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Convenient Self-Heating Instant Food Causes Significant Increasing Human Exposure to Organophosphate Esters

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Environment & Health 2024年第1期2卷 52-61页

作者： xiaomin Li Yuhan Yin wei Zhou Hongting Li Boyuan Hu Yajing Cui Ruoxian Zhou Peilong w.ng Jianjie Fu Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Beijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China School of Environment Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China

The self-heating lunch box(SHLB)is a kind of popular instant food in China,yet little is known about the associated chemical release risk during its heating *** this study,we investigated organophosphate esters(OPEs)in original unheated food(UF),SHLB-heated processed food(HF)and potential OPE release from SHLB packaging *** higher concentrations of OPEs were observed in HF(267±246 ng/g dry weight(dw))than in UF(163±211 ng/g dw)(png an introduction of additional OPEs during heating ***(2-chloroethyl)phosphate,triethyl phosphate,and tris(2-chloroisopropyl)phosphate exhibited the highest absolute increased amounts,with 137,48.8,and 149%growth in HF than in UF,*** testing revealed that packaging materials were rich in OPEs and can release considerable OPEs into food simulates(range,14.7-90.8 ng/g;mean,47.9±21.8).Influencing factors(temperature,contact time,oily food)on OPE migration from packaging materials to food were *** temperature and longer contact time increased OPE contents in food ***,the presence of abundant OPEs in UF and significant correlations among different OPEs(png food processing and *** one SHLB meal a day,a 12-fold increase of OPE intake was observed for humans compared to those follow.ng a traditional dietary *** the high-exposure(95th percentile)scenario,hazard quotients of nine OPEs ranged from 0.00005 to *** results suggested that the SHLB exposure pathway of OPEs should be particularly paid attention to in specific subpopulations that prefer this dietary habit.

关键词： Organophosphate esters Self-heating lunch box Migration influencing factors Human exposure

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青藏高原隆升阶段性

科技导报 2017年第6期35卷 42-50页

作者：方小敏中国科学院青藏高原研究所中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心北京100101

青藏高原的隆升不仅是印度板块与亚洲板块碰撞导致的地球内部岩石圈地球动力学作用过程的结果,并且对全球和亚洲气候变化、亚洲地貌和地表环境过程及大量地内和地表矿产资源的形成分布产生了深刻影响。因而研究高原隆升的历史不仅对解... 详细信息

青藏高原的隆升不仅是印度板块与亚洲板块碰撞导致的地球内部岩石圈地球动力学作用过程的结果,并且对全球和亚洲气候变化、亚洲地貌和地表环境过程及大量地内和地表矿产资源的形成分布产生了深刻影响。因而研究高原隆升的历史不仅对解决上述重大科学问题提供重要途径,而且可为高原区域资源环境的开发和可持续发展提供理论依据。简要回顾和梳理了国内外近年来,围绕青藏高原隆升所取得的主要进展。研究表明新生代青藏高原经历了多阶段、多幕次、准同步异幅且高原南北后期加速隆升的演化过程。具体可划分为55~30、25~10及8~0 Ma 3个主要生长隆升期次。其中55~30 Ma的高原早期隆升,主要集中在高原中南部的拉萨地块和羌塘地块,并且可能隆升到接近3 km高度,或甚至更高,有人称之为"原西藏高原",但其周缘存在准同步异幅的变形隆升响应;25~10 Ma的中期隆升,"原西藏高原"南北缘的喜马拉雅山和可可西里—昆仑山开始强烈隆升,"原西藏高原"率先隆升到目前高度并开始向东西两侧挤出物质、拉张形成南北向裂谷,高原北缘普遍产生广泛变形隆升但幅度有限;从约8 Ma开始的晚期隆升,高原南、北部边缘的喜马拉雅山和昆仑山—西秦岭以北的高原东北部隆升显著加速,经历一系列短暂快速的多幕次构造变形和生长隆升,最终形成现今高原面貌。

关键词：青藏高原隆升阶段性

覆膜和灌水量对农田水热动态和制种玉米生长的影响

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农业机械学报 2018年第8期49卷 275-284页

作者：赵引毛晓敏段萌中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院北京100083

覆膜和节水灌溉是我国西北旱区应对水资源短缺、提高作物水分生产率的主要措施。为了探索覆膜与灌溉制度对农田水热和制种玉米生长的综合影响,揭示农田耗水及水分利用效率的变化规律,于2017年在中国农业大学石羊河流域农业与生态节水试... 详细信息

