervention measure for addressing the crisis of adolescent suicide.When deliberately cultivated,fostered,and enhanced,selfawareness,self-management,social awareness,interpersonal skills,and responsible decision-making,as the five core competencies of social-emotional learning,can be used to effectively target various risk factors for adolescent suicide and provide necessary mental and interpersonal support.Among numerous suicide intervention methods,school-based interventions based on social-emotional competence have shown great potential in preventing and addressing suicide risk factors in adolescents.The characteristics of school-based interventions based on social-emotional competence,including their appropriateness,necessity,cost-effectiveness,comprehensiveness,and effectiveness,make these interventions an important means of addressing the crisis of adolescent suicide.To further determine the potential of school-based interventions based on social-emotional competence and better address the issue of adolescent suicide,additional financial support should be provided,the combination of socialemotional learning and other suicide prevention programs within schools should be fully leveraged,and cooperation between schools and families,society,and other environments should be maximized.These efforts should be considered future research directions.

关键词： Adolescent suicide Risk factors Social-emotional skills Social and emotional learning School Prevention

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Unlocking the power of physical activity in easing psychological distress

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 1-7页

作者： xin-Qiao Liu xin wang School of Education Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

The severity of the current global mental health situation and the importance of maintaining psychological well-being call for more powerful,convenient,and efficient solutions for addressing psychological issues and relieving mental stress.Physical activity not only effectively improves physical fitness and reduces negative emotions such as anxiety and depression but also increases the improvement of psychological health and sense of well-being.At the same time,physical activity interventions for mental health have unique advantages,including reducing the side effects of psychological interventions and increasing necessity,convenience,and cost-effectiveness,as well as flexible adaptability across multiple methods,groups,and age ranges,providing stronger support for relieving psychological stress and addressing psychological issues.Although physical activity is an important intervention measure in relieving psychological stress,its value and role in mental health care seem to have not yet received sufficient attention,and its potential remains to be further revealed.Given the significant advantages and effectiveness of physical activity in mental health intervention practices,it is necessary to stimulate its potential in relieving psychological stress through various means in future studies to better safeguard the public’s physical and mental health.Developing guidelines for physical activity for improved mental health,enhancing organic integration with other intervention measures,and providing necessary respect,encouragement,and support are important directions to consider.

关键词： Physical activity Psychological distress Mental health Artificial intelligence Guidance

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Perspective of Calcium Imaging Technology Applied to Acupuncture Research

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期30卷 3-9页

作者： LI Sha LIU Yun ZHANG nan LI wang XU Wen-jie XU Yi-qian CHEN Yi-yuan CUI Xiang ZHU Bing GAO xin-yan Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing(100700)China

Acupuncture, a therapeutic treatment defined as the insertion of needles into the body at specific points(ie, acupoints), has growing in popularity world-wide to treat various diseases effectively, especially acute and chronic pain. In parallel, interest in the physiological mechanisms underlying acupuncture analgesia, particularly the neural mechanisms have been increasing. Over the past decades, our understanding of how the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system process signals induced by acupuncture has developed rapidly by using electrophysiological methods. However, with the development of neuroscience, electrophysiology is being challenged by calcium imaging in view field, neuron population and visualization in vivo. Owing to the outstanding spatial resolution, the novel imaging approaches provide opportunities to enrich our knowledge about the neurophysiological mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia at subcellular, cellular, and circuit levels in combination with new labeling, genetic and circuit tracing techniques. Therefore, this review will introduce the principle and the method of calcium imaging applied to acupuncture research. We will also review the current findings in pain research using calcium imaging from in vitro to in vivo experiments and discuss the potential methodological considerations in studying acupuncture analgesia.

关键词： acupuncture research calcium imaging optical imaging nervous system

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Ionization Engineering of Hydrogels Enables Highly Efficient Salt‑Impeded Solar Evaporation and Night‑Time Electricity Harvesting

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nano-Micro Letters 2024年第1期16卷 131-146页

作者： nan He Haonan wang Haotian Zhang Bo Jiang Dawei Tang Lin Li School of Energy and Power Engineering Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of EducationDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024People’s Republic of China

Interfacial solar evaporation holds immense potential for brine desalination with low carbon footprints and high energy utilization.Hydrogels,as a tunable material platform from the molecular level to the macroscopic scale,have been considered the most promising candidate for solar evaporation.However,the simultaneous achievement of high evaporation efficiency and satisfactory tolerance to salt ions in brine remains a challenging scientific bottleneck,restricting the widespread application.Herein,we report ionization engineering,which endows polymer chains of hydrogels with electronegativity for impeding salt ions and activating water molecules,fundamentally overcoming the hydrogel salt-impeded challenge and dramatically expediting water evaporating in brine.The sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate-modified carbon black is chosen as the solar absorbers.The hydrogel reaches a ground-breaking evaporation rate of 2.9 kg m−2 h−1 in 20 wt%brine with 95.6%efficiency under one sun irradiation,surpassing most of the reported literature.More notably,such a hydrogel-based evaporator enables extracting clean water from oversaturated salt solutions and maintains durability under different high-strength deformation or a 15-day continuous operation.Meantime,on the basis of the cation selectivity induced by the electronegativity,we first propose an all-day system that evaporates during the day and generates salinity-gradient electricity using waste-evaporated brine at night,anticipating pioneer a new opportunity for all-day resource-generating systems in fields of freshwater and electricity.

关键词： Solar evaporation Hydrogel evaporators Salt impeding Ionization engineering Cyclic vapor-electricity generation

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