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Large-inductance superconducting microstrip photon detector enabling 10 photon-number resolution

Advanced Photonics 2024年第1期6卷 96-105页

作者： Ling-Dong Kong Tian-Zhu Zhang Xiao-Yu Liu Hao Li Zhen Wang Xiao-ming xie Li-Xing You Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyNational Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated CircuitsShanghaiChina CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics ShanghaiChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringBeijingChina

Efficient and precise photon-number-resolving detectors are essential for optical quantum information *** this,very few detectors have been able to distinguish photon numbers with both high fidelity and a large dynamic range,all while maintaining high speed and high timing *** nanostrip-based detectors excel at counting single photons efficiently and rapidly,but face challenges in balancing dynamic range and ***,we have pioneered the demonstration of 10 true photon-number resolution using a superconducting microstrip detector,with readout fidelity reaching an impressive 98%and 90%for 4-photon and 6-photon events,***,our proposed dual-channel timing setup drastically reduces the amount of data acquisition by 3 orders of magnitude,allowing for real-time photon-number *** then demonstrate the utility of our scheme by implementing a quantum random-number generator based on sampling the parity of a coherent state,which guarantees inherent unbiasedness,robustness against experimental imperfections and environmental noise,as well as invulnerability to *** solution boasts high fidelity,a large dynamic range,and real-time characterization for photon-number resolution and simplicity with respect to device structure,fabrication,and readout,which may provide a promising avenue towards optical quantum information science.

关键词： superconducting microstrips single-photon detector photon-number resolution quantum random number

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Achieving a remarkable low-temperature tensile ductility in a high-strength tungsten alloy

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Tungsten 2024年第1期6卷 150-161页

作者： Xiang Cheng Zhuo-ming xie Xue-Feng xie Long-Fei Zeng Rui Liu Jun-Feng Yang Xue-Bang Wu Xian-Ping Wang Chang-Song Liu Qiang-Feng Fang Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Institute of Solid State PhysicsHFIPSChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000China

Hot-swaging yields a high ultimate tensile strength of 712 MPa but a limited tensile ductility with the total elongation of3.6%at a testing temperature of 200℃in a representative W-0.5wt.%ZrC *** this work,the evolution of Vickers microhardness with annealing temperatures is investigated in detail,which contributes to a rough index chart to guide the search for an optimized post-annealing *** the post-annealing around 1300℃,an outstanding tensile ductility at200℃,including a uniform elongation of 14%and a total elongation of~25%,has been achieved without the sacrifice of its *** evolution of dislocations and grain structures with the annealing temperatures accessed through backscattered scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope analysis reveals that the improved low-temperature tensile ductility has resulted from the reduction of residual dislocations and dislocation tanglement via the static recovery,which provides more room to accommodate dislocations,and hence stronger strain hardening ability and tensile ductility.

关键词： Tungsten Low-temperature ductility Annealing Dislocations

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Coupled single-cell and bulk RNA-seq analysis reveals the engulfment role of endothelial cells in atherosclerosis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第5期11卷 442-455页

作者： Jianxiong Xu Jinxuan Wang Hongping Zhang Yidan Chen Xiaojuan Zhang Ying Zhang ming xie Jun Xiao Juhui Qiu Guixue Wang Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular ImplantsBioengineering Modern Life Science Experiment Teaching Center of Bioengineering CollegeChongqing UniversityChongqing 400030China Jinfeng Laboratory Chongqing 401329China School of Basic Medical Sciences Chengdu Medical CollegeChengduSichuan 610500China Chongqing Emergency Medical Center(Chongqing University Central Hospital) Chongqing 400014China

The clearance of apoptotic cell debris,containing professional phagocytosis and non-professional phagocytosis,is essential for maintaining the homeostasis of healthy ***,we discovered that endothelial cells could engulf apoptotic cell debris in atherosclerotic ***-cell RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)has revealed a unique endothelial cell subpopulation in atherosclerosis,which was strongly associated with vascular injury-related ***,integrated analysis of three vascular injury-related RNA-seq datasets showed that the expression of scavenger receptor class B type 1(SR-B1)was up-regulated and specifically enriched in the phagocytosis pathway under vascular injury ***-cell RNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq indicate that SR-B1 was highly expressed in a unique endothelial cell subpopulation of mouse aorta and strongly associated with the reorganization of cellular adherent junctions and cytoskeleton which were necessary for ***,SR-B1 was strongly required for endothelial cells to engulf apoptotic cell debris in atherosclerotic plaque of both mouse and human ***,this study demonstrated that apoptotic cell debris could be engulfed by endothelial cells through SR-B1 and associated with the reorganization of cellular adherent junctions and cytoskeleton.