覆膜和节水灌溉是我国西北旱区应对水资源短缺、提高作物水分生产率的主要措施。为了探索覆膜与灌溉制度对农田水热和制种玉米生长的综合影响,揭示农田耗水及水分利用效率的变化规律,于2017年在中国农业大学石羊河流域农业与生态节水试验站进行了制种玉米田间试验,设置覆膜与水分2个控制因素,覆膜分别为完全覆膜(M1)与不覆膜(M0)2个水平,水分设置w1、w2、w3、w4和w5 5个水平,分别为当地传统灌溉定额的100%、85%、70%、55%和40%,灌水方式为滴灌,共10个处理。结果表明:相同灌水条件下覆膜相对于不覆膜处理,可减少棵间蒸发,增高生育前期土壤温度,使株高和叶面积指数的增长速率高于不覆膜,提前7~10 d达峰值,增产达6.5%~44.6%,水分利用效率提高16.9%~50.4%。但覆膜可阻滞降雨入渗,以单次典型降雨32.4 mm为例,覆膜较不覆膜降雨入渗百分比降低22.4%。相同覆膜条件下,土壤贮水消耗量随着灌水量的减少而增多,因此土壤贮水量随着灌水量的增加而增加。灌水量越多,制种玉米株高、叶面积指数和最终干物质累积量越高,而水分利用效率则越低。覆膜条件下,w1处理产量最高,w3次之,且两者之间无显著性差异,水分利用效率则为w5处理最高,w3次之。M1w3处理可以在保证较高产量的同时,水分利用效率较MIw1提高17.6%。综上,在当地制种玉米生产中,虽然覆膜可能减少地表降水入渗,但可以使生育期提前、减少棵间蒸发,对于节水增产有一定的促进作用。

关键词：制种玉米覆膜滴灌水热水分利用效率

源储被泥岩盖层分隔型油源断裂厘定方法及其应用

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大庆石油地质与开发 2020年第5期39卷 34-39页

作者：李晓敏大庆油田有限责任公司第八采油厂黑龙江大庆163514

为了研究含油气盆地源储被泥岩盖层分隔型下生上储式油气分布规律,在源储被泥岩盖层分隔型油源断裂类型及其特征研究的基础上,通过断裂断穿层位拆分、源岩供烃区确定、油气成藏期确定和泥岩盖层不封闭区预测,将四者综合建立了一套源储... 详细信息

为了研究含油气盆地源储被泥岩盖层分隔型下生上储式油气分布规律,在源储被泥岩盖层分隔型油源断裂类型及其特征研究的基础上,通过断裂断穿层位拆分、源岩供烃区确定、油气成藏期确定和泥岩盖层不封闭区预测,将四者综合建立了一套源储被泥岩盖层分隔型油源断裂厘定方法,并将其应用于渤海湾盆地冀中坳陷饶阳凹陷留楚地区沙一段源岩和东一段及馆陶组储层被东一、二段泥岩盖层分隔型油源断裂厘定中。结果表明:留楚地区沙一段源岩和东一段及馆陶组储层被东一、二段泥岩盖层分隔型油源断裂仅分布在北部留楚背斜核部以及南部、西部局部地区,其附近有利于东一段和馆陶组油气聚集成藏,与目前东一段和馆陶组已发现的油气主要分布在北部留楚背斜核部(南部、西部无油气,是因为其无圈闭)相吻合。该方法用于厘定源储被泥岩盖层分隔型油源断裂是可行的。

关键词：源储分隔泥岩盖层油源断裂厘定方法渤海湾盆地

Structural insights into the distinct protective mechanisms of human antibodies targeting ZIKV NS1

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hLife 2024年第10期2卷 527-541页

作者： Qi Pan xiaomin Xing Jianhai Yu Qiang Chen Haizhan Jiao wanqin Zhang Yingfen wen Ming Gao wei Zhao Lei Yu Hongli Hu Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery School of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdongChina Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdongChina BSL-3 Laboratory(Guangdong) Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease ResearchSchool of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangdongChina

Antibodies targeting non-structural protein 1(NS1)confer protection against Zika virus(ZIKV).Although monoclonal an-tibodies(MAbs)3G2 and 4B8 are more potent than MAb 4F10 in suppressing ZIKV infection in neonatal mice models,the epitopes are ***,we determined the Cryo-electron microscopy(Cryo-EM)structures of ZIKV NS1 in com-plex withﬁve human antibodies at 2.6–2.9Å*** I antibodies(3G2 and 4B8)recognize the previously un-reported epitopes on the outer surface of the NS1 *** unique binding mode of Group I antibodies led to a stronger recognition of the cell surface form of NS1 and completely inhibited secreted form non-structural protein 1(sNS1)-induced endothelial permeability via their immunoglobulin G(IgG)and *** II antibodies(4F10,2E11,and 14G5)recognize common epitopes in the distal end of the b-ladder domain,with a blockade efﬁciency that may be related to their afﬁnity for the sNS1 protein and the presence of full-length ***ﬁndings elucidate the correlation between epitope recognition and protective efﬁcacy of anti-NS1 antibodies and highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of 3G2 and 4B8.

