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Ethical and policy considerations for organ trafficking and transplant tourism:Based on the UK's first international case of human trafficking for the purpose of organ removal

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Health Care Science

Health Care Science 2023年第5期2卷 339-344页

作者： Lanyi Yu xiaomei zhai School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Center for Bioethics Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

This study examines the UK's May 2023 judgment in an international organ trafficking and organ tourism *** trafficking for organ removal is one of the least understood but growing forms of trafficking *** in the Middle East,Asia,and the Americas are often widely criticized by the international transplant community as sites for organ ***,we believe that when discussing this issue,it is not just these areas that need to be *** is particularly special is that this case not only involves transnational human trafficking,organ trafficking,and illegal organ transplantation interest chains but also involves the participation of national political officials and complex social and humanistic *** article focuses on the current ethical and policy issues involved in organ transplant tourism and organ trafficking and analyzes the implications of this case for our country's donation and transplantation work.

关键词： tourism transplantation ethics financial incentives policy organ trafficking

Social acceptance for commercialization of genetically modified food animals

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National Science Review 2021年第8期8卷 136-137页

作者： Ziyao Fan Yulian Mu Tad Sonstegard xiaomei zhai Kui Li Perry B.Hackett Zuoyan Zhu Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Institute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Center for Bioethics Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College School of Population Medicine and Public Health Peking Union Medical College Center for Genome Engineering Department of Genetics Cell Biology and Development University of Minnesota State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Since late 2020, China and the United States, the world’s two largest economies,have embarked on regulatory reforms to boost the regulatory development of genetically modified food animals(GMFAs). The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China issued a circular to encourage original innovation of agriculturally important,

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Chinese academic community speaks out on He Jiankui again:Consensus statement on the challenges and responses of science and technology ethics governance

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Health Care Science 2023年第2期2卷 79-81页

作者： xiaomei zhai Center for Bioethics Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina School of Population Medicine and Public Health Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

At the end of 2019,He Jiankui was sentenced to 3 years in prison for“illegal medical practices”.The Ministry of Science and Technology and the National Health Commission of *** have banned him from engaging in any work related to reproductive science such as in vitro fertilization,and prohibited him from conducting further research in genetic *** November 24,2022,He Jiankui announced on his personal Weibo account for the establishment of the He Jiankui Laboratory in Beijing's Daxing district,and extensively promoted his rare disease research plan through social media and the press,calling it a“new starting point,a new journey”.

关键词： statement speak starting

Consent: Tension between International Guidelines *** Culture

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Consent: Tension between International Guidelines *** Cultur...

Construction and identification of an RNA interference lentivirus vector targeting the Ras homology C gene of melanoma cells

The Future of Consent Beijing Workshop

作者： zhai xiaomei

Consent can be defined as the acceptance of her/his physician suggested therapeutic option or investigator’s invitation to participate into human research by an individual patient or candidate of human subject (healt...

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Chinese Medical Journal 2014年第7期127卷 1339-1343页

作者： Wang Qiying Wang Ximei zhai xiaomei Zhang Jianwen Chen Minjing Liu Linbo Department of Plastic Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan 450052 China

Background Melanoma has the highest mortality among all superficial malignant *** poor prognosis is due to its high metastasis rate and the lack of therapeutic *** a molecular switch that controls tumor metastasis,Ras homology C （RhoC） has been correlated with tumor progression,especially tumor invasion and ***,little research has been done about the effects of RNA interference （RNAi） targeting RhoC on the invasion and metastasis of *** this study,we constructed an RNAi lentivirus vector targeting the RhoC gene of melanoma cells and identified its silencing effects on the RhoC *** Based on the RhoC gene encoding information,three pGPU6/GFP/Neo-short hairpin （shRNA） plasmids were *** detecting their silencing effects on the RhoC gene of A375 cells,the most effective pGPU6/GFP/ Neo-shRNA plasmid was packed with lentivirus to construct the recombinant pLenti6.3-EGFP-453 targeting *** lentivirus vector was used to infect A375 cells,and then the expression of RhoC mRNA and protein were determined with real-time PCR and Western *** The plasmids pGPU6/GFP/Neo-shRNA 336,pGPU6/GFP/Neo-shRNA 453,and pGPU6/GFP/Neo-shRNA 680 were *** they were transfected into A375 cells,the expressions of RhoC mRNA and protein were 1.47±0.26,1.13±0.16,1.39±0.11 and 70.98±9.21,50.67±6.06,65.77±4.06,***6/GFP/Neo-shRNA 453 was the most effective sequence,and was used to successfully construct the pLenti6.3-EGFP-453 lentiviral vector targeting ***6.3-EGFP-453 was used to infect A375 *** expression of RhoC mRNA and protein were 1.05±0.05 and 62.04±15.86 in the lentivirus group,4.21±0.24 and 220.86±24.07 in the negative lentivirus control group,and 4.63±0.32 and 257.39±12.30 in the normal control group respectively with the difference between the lentivirus group and the control groups being statistically significant （P ＜0.05）.Conclusion The successfully constructed pLenti6.3-EGFP-

关键词： human melanoma cell Ras homology C RNA interference lentivirus vector

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激励制度在公民逝世后器官捐献中的伦理分析

器官移植 2024年第1期15卷 118-124页

作者：冯龙飞翟晓梅宜春学院美容医学院江西宜春336000 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院群医学及公共卫生学院