关键词： Apoptotic cell debris Atherosclerosis Endothelial engulfment Single-cell RNA sequencing Scavenger receptor class B type 1

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Dinitrophenyl-oxadiazole compounds:Design strategy,synthesis,and properties of a series of new melt-cast explosives

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第5期35卷 100-107页

作者： Bao-long Kuang Ting-wei Wang Cong Li Mou Sun Qamar-un-Nisa Tariq Chao Zhang Zhi-ming xie Zu-jia Lu Jian-guo Zhang State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China China Wuzhou Engineering Group CO. LTD.Beijing 100053China

Melt-cast explosives are the most widely used energetic materials in military composite explosives,researchers have been unremittingly exploring high-energy and insensitive melt-cast *** this work,a series of dinitrophenyl-oxadiazole compounds were designed and *** compounds have an ideal low melting point(80-97℃),good detonation performance(detonation velocity D=6455-6971 m/s,detonation pressure P=18-19 GPa)and extreme insensitive nature(impact sensitivity≥60 J,friction sensitivity>360 N).All these compounds were well characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance,fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,elemental *** 2,3 were unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction *** a result,their overall properties are superior to traditional melt-cast explosives trinitrotoluene(TNT)and dinitroanisole(DNAN)which may have excellent potential applications in insensitive melt-cast explosives.

关键词： Dinitrophenyl-oxadiazole Melt-cast explosive Low sensitivity

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一个唐五代抄本的流行与亡佚——日本高山寺古钞本《庄子》考

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清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2024年第3期39卷 231-240,248页

作者：谢明宁波大学人文与传媒学院宁波315211

高山寺古钞本是唐五代一度流行的《庄子》抄本或其传抄本,在判定敦煌写本真伪及厘清其版本系统、梳理《庄子》文本演变、推求成玄英疏本原貌等方面具有重要价值。有学者怀疑钞本底本是成玄英疏原本,出自刘宋元嘉本,乃抄手只抄经注,节略... 详细信息

高山寺古钞本是唐五代一度流行的《庄子》抄本或其传抄本,在判定敦煌写本真伪及厘清其版本系统、梳理《庄子》文本演变、推求成玄英疏本原貌等方面具有重要价值。有学者怀疑钞本底本是成玄英疏原本,出自刘宋元嘉本,乃抄手只抄经注,节略疏文而成。通过异文分析、对比可知,钞本跟元嘉本、成疏本存在一些共同异文,但有更多异文相左,钞本并非元嘉本,更非成疏原本。成玄英疏本早期并非经注疏合抄本,没有确凿证据证明钞本有疏文窜入,抄手只抄经注,节略疏文的观点不能成立。钞本是吸收《经典释文·庄子音义》底本、或本、元嘉本、成疏本等众多郭注本异文而形成的新版本。钞本与几种敦煌写本高度一致,它们有共同的版本来源——唐五代时曾经通行的一个《庄子》写本。该本可能是玄宗朝形成的“奉诏”新校本,但后来亡佚。就钞本抄写和祖本形成时间来说,其上限在陆德明《经典释文》成书之后,下限在陈景元《庄子阙误》成书之前。

关键词：唐五代抄本敦煌写本高山寺《庄子》

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Mechanical property and thermal shock behavior of tungsten-yttria-stabilized zirconia cermet fabricated by spark plasma sintering

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Tungsten 2024年第1期6卷 134-140页

作者： Lin-Chao Zhang Ke Jing Rui Liu Zhuo-ming xie Jun-Feng Yang Gang Li Xian-Ping Wang Xue-Bang Wu Qian-Feng Fang Chang-Song Liu Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Institute of Solid State PhysicsHFIPSChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China Science and Technology on Reactor Fuel and Materials Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of ChinaChengdu 610041China

The cermet fuels have been considered as a potential key component for the nuclear thermal propulsion,and the homogeneity of the fuel particles in the metal matrix plays a crucial role in stabilizing the structure at extremely high *** this work,liquid paraffin was used as additive to improve the distribution of yttria-stabilized zirconia(YSZ,an appropriate surrogate for UO_(2) fuel)microspheres in the tungsten(W)matrix,and the W-YSZ cermet wafers(volume ratio 1:1)with a relative density of 97.6%were fabricated by spark plasma sintering with a specifically designed *** effects of the paraffin dosage(0-5 wt.%)on the homogeneity,microstructure,mechanical properties,and the thermal conductivity of W-YSZ cermet were *** W-YSZ sample with 2 wt.%paraffin shows the highest homogeneity and exhibits the best comprehensive properties,including the ultimate tensile strength of 132.2 MPa at 600℃,the bending strength of455 MPa and thermal conductivity of 50 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)at room ***,the cermet could keep structurally sound after thermal shocked at a heat load of 20 MW·m^(-2).These results would be helpful for the design and optimization of the cermet fuels in the nuclear thermal propulsion.