关键词： Zika virus(ZIKV) non-structural protein 1(NS1) monoclonal antibodies(MAbs) epitopes

Large Room-Temperature Magnetoresistance in van der waals Ferromagnet/Semiconductor Junctions

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Chinese Physics Letters 2022年第12期39卷 99-103页

作者： wenkai Zhu Shihong Xie Hailong Lin Gaojie Zhang Hao wu Tiangui Hu Ziao w.ng xiaomin Zhang Jiahan Xu Yujing w.ng Yuanhui Zheng Faguang Yan Jing Zhang Lixia Zhao Amalia Patanè Jia Zhang Haixin Chang Kaiyou w.ng State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Physics and Astronomy University of NottinghamNottingham NG72RDUnited Kingdom Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mold TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

A magnetic tunnel junction(MTJ)is the core component in memory technologies,such as the magnetic random-access memory,magnetic sensors and programmable logic *** particular,MTJs based on twodimensional van der waals(vd w)heterostructures offer unprecedented opportunities for low power consumption and miniaturization of spintronic ***,their operation at room temperature remains a ***,we report a large tunnel magnetoresistance(TMR)of up to 85%at room temperature(T=300 K)in vdw MTJs based on a thin(wSe_(2)layer embedded between two Fe_(3)GaTe_(2e)lectrodes with intrinsic above-room-temperature *** TMR in the MTJ increases with decreasing temperature up to 164%at T=10 *** demonstration of TMR in ultra-thin MTJs at room temperature opens a realistic and promising route for next-generation spintronic applications beyond the current state of the art.

关键词： resistance spacer tunnel

Spatial Distribution and Tectonic Evolution of Ultrahigh-P(UHP) and High-P(HP) Metamorphic Belts in Central and Eastern China

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资源环境与工程 2016年第B4期30卷 76-88页

作者： J.G.Liou w.G.Ernst xiaomin w.ng Ruyuan ZHAng E.Eide Jun LIU S.Maruyama Leslie Ames Gaozhi ZHOU Yuanjun LIU Stanford University Standford California 94305 Tokyo University Komaba 153 - 8902 University of California Senta Barbara 93106 Hubei Bureau Geol. Mineral. Resource WuhanHubei 430022

In the Triassic suture between the Sino-Korean and Yangtze cratons,the Qinling-Dabie metamorphic complex includes three tectonic units: a northern migmatitic terrane（ P < 20 kb）,a central UHP coesite- and diamondbea... 详细信息

In the Triassic suture between the Sino-Korean and Yangtze cratons,the Qinling-Dabie metamorphic complex includes three tectonic units: a northern migmatitic terrane（ P ng eclogite belt（20;40 kb）,and a southern HP blueschist-eclogite belt（5;12 kb）. Protoliths include continental basement of late Archean to Proterozoic granitic gneiss complexes,and mid-to late Proterozoic bimodal volcanics,platform carbonates,and turbidite sequences including peraluminous sediments. Some early Paleozoic rocks are included as protoliths in the HP belt. The metamorphic complex is segmented into several large blocks by NE-Sw trending faults. Three（ Dabie,Hongan and wudan） occur in central China,and an eastern extension,the Su-Lu block is displaced to the north by the Tanlu fault. The UHP rocks are best exposed in the Dabie and Su-Lu blocks,whereas HP blueschists occur throughout the Hongan and wudan blocks. widespread occurrence of conjugate faults in the metamorphic complex suggests differential doming after tectonic juxtaposition of the UHP and HP units at shallow crustal levels. Eclogites of the UHP belt occur as blocks in ultramafic rocks,marble and gneiss and as thin layers interbedded with gneiss; some contain coesite and coesite pseudomorphs in garnet,omphacite,kyanite and epidote. Microdiamond inclusions in garnet have been reported. C-type glaucophane-bearing eclogites are restricted to the Hongan HP belt and contain paragonite instead of kyanite. The coherent HP terrane displays progressive zonation from transitional blueschist / greenschist,through greenschist and epidote amphibolite to eclogite assemblages. The UHP and HP belts possess similar metamorphic trends,deformation features and record clockwise P-T paths. Disposition of the UHP belt to the north of the HP belt,the northward increase in metamorphic grade,and the southward vergence of structures suggest formation during northward underflow of a microcontinent beneath the

关键词： UHP Spatial Distribution and Tectonic Evolution of Ultrahigh-P and High-P HP Metamorphic Belts in Central and Eastern China

Immobilizing sulfur in high-density 3D graphene gel for high-performance lithium/sulfur battery

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Immobilizing sulfur in high-density 3D graphene gel for high...

