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Food nutrition and toxicology targeting on specific organs in the era of single-cell sequencing

Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 75-89页

作者： Xiaofei Wang xiaowen Cheng Huiling Liu Xiaohuan Mu Hao zheng National Engineering Technology Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing Key Open Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable ProcessingMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing Key Laboratory of Food Non-Thermal ProcessingCollege of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Due to the complex natures of dietary food components,it is difficult to elucidate how the compounds affect host health.Dietary food often selectively presents its mechanism of action on different cell types,and participates in the modulation of targeted cells and their microenvironments within organs.However,the limitations of traditional in vitro assays or in vivo animal experiments cannot comprehensively examine cellular heterogeneity and the tissue-biased influences.Single-cell RNA sequencing(sc RNA-seq)has emerged as an indispensable methodology to decompose tissues into different cell types for the demonstration of transcriptional profiles of individual cells.Sc RNA-seq applications has been summarized on three typical organs(brain,liver,kidney),and two representative immune-and tumor related health problems.The everincreasing role of sc RNA-seq in dietary food research with further improvement can provide sub-cellular information and the coupling between other cellular modalities.In this review,we propose utilizing sc RNAseq to more effectively capture the subtle and complex effects of food chemicals,and how they may lead to health problems at single-cell resolution.This novel technique will be valuable to elucidate the underlying mechanism of both the health benefits of food nutrients and the detrimental consequences food toxicants at the cellular level.

关键词： Dietary food Cellular heterogeneity Single-cell RNA sequencing Food nutrients Food toxicants

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The compartmentalized upper respiratory mucosa needs time to rally a sufficient immune force for SARS-CoV-2 clearance

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第12期19卷 1425-1428页

作者： xiaowen zheng Xiaoping Tang Feng Li Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou510440China Guangzhou Laboratory Bio-IslandGuangzhou510320China

SARS-CoV-2 viral reoccurrence,which is defined as reliable detection of mature virus or viral products in discharged or recovered individuals with at least two consecutive negative detections of viral genomic ribonucleic acid(RNA)by standard reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT‒PCR),raises public concerns about transmission risk and warrants exploration of the underlying mechanism.

关键词： mechanism. mucosa respiratory

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Persistently low CD4 cell counts are associated with hepatic events in HCV/HIV coinfected patients: data from the national free antiretroviral treatment program of China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第22期135卷 2699-2705页

作者： Weiyin Lin Huolin Zhong Chunyan Wen Yaozu He xiaowen zheng Hong Li Xiejie Chen Haolan He Jinfeng Chen Lijuan Chen Cong Liu Xiaoping Tang Weiping Cai Linghua Li Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510060China

Background: Chronic liver disease has emerged as a leading cause of non-acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related mortality in hepatitis C virus (HCV)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-coinfected patients. The relationship between CD4 cell count and HIV-related opportunistic infections and tumors has been well characterized;however, it is unclear whether CD4 cell count is associated with HCV-related hepatic events.Methods: This observational cohort study enrolled HCV/HIV-coinfected patients from the National Free Antiretroviral Treatment Program of China from 2004 to 2019 in Guangzhou. The primary outcome was a composite of hepatic events, including cirrhosis complications, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and liver-related mortality. Kaplan-Meier survival and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed.Results: Among the 793 patients, 43 developed hepatic events during a median follow-up of 6.7 years, including 35 cirrhosis complications, 13 HCC cases, and 14 cases of liver-related mortality. The 5-year and 10-year cumulative incidences of hepatic events were 4.2% and 9.3%, respectively. Patients who developed hepatic events had a less satisfactory increase in CD4 cell count, lower peak CD4 (354.5 cells/μLvs. 560.0 cells/μL,P 500 cells/μL (30.2%vs. 60.7%,P 500 cells/μL. Peak CD4 was negatively associated with the risk of hepatic events in a dose-response manner (P-value for trend = 0.004).Conclusion: Persistently low CD4 cell counts after ART are independently associated with a high risk of hepatic events

关键词： CD4 cell count Co-infection Hepatic events Hepatitis C virus Human immunodeficiency virus

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Gold nanoparticles with surface-anchored chiral poly（acryloyI-L（D）-valine） induce differential response on mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis

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Nano Research 2016年第12期9卷 3683-3694页

作者： Jun Deng Honghao zheng xiaowen zheng Mengyun Yao zheng Li Changyou Gao MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering ZhejiangUniversity Hangzhou 310027 China