关键词： Nuclear thermal propulsion Tungsten Cermet Liquid paraffin Thermal shock

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Accurate diagnosis of severe coronary stenosis based on resting magnetocardiography: a prospective, single-center, cross-sectional analysis

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第4期21卷 407-420页

作者： Jian-Guo CUI Feng TIAN Yu-Hao MIAO Qin-Hua JIN Ya-Jun SHI Li LI Meng-Jun SHEN Xiao-ming xie Shu-Lin ZHANG Yun-Dai CHEN School of Medicine Nankai UniversityTianjinChina Senior Department of Cardiology the Sixth Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina Joint Laboratory of Bioimaging Technology and Applications SAS-SIM-IT&MEDIShanghaiChina Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina

OBJECTIVE To evalu ate the role of resting magnetocardiography in identifying seve re coronary artery stenosis in patients with suspected coronary artery *** A total of 513 patients with angina symptoms were included and divided into two groups based on the extent of coronary artery disease determined by angiography:the non-severe coronary stenusis group(<70% stenosis) and the severe coronary stenosis group(≥70% stenosis).The diagnostic model was constructed using magnetic field map(MFM) parameters,either individually or in combination with clinical *** performance of the models was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves,accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value(PPV) and ne gative predictive value(NPV).Calibration plots and decision curve analysis were performed to investigate the clinical utility and performance of the models,*** In the severe coronary stenosis group,QR_MCTDd,S_MDp,and TT_(MA)C_(50) were significantly higher than those in the non-severe coronary stenosis group(10,46±10.66 vs,5.11±6.07,P <0.001;7.2±8.64 vs.4.68±6.95,P=0.003;0.32±57.29 vs.0.26±57.29,P <0.001).While,QR_MV_(amp),R_(MA),and T_(MA) in the severe coronary stenosis group were lower(0.23±0.16 vs.0.28±0.16,P<0.001;55.06±48.68 vs.59.24±53.01,P<0.001;51.67±39.32 vs. 60.45±51.33,P <0.001).Seven MFM parameters were integrated into the model,resulting in an area under the curve of 0.810(95% CI:0.765-0.855).The sensitivity,specificity,PPV,NPV,and accurecy were 71.7%,80.4%,93.3%,42.8 %,and 73.5%;*** combined model exhibited an area under the curve of 0.845(95% CI:0.798-0.892).The sensitivity,specificity,PPV,NPV,and accuracy were 84.3%,73.8%,92.6%,54.6%,and 82.1%;*** curves demonstrate d excellent agreement between the nomogram prediction and actual *** decision curve analysis showed that the c ombine d model provided greater net benefit compared to the magnetocardingraphy model.C

关键词： coronary stenosis specificity

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Temperature inversion enables superior stability for low-temperature Zn-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 245-253页

作者： Fu-Da Yu Zhe-Jian Yi Rui-Yang Li Wei-Hao Lin Jie Chen Xiao-Yue Chen Yi-ming xie Ji-Huai Wu Zhang Lan Lan-Fang Que Bao-Sheng Liu Hao Luo Zhen-Bo Wang Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials Ministry of EducationInstitute of Materials Physical ChemistryHuaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021FujianChina b2 School of Electronic Engineering Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou 545006GuangxiChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Xiamen University of TechnologyXiamen 361024FujianChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001HenanChina MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage State Key Laboratory of Space Power-SourcesSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001HeilongjiangChina College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518071GuangdongChina

It is challenging for aqueous Zn-ion batteries(ZIBs)to achieve comparable low-temperature(low-T)performance due to the easy-frozen electrolyte and severe Zn ***,an aqueous electrolyte with a low freezing point and high ionic conductivity is *** with molecular dynamics simulation and multi-scale interface analysis(time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry threedimensional mapping and in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy method),the temperature independence of the V_(2)O_(5)cathode and Zn anode is observed to be ***,dominated by the solvent structure of the designed electrolyte at low temperatures,vanadium dissolution/shuttle is significantly inhibited,and the zinc dendrites caused by this electrochemical crosstalk are greatly relieved,thus showing an abnormal temperature inversion *** the disclosure and improvement of the above phenomena,the designed Zn||V_(2)O_(5)full cell delivers superior low-T performance,maintaining almost 99%capacity retention after 9500 cycles(working more than 2500 h)at-20°*** work proposes a kind of electrolyte suitable for low-T ZIBs and reveals the inverse temperature dependence of the Zn anode,which might offer a novel perspective for the investigation of low-T aqueous battery systems.

