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Field experimental study on the effect of thawed depth of frozen alpine meadow soil on rill erosion by snowmelt waterflow

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 54-63页

作者： Ying Zheng xiaonan shi Fan Zhang Tingwu Lei Chen Zeng Xiong Xiao Li Wang Guanxing Wang State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Resources and Environment(TPESRE)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101China State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China College of Geographic Science Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha410081China

Soil erosion by snow or ice melt waterflow is an important type of soil erosion in many high-altitude and high-latitude regions and is further aggravated by climate warming.The snowmelt waterflow erosion process is affected by soil freeze-thaws and is highly dynamically variable.In this study,a methodology was developed to conduct in situ field experiments to investigate the effects of the thawed depth of the frozen soil profile on snowmelt waterflow erosion.The method was implemented on an alpine meadow soil slope at an altitude of 3700 m on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau.The erosion experiments involved five thawed soil depths of 0,10,30(35),50,and 80(100)mm under two snowmelt waterflow rates(3 and 5 L/min).When the topsoil was fully frozen or shallow-thawed(≤10 mm),its hydrothermal and structural properties caused a significant lag in the initiation of runoff and delayed soil erosion in the initial stage.The runoff and sediment concentration curves for fully frozen and shallow-thawed soil showed two-stage patterns characteristic of a sediment supply limited in the early stage and subject to hydrodynamic-controlled processes in the later stage.However,this effect did not exist where the thawed soil depth was greater than 30 mm.The deep-thawed cases(≥30 mm)showed normal hydrograph and sedigraph patterns similar to those of the unfrozen soil.The findings of this study are important for understanding the erosion rates of partially thawed soil and for improving erosion simulations in cold regions.

关键词： Snowmelt waterflow erosion Hillslope erosion process Soil freeze and thaw Runoff generation In situ experimental method

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Research on the Progress of Treating Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease with Modified Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第3期8卷 1-6页

作者： Haojie Fu Yahui Huang xiaonan shi Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang 712000Shaanxi ProvinceChina

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a high-incidence digestive system disease. Western medicine mainly uses drugs such as proton pump inhibitors to inhibit gastric acid secretion, but some patients are accompanied by symptoms such as non-acid reflux and gas reflux, which cannot effectively treat the disease. It is necessary to actively explore other treatment schemes. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history of research on gastroesophageal reflux disease, which emphasizes the treatment based on syndrome differentiation as a whole. Through the treatment of various and multi-component TCM prescriptions, the patient’s body condition can be adjusted, and the treatment effect on gastroesophageal reflux disease is reliable, which has obvious therapeutic advantages. To further clarify the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease, this study reviewed and analyzed the research progress of the treatment of liver disease with modified prescriptions, and the report is as follows.

关键词： Addition and subtraction of classic TCM prescriptions Gastroesophageal reflux disease Research progress Liver and stomach stagnation heat Qi stagnation and phlegm obstruction

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Palladium-Catalyzed Skeletal Reorganization of Cyclobutanones Invoving Successive C—C Bond/C—H Bond Cleavage

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中国化学:英文版 2023年第14期41卷 1679-1683页

作者： Ruirui Li xiaonan shi Dongbing Zhao State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071 China

The utilization of cyclobutanones as the synthon in transition metal catalysis has been made great success.Because C(carbonyl)−C bond of cyclobutanones can be cleaved through strain release.Despite those advancements,the main catalysts in literature are Rh catalysts or Ni catalysts and the reaction with C—H bond is still underdeveloped.Herein,we realized the first palladium-catalyzed skeletal reorganization of cyclobutanones involving successive cleavage of C(carbonyl)−C bonds and C—H bond cleavage,which constitutes an rapid access to diverse indanones.In contrast to the previous Rh-catalytic system,the Pd-catalytic system herein involves different mechanism and features several advantages:1)no need of directing group to facilitate the C(carbonyl)−C bond cleavage;2)much milder reaction condition and 3)simplified work-up.

