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Viscosity and structure relationship with equimolar substitution of CaO with MgO in the CaO–MgO–Al_(2)O_(3)–SiO_(2)slag melts

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 70-79页

作者： Yong Hou Shuo Zhang Jie Dang Jia Guo Hanghang Zhou Xuewei lü College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chongqing Key laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium Metallurgy and New Materials Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Currently,the Al_(2)O_(3)content in the high-alumina slag systems within blast furnaces is generally limited to 16wt%–18.5wt%,making it challenging to overcome this *** most studies that concentrated on managing the MgO/Al_(2)O_(3)ratio or basicity,this paper explored the effect of equimolar substitution of MgO for CaO on the viscosity and structure of a high-alumina CaO-MgO-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)slag system,providing theoretical guidance and data to facilitate the application of high-alumina *** results revealed that the viscosity first decreased and then increased with higher MgO substitution,reaching a minimum at 15mol%MgO *** transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)results found that the depths of the troughs representing[SiO_(4)]tetrahedra,[AlO_(4)]tetrahedra,and Si-O-Al bending became progressively deeper with increased MgO *** of the Raman spectra showed that the average number of bridging oxygens per Si atom and the X_(Q^(3))/X_(Q^(2))(X_(Q^(i))is the molar fraction of Q^(i) unit,and i is the number of bridging oxygens in a[SiO_(4)]tetrahedral unit)ratio increased from 2.30 and 1.02 to 2.52 and 2.14,respectively,indicating a progressive polymerization of the silicate structure.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)results highlighted that non-bridging oxygen content decreased from 77.97mol% to 63.41mol% with increasing MgO concentration,whereas bridging oxygen and free oxygen contents *** analysis demonstrated a gradual increase in the polymerization degree of the tetrahedral structure with the increase in MgO ***,bond strength is another important factor affecting the slag *** occurrence of a viscosity minimum can be attributed to the complex evolution of bond strengths of non-bridging oxygens generated during depolymerization of the[SiO_(4)]and[AlO_(4)]tetrahedral structures by CaO and MgO.

关键词： aluminosilicate viscosity structure spectroscopy

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Segment routing for traffic engineering and effective recovery in low-earth orbit satellite constellations

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第3期10卷 706-715页

作者： Shengyu Zhang xiaoqian li Kwan lawrence Yeung Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong KongHKSARChina National Key laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan611731China

low-Earth Orbit Satellite Constellations(lEO-SCs)provide global,high-speed,and low latency Internet access services,which bridges the digital divide in the remote *** inter-satellite links are not supported in initial deployment(*** Starlink),the communication between satellites is based on ground stations with radio frequency *** to the rapid movement of satellites,this hybrid topology of lEO-SCs and ground stations is time-varying,which imposes a major challenge to uninterrupted service provisioning and network *** this paper,we focus on solving two notable problems in such a ground station-assisted lEO-SC topology,i.e.,traffic engineering and fast reroute,to guarantee that the packets are forwarded in a balanced and uninterrupted ***,we employ segment routing to support the arbitrary path routing in *** solve the traffic engineering problem,we proposed two source routings with traffic splitting algorithms,Delay-Bounded Traffic Splitting(DBTS)and DBTS+,where DBTS equally splits a flow and DBTS+favors shorter ***-lation results show that DBTS+can achieve about 30%lower maximum satellite load at the cost of about 10%more *** guarantee the fast recovery of failures,two fast reroute mechanisms,loop-Free Alternate(lFA)and lFA+,are studied,where lFA pre-computes an alternate next-hop as a backup while lFA+finds a 2-segment backup *** show that lFA+can increase the percentage of protection coverage by about 15%.