Chirality is one of the most distinctive biochemical signatures of life, and plays crucial roles in maintaining normal functions of living cells or organisms. Pioneering work from another group has demonstrated the dependency of cell differentiation on the chirality of nano-coated substrates, but the effect of the chiral surface of nanoparticles on stem cell fates has not been investigated. In this study, the influence of molecular chiral poly（acryloyl-L（D）-valine）（L（D）- PAV）-anchored gold nanoparticles （L（D）-PAV-AuNPs） on the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） was investigated. Though osteogenic differentiation of MSCs was not affected by D-PAV-AuNPs, it was significantly promoted by L-PAV-AuNPs in terms of calcium deposition, alkaline phosphatase （ALP） activity, and expression of collagen type I and osteocalcin （OCN） at both mRNA and protein levels. L-PAV-AuNPs could activate the P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） pathway, and may exert mechanical stress on MSCs because of high amounts of internalization. These results provide new insights on surface chirality at the nanoscale as a direct regulator to guide the differentiation of MSCs, and the use of these nanomaterials for strategic regenerative medicine.

关键词： chiralpoly（acryloyl-L（D）-valine） gold nanoparticles mesenchymal stem cells osteogenic differentiation

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预处理方法对定向有机玻璃表面性能及黏结强度影响

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材料工程 2024年第5期52卷 156-162页

作者：齐梦雨相宁张晓雯颜悦郑梦瑶中国航发北京航空材料研究院北京市先进运载系统结构透明件工程技术研究中心北京100095

为研究不同表面预处理方法对定向有机玻璃表面性能以及与热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)间黏结强度的影响规律及机理,使用AFM、FTIR和接触角测量仪测定酸处理、等离子处理和过渡层处理后定向有机玻璃的表面化学组成、粗糙度与表面接触角,并使用90°... 详细信息

为研究不同表面预处理方法对定向有机玻璃表面性能以及与热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)间黏结强度的影响规律及机理,使用AFM、FTIR和接触角测量仪测定酸处理、等离子处理和过渡层处理后定向有机玻璃的表面化学组成、粗糙度与表面接触角,并使用90°剥离实验测试预处理前后定向有机玻璃与TPU之间的黏结强度。结果表明:酸处理和等离子处理后定向有机玻璃表面粗糙度和表面极性增加,同时表面润湿性能得到改善,使黏结强度分别上升了14%和22%;而过渡层预处理提高了基材与TPU的化学相容性,处理后定向有机玻璃表面极性与TPU相近,降低了界面张力,明显改善界面黏结性能,黏结强度由4.44 kN/m上升至23.61 kN/m。

关键词：定向有机玻璃热塑性聚氨酯黏结机理表面性能

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Light-induced dynamic RGD pattern for sequential modulation of macrophage phenotypes

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第11期6卷 4065-4072页

作者： Yilun Luo xiaowen zheng Peiqi Yuan Xingyao Ye Lie Ma MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China

Due to the critical roles of macrophage in immune response and tissue repair,harnessing macrophage phenotypes dynamically to match the tissue healing process on demand attracted many attentions.Although there have developed many advanced platforms with dynamic features for cell manipulation,few studies have designed a dynamic chemical pattern to sequentially polarize macrophage phenotypes and meet the immune requirements at various tissue repair stages.Here,we propose a novel strategy for spatiotemporal manipulation of macrophage phenotypes by a UV-induced dynamic Arg-Gly-Asp(RGD)pattern.By employing a photo-patterning technique and the specific interaction between cyclodextrin(CD)and azobenzene-RGD(Azo-RGD),we prepared a polyethylene glycol-dithiol/polyethylene glycol-norbornene(PEG-SH/PEG-Nor)hydrogel with dynamic RGD-patterned surface.After irradiation with 365-nm UV light,the homogeneous RGD surface was transformed to the RGD-patterned surface which induced morphological transformation of macrophages from round to elongated and subsequent phenotypic transition from pro-inflammation to anti-inflammation.The mechanism of phenotypic polarization induced by RGD pattern was proved to be related to Rho-associated protein kinase 2(ROCK2).Sequential modulation of macrophage phenotypes by the dynamic RGD-patterned surface provides a remote and non-invasive strategy to manipulate immune reactions and achieve optimized healing outcomes.

关键词： Light-responsive Dynamic RGD pattern Macrophage phenotype Immune response Tissue repair

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Salivary exosomal PSMA7： a promising biomarker of inflammatory bowel disease

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Protein & Cell 2017年第9期8卷 686-695页