关键词： Cyclobutanones C-C activation C-H activation Palladium catalysis Ring expansion

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Runoff and sediment yield in relation to precipitation,temperature and glaciers on the Tibetan Plateau

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2022年第2期10卷 197-207页

作者： Fan Zhang Chen Zeng Guanxing Wang Li Wang xiaonan shi Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101China

The riverine sediment is an essential carrier for nutrients and pollutants delivery and is considered as an important indicator of land degradation and environmental changes.With growing interest in envi-ronmental changes over the Tibetan Plateau,this study investigated mean annual runoff and sediment yield from eight headwater catchments in relation to annual precipitation,air temperature,and glacier area ratio,etc.Results show that runoff(Q)is positively correlated with both precipitation(P)and temperature(T),i.e.,Q¼0.357Pþ20.3T-6.4,indicating combined water supply from rainfall and melt-water,increase of which may exceed the evapotranspiration water loss caused by temperature raise.Sediment yield(S)shows an inverted parabolic relationship with precipitation and at the same time positive correlation with glacier area ratio(Ag),i.e.,S¼0.000609 P2-0.470Pþ48.5 Agþ202.53,indicating that sediment yield is a minimum at about 500e600 mm of precipitation,increasing sharply on both sides of this minimum in one case owing to decreased vegetation protection and in the other to enhanced erosive power and that erosion rate in the glacierized area is generally higher than non-glacierized area.The variation in sediment yield with precipitation can be explained by the operation of two factors,i.e.,rainfall erosive action that increases continuously with increase in precipitation,and vegetation protective action that is unity for zero precipitation and decreases with increases in precip-itation.The above results may be useful in visualizing not only variations in rates of erosion among climatic zones on the Tibetan Plateau but also the probable changes of erosion during a climatic change.

关键词： Alpine catchment Climate condition Glacier erosion Runoff Sediment yield

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Determination and impact factor analysis of hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient within a gravel layer using an electrolyte tracer method

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2016年第2期4卷 87-92页

作者： xiaonan shi Tingwu Lei Yan Yan Fan Zhang State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Water and Soil ConservationChinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water ResourcesYangling712100 ShaanxiPR China Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101PR China College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083PR China HydroChina Kunming Engineering Corporation LTDKunming 650000YunnanPR China

Hydrodynamic dispersion is a measure for describing the process of solute transport in porous media.Characterizing the dispersion of water flow within gravel is essential for the prediction of solute transport especially nonpoint source pollutants migration in alpine watersheds where the land surface is typically covered with gravel.In this study,an integrated model and experimental method using an electrolyte tracer is proposed for determination of the hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient.Two experimental scenarios were designed to measure electrolyte tracer transport processes in both free water flow and gravel layer flow under different slope gradients and transport distances.Subsequently,the measured data were used to simultaneously calculate both the hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient and flow velocity by fitting the experimental data with the mathematical model.Dispersivity,as a critical feature of hydrodynamic dispersion,was determined as well under the two specified scenarios.Finally,the impact mechanisms of the gravel layer and factors related to the dispersion processes were comprehensively analyzed.The results indicate that the presence of a gravel layer significantly reduces flow velocity and the hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient,but increases solute dispersivity.For the flow within gravel layers,with much lower velocity,the positive effect of the gravel layer on dispersivity may be neutralized or even surpassed by the negative effect of flow velocity.The results should be helpful in characterizing the dispersion processes of water flow within gravel layer and hence in predicting solute transport,especially in nonpoint source pollutants migration in alpine watersheds where the land surface is richly covered with gravel.