关键词： Fast reroute low-earth orbit satellite constellation Segment routing Traffic engineering Traffic splitting

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Energy-efficient firing modes of chay neuron model in different bursting kinetics

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第8期65卷 1661-1674页

作者： lU lulu YI Ming lIU xiaoqian School of Mathematics and Physics China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

The firing sequence of the neuron system that transmits information consumes a significant amount of energy, but it is unclear how the firing pattern of the neuron system determines its energy efficiency. The mode transformation and energy efficiency in different firing modes are investigated using the Chay neuron model. It has been found that when system parameters are tuned,the neurons show complex bursting kinetics. The period-n bursting state of the neuron carries high amounts of information while consuming less energy per unit of information, resulting in higher energy efficiency. In particular, the mixed discharge state,where the neuron is in several bursting states simultaneously, is more energy efficient, and appropriate electromagnetic inductioncan enhance the neuron's energy efficiency. Furthermore, there are optimal system parameters that maximize the energy efficiency of firing modes, demonstrating that the neuron carries high amounts of information while consuming less energy per unit of information. The study helps to understand the energy mechanism of neural information propagation and provides an insight into the energy efficiency characteristic of neuron systems.

关键词： energy efficiency firing modes bursting kinetics electromagnetic induction

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Analysis and design of parameters in soft docking of micro/small satellites

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2017年第5期60卷 51-64页

作者： Xiang ZHANG Yiyong HUANG xiaoqian CHEN College of Aerospace Science and Engineering National University of Defense Technology

Although substantial research has been conducted on the soft docking problem, the design of the docking mechanism is always conducted using experience. The challenge for conducting factor analysis and design lies in an accurate theoretical model, and the evaluation criteria of a successful docking. In this paper,the soft docking model of micro/small satellites is proposed using an analytical method and validated using a commercial FE package. The evaluation criterion of a successful docking is defined by considering the operational principle of the capturing mechanism used in micro(or small) paired satellites. The effect of the parameters on the soft docking result is discussed and their value domains are designed based on our proposed criteria of a successful docking.

关键词： soft docking micro/small satellite flexible beam analytical method analysis design

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Function-reversible facets enabling SrTiO_(3)nanocrystals for improved photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第1期18卷 101-109页

作者： Bin WANG Bei AN xiaoqian lI Shaohua SHEN School of Physics Key Laboratory for Non-equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter(Ministry of Education)Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Advanced Materials and Mesoscopic PhysicsXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

It has been widely reported that,for faceted nanocrystals,the two adjacent facets with different band levels contribute to promoted charge separation,and provide active sites for photocatalytic reduction and oxidation reaction,*** such cases,only one family of facets can be used for photocatalytic hydrogen ***,by using SrTiO_(3)nanocrystals enclosed by{023}and{001}facets as a model photocatalyst,this paper proposed a strategy to achieve the full-facets-utilization of the nanocrystals for photocatalytic hydrogen via chemically depositing Pt nanoparticles on all *** photo-deposition experiment of CdS provided direct evidence to demonstrate that the{023}facets which were responsible for photooxidation reaction can be function-reversed for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution after depositing Pt nanoparticles,together with the{001}***,the full-facets-utilization led to a much-improved activity for photocatalytic hydrogen,in contrast to those SrTiO_(3)nanocrystals with only{001}facets deposited by Pt nanoparticles via a photo-deposition method.

关键词： SrTiO_(3)nanocrystals crystal facets photocatalysis hydrogen evolution

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On solving multi-commodity flow problems： An experimental evaluation

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2017年第4期30卷 1481-1492页

作者： Weibin DAI Jun ZHANG xiaoqian SUN School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100083 China National Key laboratory of CNS/ATM Beijing 100083 China Beo.ing Key laboratory for Network-based Cooperative ATM Beijing 100083 China

Multi-commodity flow problems（MCFs） can be found in many areas, such as transportation, communication, and logistics. Therefore, such problems have been studied by a multitude of researchers, and a variety of methods have been proposed for solving it. However, most researchers only discuss the properties of different models and algorithms without taking into account the impacts of actual implementation. In fact, the true performance of a method may differ greatly across various implementations. In this paper, several popular optimization solvers for implementations of column generation and lagrangian relaxation are discussed. In order to test scalability and optimality, three groups of networks with different structures are used as case studies. Results show that column generation outperforms lagrangian relaxation in most instances, but the latter is better suited to networks with a large number of commodities.