器官移植在重建健康、挽救生命的卓越成效表明了其重大价值所在,其中器官捐献是促进我国器官移植事业发展的重要组成部分。近年来,我国器官移植取得了重大进展,器官捐献率也逐年上升。尽管如此,我国依然面临捐献器官数量不足的严峻事实... 详细信息

器官移植在重建健康、挽救生命的卓越成效表明了其重大价值所在,其中器官捐献是促进我国器官移植事业发展的重要组成部分。近年来,我国器官移植取得了重大进展,器官捐献率也逐年上升。尽管如此,我国依然面临捐献器官数量不足的严峻事实,破解这个难题需要医学科学技术和公共卫生政策进一步完善。根据国际经验,实施一定的激励制度可以有效地提高捐献率,但是激励制度本身隐藏的伦理特性似乎与器官捐献事业中的利他精神有着根本性的冲突。因此,本文从激励的性质、器官捐献与激励制度以及激励制度的伦理论证进行综述,以期为我国官捐献和移植事业的进一步发展提供参考。

关键词：器官捐献器官移植激励制度伦理论证经济激励非经济激励利他精神丧葬费

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Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤组织中神经纤维素、Ras-p21蛋白的表达

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郑州大学学报（医学版） 2008年第2期43卷 338-339页

作者：王伟翟晓梅郑州大学第一附属医院整形外科郑州450052

目的:探讨Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤病(NF1)、孤立性神经纤维瘤患者瘤组织中神经纤维素、Ras-p21表达情况。方法:应用Western blot检测19例NF1、16例孤立性神经纤维瘤瘤组织及11例正常神经组织中神经纤维素、Ras-p21的表达。结果:NF1瘤组织中神经... 详细信息

目的:探讨Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤病(NF1)、孤立性神经纤维瘤患者瘤组织中神经纤维素、Ras-p21表达情况。方法:应用Western blot检测19例NF1、16例孤立性神经纤维瘤瘤组织及11例正常神经组织中神经纤维素、Ras-p21的表达。结果:NF1瘤组织中神经纤维素的表达水平低于孤立性神经纤维瘤瘤组织及正常神经组织,Ras-p21的表达水平高于孤立性神经纤维瘤瘤组织及正常神经组织(P均0.05)。结论:NF1的发病可能与NF1基因突变引起神经纤维素缺失、导致其对Ras-p21的抑制作用减弱或缺失有关。病变组织中神经纤维素的检测可能有助于NF1的诊断和与孤立性神经纤维瘤的鉴别诊断。

关键词： Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤病孤立性神经纤维瘤神经纤维素 Ras-p21

艾滋病非刑罪化视阈下我国防控策略的伦理思考

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医学与哲学 2024年第1期45卷 56-60页

作者：于兰亦翟晓梅中国医学科学院/北京协和医学院群医学及公共卫生学院北京100730

审视我国现有法规对艾滋病防控的影响,剖析其在维护个体权益与促进公共卫生平衡中的挑战,以实证案例和艾滋病悖论为切入点,分析艾滋病刑事定罪涉及的伦理问题,提出科学、伦理和法律方面的应对策略。强调将艾滋病病毒传播作为一个公共卫... 详细信息

审视我国现有法规对艾滋病防控的影响,剖析其在维护个体权益与促进公共卫生平衡中的挑战,以实证案例和艾滋病悖论为切入点,分析艾滋病刑事定罪涉及的伦理问题,提出科学、伦理和法律方面的应对策略。强调将艾滋病病毒传播作为一个公共卫生问题加以解决是最为有效的手段。在法规制定和司法实践中,应纳入科学事实和医学证据,避免过于宽泛的刑事定罪。在决策过程中,应全面考量生命伦理学原则,最大限度避免可能的交叉歧视、多重污名以及暴力伤害。此外,还应重视公共卫生视角下的补充或替代方案,确保干预措施积极有效。

关键词：人类免疫缺陷病毒艾滋病悖论刑事定罪公共卫生

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胰高血糖素样肽-1减肥应用的伦理探讨

医学与哲学 2024年第9期45卷 16-19页

作者：程欣瑞翟晓梅中国医学科学院/北京协和医学院群医学及公共卫生学院北京100730

针对胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂类药物在治疗肥胖方面的医学价值和潜在滥用的现实情况,深入探讨了该类药物在非糖尿病肥胖治疗中的超适应证应用及其伦理问题,包括医疗资源的合理分配、患者知情同意的重要性以及社会审美标准对医疗决策... 详细信息

针对胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂类药物在治疗肥胖方面的医学价值和潜在滥用的现实情况,深入探讨了该类药物在非糖尿病肥胖治疗中的超适应证应用及其伦理问题,包括医疗资源的合理分配、患者知情同意的重要性以及社会审美标准对医疗决策的影响。并针对上述伦理问题,提出了包括加强药物处方规范、提高公众药物知识、确保患者知情同意等建议。旨在促进胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂类药物在肥胖治疗中的合理及伦理使用,保障医疗伦理和患者安全。

关键词：胰高血糖素样肽-1 受体激动剂超适应证用药减肥伦理分析