关键词： Hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient Flow velocity Gravel layer Electrolyte tracer

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Experimental study on the effects of multiple factors on spring meltwater erosion on an alpine meadow slope

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第2期8卷 116-123页

作者： xiaonan shi Fan Zhang Li Wang Muhammad Dodo Jagirani Chen Zeng Xiong Xiao Guanxing Wang Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing100101China CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Meadow degradation provides a major indication of increased soil erosion in alpine regions.Serious soil erosion is observed during the spring in particular because soil thawing coincides with the period of snowmelt and the meadow coverage is very low at this time.Studies relating to soil erosion caused by spring meltwater are,however,limited and controversial.Therefore,a field experimental study was conducted in a typical meadow in the Binggou watershed on the northern edge of the Tibetan Plateau to assess the impact of multiple factors on spring meltwater erosion on an alpine meadow slope.The multiple factors included three flow rates(1,2,and 3 L/min),four slope gradients(10°,15°,20°,and 25°),and three underlying surface conditions(meadow,disturbed meadow,and alluvial soil).An equal volume of concentrated meltwater flow was used in all experiments.The results showed that rapid melting at a high flow rate could accelerate soil erosion;as the flow rate increased from 1 to 3 L/min,the total surface runoff increased by a factor of 0.7 and the total sediment yield increased by more than 6-fold.The in-fluence of the slope gradient on the amount of runoff was positively linear and the influence was relatively low;when the slope increased from 10°to 25°,the total runoff only increased by 16%.However,the slope gradient had a strong impact on soil erosion.The total sediment yield doubled when the slope increased from 10°to 20°and then slightly decreased at 25°.The meadow could effectively reduce soil erosion,although when the meadow was disturbed,the total runoff increased by 60%and the sediment yield by a factor of 1.5.The total runoff from the alluvial soil doubled in comparison to the meadow,while the sediment yield increased nearly 7-fold.The findings of this study could be helpful to understand the characteristics and impact of multiple controlling factors of spring meltwater erosion.It also aims to provide a scientific basis for an improved management of alpine meadows as well as water and soil conservation activiti

关键词： Meltwater erosion Alpine meadow Slope erosion Impact factors

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基于脱细胞方法制备3D植物肝组织工程支架及表征

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中国组织工程研究 2024年第29期28卷 4645-4651页

作者：胡婧婧何松霖张大旭赵烁史潇楠李伟龙叶淑君王静怡郭全义阎丽解放军总医院第二医学中心老年医学科北京市100853 解放军总医院第一医学中心骨科研究所骨科再生医学北京市重点实验室全军骨科战创伤重点实验室北京市100853

背景:组织工程为肝衰竭这一临床困境带来了新的希望,通过简单的制备方法制备植物脱细胞纤维支架对肝脏组织工程具有重要意义。目的:采用新鲜苹果切片和十二烷基硫酸钠溶液制备苹果组织脱细胞支架材料,并评估其生物相容性。方法:将新鲜... 详细信息