关键词： Multi-commodity flow problem Column generation lagrangian relaxation Evaluation Implementation

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Robustness analysis metrics for worldwide airport network：A comprehensive study

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2017年第2期30卷 500-512页

作者： Sun xiaoqian Volker Gollnick Sebastian Wandelt School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beihang University 100083 Beijing China Beijing Key laboratory for Network-based Cooperative A TM Beijing 100083 China Beijing laboratory for General Aviation Technology Beijing 100083 China Institute of Air Transportation Systems German Aerospace Center Blohmstrasse 18 21079 Hamburg Germany

Robustness of transportation networks is one of the major challenges of the 21 st *** paper investigates the resilience of global air transportation from a complex network point of view,with focus on attacking strategies in the airport network,i.e.,to remove airports from the system and see what could affect the air traffic system from a passenger＇s ***,we identify commonalities and differences between several robustness measures and attacking strategies,proposing a novel notion of functional robustness：unaffected passengers with *** apply twelve attacking strategies to the worldwide airport network with three weights,and evaluate three robustness *** find that degree and Bonacich based attacks harm passenger weighted network *** evaluation is geared toward a unified view on air transportation network attack and serves as a foundation on how to develop effective mitigation strategies.

关键词： Air transportation systems resilience Airport network Attacking strategy Robustness measure

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Mesoscale structures and mechanisms in ionic liquids

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Particuology 2020年第1期18卷 55-64页

作者： Xiaomin liu xiaoqian Yao Yanlei Wang Suojiang Zhang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071ShandongChina Beijing Key laboratory of Ionic liquids Clean Process State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex SystemsKey Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringInstitute of process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Ionic liquids(Ils)have attracted intensive attention and have been used widely in many applications because of their diversified properties,which are caused by the special structure of the *** clusters are one of the typical structures that exist widely in the Il *** are stable under certain conditions and change under other *** clusters are a typical mesoscale phenomenon in *** this review,we summarize our recent progress related to ionic clusters,including the ionic-cluster structure,changing mechanisms,and their effect on the physicochemical *** cluster investigation based on mesoscience is very important,will provide new insight into the structures and properties of Ils,and will boost further exploration of Il applications.

关键词： Ionic liquid Mesoscale structure Ionic cluster

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Exogeneous metal ions as therapeutic agents in cardiovascular disease and their delivery strategies

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第2期3卷 1-16页

作者： xiaoqian Hong Geer Tian Yang Zhu Tanchen Ren Department of Cardiology of the Second Affliated Hospital and State Key laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310o09China Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310053China MOE Key laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Metal ions participate in many metabolic processes in the human body,and their homeostasis is crucial for *** cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),the equilibriums of metal ions are frequently interrupted,which are related to a variety of disturbances of physiological processes leading to abnormal cardiac *** supplement of metal ions has the potential to work as therapeutic strategies for the treatment of *** with other therapeutic drugs,metal ions possess broad availability,good stability and safety and diverse drug delivery *** delivery strategies of metal ions are important to exert their ther-apeutic effects and reduce the potential toxic side effects for cardiovascular applications,which are also receiving increasing *** local delivery strategies for metal ions based on various biomaterials are constantly being *** this review,we comprehensively summarized the positive roles of metal ions in the treatment of cVDs from three aspects:protecting cells from oxidative stress,inducing angiogenesis,and adjusting the functions of ion *** addition,we introduced the transferability of metal ions in vascular reconstruction and cardiac tissue repair,as well as the currently available engineered strategies for the precise delivery of metal ions,such as integrated with nanoparticles,hydrogels and scaffolds.

关键词： metal ions cardiovascular disease tissue engineering oxidative stress angiogenesis ion channel

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Interior corner flow theory and its application to the satellite propellant management device design

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2011年第7期54卷 1849-1854页

作者： WEI YueXing CHEN xiaoqian HUANG YiYong College of Aerospace and Materials Engineering National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China

The interior comer flow theory is fundamental for liquid management in space. In this paper, the interior comer flow theory is modified by correction of the curvature and shape parameters based on geometry relationship, so that it can be extended to a wide range of applications including different dihedral angles and contact angles. This modification is validated with the data provided by the references using capillary tube and drop tower. Besides, the errors between the theory and experiment value are analyzed for the case of small viscosity and the long-time flow, finding that the main reason causing the error is the transformation of the flow resistance along the flow path. At last, the theory of interior comer flow is applied to the primary design of the Propellant Management Device in satellite tank, and optimum design of the vanes is given in terms of maximum flow rate.

关键词： interior corner flow capillary flow drop tower propellant management device

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