作者： xiaowen zheng Feng Chen Qian Zhang Yulan Liu Peng You Shan Sun Jiuxiang Lin Ning Chen The Department of Orthodontics Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 China Central Laboratory Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 China The Department of Gastroenterology Peking University People's Hospital Beijing 100044 China The School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） is an intestinal immune-dysfunctional disease worldwide whose prevalence increasing in Asia including China. It is a chronic disease of the gastrointestinal tract with unknown cause. Exosomes are small vesicles in various body fluids. They have diameters of 40-120 nm, and one of their functions is long-distance transfer of various sub- stances. In this study, we investigated the contents of salivary exosomes in patients with IBD and in healthy controls to explore a new biomarker in patients with IBD. In this study, whole saliva was obtained from patients with IBD （ulcerative colitis （UC）, n = 37; Crohn＇s disease （CD）, n = 11） and apparently healthy individuals （HC, n = 10）. Salivary exosomes were extracted from samples, and the proteins within the exosomes were iden- tified by liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer （LC- MS/MS）. The results showed that more than 2000 proteins were detected in salivary exosomes from patients with IBD. Through gene ontology analysis, we found that proteasome subunit alpha type 7 （PSMA7） showed especially marked differences between patients with IBD and the healthy controls, in that its expression level was much higher in the CD and UC groups. This exosomal protein is related to proteasome activity and inflamma- tory responses. So we conclude that in this research,salivary exosomal PSMA7 was present at high levels in salivary exosomes from subjects with IBD. It can be a very promising biomarker to release the patients from the pain of colonoscopy.

关键词： exosomes inflammatory bowel disease,proteomics PSMA7

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多道瞬态瑞雷面波法在城市工程地下障碍物探测中的应用

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城市勘测 2024年第1期 195-199页

作者：郑晓雯上海市建筑科学研究院有限公司上海市工程结构安全重点实验室上海200032

在城市工程施工中常常由于遇到地下障碍物而产生不良后果,因此在工程设计与施工前会对施工场地地下障碍物进行探测。与常规的地震反射波法或折射波法相比,多道瞬态瑞雷面波法因瑞雷波在垂向激震产生的波组中能量最强而易于识别、对场地... 详细信息

在城市工程施工中常常由于遇到地下障碍物而产生不良后果,因此在工程设计与施工前会对施工场地地下障碍物进行探测。与常规的地震反射波法或折射波法相比,多道瞬态瑞雷面波法因瑞雷波在垂向激震产生的波组中能量最强而易于识别、对场地的要求不高、有一定的穿透能力且浅层分辨率高等优势,在解决浅层工程地质问题方面具有重要的作用。本文结合工程实例,阐述了多道瞬态瑞雷面波法的探测原理以及在城市工程地下障碍物探测中的应用。结果表明瑞雷面波法可以对工程场地地下存在的含混凝土块、抛石等不良地质体的杂填土层的分布和埋深进行了准确探测,在城市工程地下障碍物探测中有良好的效果及前景。

关键词：多道瞬态瑞雷面波法地下障碍物混凝土块抛石频散曲线相速度

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基于UbD理念的高中地理情境教学设计——以“交通运输布局对区域发展的影响”为例

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地理教学 2024年第12期 19-22页

作者：冉杰冯晓雯郑娟娟深圳市教育科学研究院广东深圳518022 广东实验中学深圳学校广东深圳518034 深圳科学高中广东深圳518129

地理教学旨在培养学生地理学科核心素养。UbD是培养核心素养的一种理念,强调理解和逆向,将教学设计分为三个阶段,即明确预期结果、确定评估证据、设计和安排教学活动。本文在UbD理念下运用情境教学法,以“交通运输布局对区域经济发展的... 详细信息

地理教学旨在培养学生地理学科核心素养。UbD是培养核心素养的一种理念,强调理解和逆向,将教学设计分为三个阶段,即明确预期结果、确定评估证据、设计和安排教学活动。本文在UbD理念下运用情境教学法,以“交通运输布局对区域经济发展的影响”为课例进行了教学设计,探索培养地理学科核心素养的新路径,为教师教学提供经验借鉴。

关键词： UbD理念情境教学核心素养交通运输布局与区域发展

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一种基于Curvelet变换的地震数据去噪方法和应用

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城市道桥与防洪 2024年第3期 251-254,M0020页

作者：郑晓雯上海市建筑科学研究院有限公司上海市200032 上海市工程结构安全重点实验室上海市200032

如何去除噪声且不损失有效信号是地震数据处理中的一个重难点。实验将一种Curvelet自适应阈值去噪法应用到地震数据处理中,Curvelet变换系数由自适应阈值约束,经阈值函数映射得到估计系数,最后对所得的估计系数进行逆变换,实现地震数据... 详细信息

如何去除噪声且不损失有效信号是地震数据处理中的一个重难点。实验将一种Curvelet自适应阈值去噪法应用到地震数据处理中,Curvelet变换系数由自适应阈值约束,经阈值函数映射得到估计系数,最后对所得的估计系数进行逆变换,实现地震数据去噪,有效提高地震数据信噪比。模型和实际数据处理结果表明,Curvelet自适应阈值去噪法较好地压制了噪声的同时保护有效信号,克服了F-X域滤波产生新噪声的缺陷,取得了较好去噪效果。

关键词： Curvelet变换 F-X域滤波阈值去噪信噪比

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