背景:组织工程为肝衰竭这一临床困境带来了新的希望,通过简单的制备方法制备植物脱细胞纤维支架对肝脏组织工程具有重要意义。目的:采用新鲜苹果切片和十二烷基硫酸钠溶液制备苹果组织脱细胞支架材料,并评估其生物相容性。方法:将新鲜苹果分别采用磷酸盐缓冲液和十二烷基硫酸钠溶液进行脱细胞处理,然后用磷酸盐缓冲液进行脱毒获得处理后的苹果组织和苹果脱细胞支架材料,然后在扫描电镜下观察苹果材料的脱细胞效果。实验从BALB/C小鼠腹股沟脂肪中提取脂肪干细胞,并且通过流式细胞术鉴定其干细胞相关标记物(CD45,CD34,CD73,CD90,CD105)的表达。然后分为无支架对照组和有支架组,在两组中接种等量脂肪干细胞,通过CCK-8、苏木精-伊红染色、鬼笔环肽骨架染色评价该脱细胞支架与脂肪干细胞的生物相容性,在光学显微镜、扫描电镜下观察细胞在支架上的黏附及生长情况。然后将支架分为非诱导组和成肝诱导组,将脂肪干细胞种植在脱细胞苹果支架上,分别在普通培养基和成肝诱导培养基中培养14 d后进行对比,通过肝细胞标记物(白蛋白、细胞角蛋白18、细胞色素P450家族1亚家族1)进行免疫荧光染色,通过酶联免疫吸附实验来检测白蛋白、甲胎蛋白的分泌情况,并通过扫描电镜观察支架上诱导培养的细胞形态,验证该脱细胞支架材料上肝细胞相关蛋白的表达。最后,实验通过将钴60照射消毒后的苹果脱细胞支架移植于小鼠肝脏表面,28 d后通过大体观及苏木精-伊红染色观察该支架的降解情况。结果与结论:①扫描电镜结果显示,脱细胞后的苹果支架材料具有约100μm大小的孔隙结构,不存在残余细胞。②通过流式细胞学鉴定,提取培养的细胞为脂肪间充质干细胞。③CCK-8结果表明,所制备的苹果组织脱细胞支架材料无细胞毒性;苏木精-伊红染色和鬼笔环肽骨架染色观察到脂肪间充质干细胞能够在苹果组织脱细胞支架上黏附和聚集生长。④免疫荧光染色、酶联免疫吸附实验结果显示,培养在苹果组织脱细胞支架上的脂肪间充质干细胞高表达白蛋白、甲胎蛋白、细胞角蛋白18及细胞色素P450家族1亚家族1肝脏相关蛋白,说明被诱导分化为了具有肝细胞功能的肝细胞样细胞。⑤干预7 d时植入的苹果脱细胞支架与肝脏融合,部分支架已经降解,干预28 d时苹果脱细胞支架已完全降解,被新生组织替代。⑥结果表明,来源于苹果组织制备的脱细胞支架材料具有良好的生物相容性,可促进脂肪间充质干细胞的增殖、黏附及成肝细胞分化。

关键词：植物组织支架脱细胞肝衰竭脂肪间充质干细胞组织工程肝细胞样细胞

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论侵害英雄烈士名誉、荣誉罪的保护法益

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中南大学学报（社会科学版） 2023年第2期29卷 70-82页

作者：李冠煜石晓南华中科技大学法学院湖北武汉430074

关于侵害英雄烈士名誉、荣誉罪的保护法益,目前存在着集体法益和个人法益、单一法益与复合法益之争。英雄烈士的名誉、荣誉同时体现着个人利益和公共利益,但在刑法对其保护路径的选择上,将其定位为个人法益,不具有理论、实践上的妥当性... 详细信息

关于侵害英雄烈士名誉、荣誉罪的保护法益,目前存在着集体法益和个人法益、单一法益与复合法益之争。英雄烈士的名誉、荣誉同时体现着个人利益和公共利益,但在刑法对其保护路径的选择上,将其定位为个人法益,不具有理论、实践上的妥当性。根据法益保护理论,法益一元说显然无法与刑法发挥风险应对、社群整合机能的要求相协调,无助于本罪法益的规范解释。法益二元说承认集体法益与个人自由发展及其基本权利实现的价值关联,但无需还原为个人法益。这一观点用于解释本罪法益更为合理。英雄烈士作为国家历史符号,对其名誉、荣誉的保护,旨在保障国家内部架构条件即公民认同感这一维系国家存立的集体性心理。它有利于强化共同体的价值凝聚力和精神向心力,是保障国家存续的必不可少的心理条件,由此可以证成其属于集体法益。根据二元说的立场,在价值面上,本罪法益与个人自由和人格发展具有关联性,具备立法的正当性;在存在面上,通过犯罪对象的确定和罪量要素的认定,可以为司法识别保护法益提供更加明显的外在标识。

关键词：侵害英雄烈士名誉、荣誉罪集体法益国家内部架构条件国家存立心理条件

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Cell softness reveals tumorigenic potential via ITGB8/AKT/glycolysis signaling in a mice model of orthotopic bladder cancer