关键词： Aqueous Zn-ion batteries Low-temperature performance Opposite temperature dependence Zndendrite growth Vanadium dissolution

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协同换道避障模型和轨迹数据驱动的车辆协同避障策略

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吉林大学学报（工学版） 2024年第5期54卷 1311-1322页

作者：秦雅琴钱正富谢济铭昆明理工大学交通工程学院昆明650500

考虑车辆类型、驾驶风格及不同阶段影响车辆换道的关键目标,将车辆避障过程中的“车-车交互”机理描述为力的关系,构建协同换道避障模型(CLAM),提取并建立适用于突发事件的车辆避障微观轨迹数据集,将车辆避障转化为多约束优化控制问题,... 详细信息

考虑车辆类型、驾驶风格及不同阶段影响车辆换道的关键目标,将车辆避障过程中的“车-车交互”机理描述为力的关系,构建协同换道避障模型(CLAM),提取并建立适用于突发事件的车辆避障微观轨迹数据集,将车辆避障转化为多约束优化控制问题,以优化算法(OA)为纽带,设计车辆协同避障控制(CLAM-OA)策略。结果表明:相较于数据驱动的长短时记忆模型,CLAM-OA策略输出的误差均显著减小、车速与位移在不同时域的输出结果也更加稳定。

关键词：交通运输系统工程避障策略混合驱动车辆控制换道行为微观轨迹数据

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苏南五市秋冬季PM_(2.5)化学组成特征和空间差异

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环境科学 2024年第4期45卷 1975-1982页

作者：冯蔚丁峰尚玥谢鸣捷南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心江苏省大气环境监测与污染控制高技术研究重点实验室南京210044 江苏省南京环境监测中心南京210013 商丘市气象局商丘476000

于2020年9月至2021年2月在苏南五市(南京、苏州、无锡、常州和镇江)收集PM_(2.5)滤膜样品,分析了各样品中的水溶性无机离子和碳质组分.结果表明,苏南五市PM_(2.5)各组分中ρ(NO_(3)^(-))均为最高[(9.54±10.1)^(12.1±11.3)μg·m^(-3)]... 详细信息

于2020年9月至2021年2月在苏南五市(南京、苏州、无锡、常州和镇江)收集PM_(2.5)滤膜样品,分析了各样品中的水溶性无机离子和碳质组分.结果表明,苏南五市PM_(2.5)各组分中ρ(NO_(3)^(-))均为最高[(9.54±10.1)^(12.1±11.3)μg·m^(-3)],比其它目标组分高约2倍以上.由于受更多道路扬尘和燃煤源的影响,常州市PM_(2.5)中Ca^(2+)、Cl^(-)、OC和EC的浓度平均值高于其它4个城市.将所有目标组分浓度相加得到重构PM_(2.5)(r PM_(2.5))浓度,发现各城市r PM_(2.5)浓度均由二次无机离子(NH_(4)^(+)、NO_(3)^(-)和SO_(4)^(2-),SNA)主导,占比高达(59.2%±11.1%)^(70.8%±9.72%),且r PM_(2.5)浓度平均值在不同城市间无显著性差异(P>0.05).苏南五市ρ(r PM_(2.5))日均值>35μg·m^(-3)的情形主要发生在冬季,且出现的日期相同,此期间r PM_(2.5)中NO_(3)^(-)占比[(35.5%±6.64%)^(43.3%±6.48%)]远高于其它时间[(23.7%±9.87%)^(28.5±10.4%)].各目标组分在不同城市间的相关系数和离散系数计算结果表明,受二次源主导化学组分的浓度在时间变化趋势和数值大小上均具有高度的空间相似性.因此,减少PM_(2.5)二次组分前体物的排放和加强区域间的联防联控是进一步改善苏南城市地区PM_(2.5)污染的重要途径.

关键词：苏南城市 PM_(2.5) 化学组分空间分布二次形成

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