覆膜和水分亏缺对春小麦光合特性影响及模型比较

第一届全国储能科学与技术大会

作者： LI Hongfei w.ng xiaomin ZHAng Yuegang YAng Xiaowei i-LAB Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Department of Materials Engineering Monash University ClaytonVIC 3800Australia

Rechargeable lithium/sulfur(Li/S) batteries have attracted great interest in recent years,since sulfur is a promising cathode material with high theoretical specific capacity(1675 mA-h/g) and energy density(2600w-h/kg),low cost as well as natural abundance in ***,there are still some challenges for the application of Li/S batteries,such as the diffusion of lithium polysulfides,volume/morphology changes of sulfur electrode during cycling and the poor electronic conductivity of sulfur,thus leading to low specific capacity and short cycle ***-dimensional(3D) graphene was widely used to address these problems through its unique frameworks,which not only increases the conductivity of sulfur,but also confines sulfur and polysulfides into pore ***,the micron-sized internal void space could minimize polysulfide dissolution and shuttling just at a certain extent,which couldn’t meet the requirements for high-performance Li/S *** this work,we improve the electrochemical performance of Li/S battery by immobilizing sulfur in high-density 3D graphene *** oven-drying,the volume of sulfur-graphene(S-G) hydrogel could be compressed by more than seven times and accordingly,the pores are shrinked and show a high packing density,as shown in ***,uniform sulfur thin film on graphene nanosheets surface are achieved by a low temperature interfacial *** and TEM measurements show that the microstructure of these 3D graphene gels constitutes sulfur nanoparticles homogenously distributed on the graphene *** thinner,more homogeneous sulfur film could facilitate the higher utilization and faster kinetics of insulated ***,CV scannings and galvanostatic charge-discharge experiments were conducted to investigate the electrochemical performance and the lithium-ion storage *** shown in Fig.3,with the assistance of sulfur well trapped in densified graphene framework after oven-drying,the sulfur cathode exhibits hi

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农业机械学报 2018年第1期49卷 219-227页

作者：段萌杨伟才毛晓敏中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院北京100083

为揭示西北干旱地区覆膜条件下水分亏缺对春小麦光合生理特征的影响及光响应模型的适用性,以春小麦为试验材料,分别设置充分灌溉不覆膜(w1M0)、充分灌溉覆膜(w1M1)、亏缺灌溉不覆膜(w2M0)和亏缺灌溉覆膜(w2M1)4个处理,测定春小麦灌浆期... 详细信息

为揭示西北干旱地区覆膜条件下水分亏缺对春小麦光合生理特征的影响及光响应模型的适用性,以春小麦为试验材料,分别设置充分灌溉不覆膜(w1M0)、充分灌溉覆膜(w1M1)、亏缺灌溉不覆膜(w2M0)和亏缺灌溉覆膜(w2M1)4个处理,测定春小麦灌浆期的光响应曲线,通过对5种常用的光响应模型进行分析比较,探讨覆膜条件下水分亏缺对春小麦光合特性的影响并对光响应模型的适用性进行评价。结果表明,水分亏缺会降低春小麦叶片的最大净光合速率(Pmax)、表观量子效率(AQY)、暗呼吸速率(Rd),而光补偿点(LCP)升高。而在水分亏缺条件下覆膜处理能够有效减缓春小麦光合速率的下降,同时提高了春小麦叶片的最大净光合速率(Pmax)、表观量子效率(AQY)、暗呼吸速率(Rd)等表征春小麦光合特性的生理指标。其中,5种模型的模拟效果在w2M0处理下具有明显差别,只有叶子飘模型拟合值与实测值最为相符,尤其在高光强条件下拟合效果更为贴切,决定系数(R2)大于0.9;而直角双曲线模型、非直角双曲线模型、指数模型和动力学模型拟合效果较差,在高光强条件下光合速率仍然是增加的,并未下降,R2只有0.7左右;叶子飘模型在不覆膜亏水条件下适用性较好。从决定系数的均值比较来看,对于4个处理拟合效果优劣排序为叶子飘模型、指数模型、非直角双曲线模型、直角双曲线模型和动力学模型。

关键词：春小麦覆膜水分亏缺光合特征光响应曲线光响应模型