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第2期137卷 209-221页

作者： shi Qiu Yaqi Qiu Linghui Deng Ling Nie Liming Ge xiaonan Zheng Di Jin Kun Jin Xianghong Zhou Xingyang Su Boyu Cai Jiakun Li Xiang Tu Lina Gong Liangren Liu Zhenhua Liu Yige Bao Jianzhong Ai Tianhai Lin Lu Yang Qiang Wei Department of Urology Institute of UrologyNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Center of Biomedical Big DataWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Department of Molecular Oncology Institute of Oncology Research(IOR)Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland(IOSI)Bellinzona 6500Switzerland Department of Science and Drug Technology University of TurinTurinItaly National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics The Center of Gerontology and GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610000China Department of Pathology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Department of Pharmaceutics and Bioengineering School of Chemical EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610000China

Background:Bladder cancer,characterized by a high potential of tumor recurrence,has high lifelong monitoring and treatment costs.To date,tumor cells with intrinsic softness have been identified to function as cancer stem cells in several cancer types.Nonetheless,the existence of soft tumor cells in bladder tumors remains elusive.Thus,our study aimed to develop a microbarrier microfluidic chip to efficiently isolate deformable tumor cells from distinct types of bladder cancer cells.Methods:The stiffness of bladder cancer cells was determined by atomic force microscopy(AFM).The modified microfluidic chip was utilized to separate soft cells,and the 3D Matrigel culture system was to maintain the softness of tumor cells.Expression patterns of integrinβ8(ITGB8),protein kinase B(AKT),and mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)were determined by Western blotting.Double immunostaining was conducted to examine the interaction between F-actin and tripartite motif containing 59(TRIM59).The stem-cell-like characteristics of soft cells were explored by colony formation assay and in vivo studies upon xenografted tumor models.Results:Using our newly designed microfluidic approach,we identified a small fraction of soft tumor cells in bladder cancer cells.More importantly,the existence of soft tumor cells was confirmed in clinical human bladder cancer specimens,in which the number of soft tumor cells was associated with tumor relapse.Furthermore,we demonstrated that the biomechanical stimuli arising from 3D Matrigel activated the F-actin/ITGB8/TRIM59/AKT/mTOR/glycolysis pathways to enhance the softness and tumorigenic capacity of tumor cells.Simultaneously,we detected a remarkable up-regulation in ITGB8,TRIM59,and phospho-AKT in clinical bladder recurrent tumors compared with their non-recurrent counterparts.Conclusions:The ITGB8/TRIM59/AKT/mTOR/glycolysis axis plays a crucial role in modulating tumor softness and stemness.Meanwhile,the soft tumor cells become more sensitive to chemotherapy after stiffening,that offers new insights fo

关键词： Soft tumor cells 3D Matrigel Stemness Non-muscle invasive bladder neoplasms Microfluidic analytical techniques

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中马非遗“送王船”交流现状与传承研究

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浙江艺术职业学院学报 2023年第4期21卷 138-144页

作者：施晓楠陕西师范大学音乐学院西安710119

跨境民族的文化在历史演变过程中虽各具特色却又同根同源,其中不免有共同流传的文化。非物质文化遗产一直是世界范围内各国共同的关注点,但非遗的保护和申报工作不应局限于单个国家,文化共同体意识带来长期发展。2020年中国与马来西亚... 详细信息

跨境民族的文化在历史演变过程中虽各具特色却又同根同源,其中不免有共同流传的文化。非物质文化遗产一直是世界范围内各国共同的关注点,但非遗的保护和申报工作不应局限于单个国家,文化共同体意识带来长期发展。2020年中国与马来西亚联合申遗成功的世界非物质文化遗产“送王船”的相关历史、仪式程序和艺阵研究,有力地表现了共有非遗的现状和价值。这为共有非遗的传承发展可行性路径提供了从外核到内核的传承新视角和三点具体的发展新参考。

关键词：中国东盟世界非物质文化遗产送王船

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