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Metal–Organic Gel Leading to Customized Magnetic‑Coupling Engineering in Carbon Aerogels for Excellent Radar Stealth and Thermal Insulation Performances

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 36-52页

作者： Xin Li Ruizhe Hu Zhiqiang Xiong Dan Wang Zhixia Zhang Chongbo Liu xiaojun Zeng Dezhi Chen Renchao Che Xuliang nie Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle Nanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063People’s Republic of China School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Nanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063People’s Republic of China Laboratory of Advanced Materials Department of Materials Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsFudan UniversityShanghai 200438People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Jingdezhen Ceramic UniversityJingdezhen 333403People’s Republic of China College of Chemistry and Materials Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045People’s Republic of China

Metal–organic gel(MOG)derived composites are promising multi-functional materials due to their alterable composition,identifiable chemical homogeneity,tunable shape,and porous structure.Herein,stable metal–organic hydrogels are prepared by regulating the complexation effect,solution polarity and curing speed.Meanwhile,collagen peptide is used to facilitate the fabrication of a porous aerogel with excellent physical properties as well as the homogeneous dispersion of magnetic particles during calcination.Subsequently,two kinds of heterometallic magnetic coupling systems are obtained through the application of Kirkendall effect.FeCo/nitrogen-doped carbon(NC)aerogel demonstrates an ultra-strong microwave absorption of−85 dB at an ultra-low loading of 5%.After reducing the time taken by atom shifting,a FeCo/Fe3O4/NC aerogel containing virus-shaped particles is obtained,which achieves an ultra-broad absorption of 7.44 GHz at an ultra-thin thickness of 1.59 mm due to the coupling effect offered by dual-soft-magnetic particles.Furthermore,both aerogels show excellent thermal insulation property,and their outstanding radar stealth performances in J-20 aircraft are confirmed by computer simulation technology.The formation mechanism of MOG is also discussed along with the thermal insulation and electromagnetic wave absorption mechanism of the aerogels,which will enable the development and application of novel and lightweight stealth coatings.

关键词： Metal-organic gels Heterometallic magnetic coupling Radar stealth Thermal insulation Computer simulation technology

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Wheat adaptation to environmental stresses under climate change:Molecular basis and genetic improvement

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Molecular Plant 2023年第10期16卷 1564-1589页

作者： Hude Mao Cong Jiang Chunlei Tang xiaojun nie Linying Du Yuling Liu Peng Cheng Yunfeng Wu Huiquan Liu Zhensheng Kang Xiaojie Wang State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Science Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China

Wheat(Triticum aestivum)is a staple food for about 40%of the world’s population.As the global population has grown and living standards improved,high yield and improved nutritional quality have become the main targets for wheat breeding.However,wheat production has been compromised by global warming through the more frequent occurrence of extreme temperature events,which have increased water scarcity,aggravated soil salinization,caused plants to be more vulnerable to diseases,and directly reduced plant fertility and suppressed yield.One promising option to address these challenges is the genetic improvement of wheat for enhanced resistance to environmental stress.Several decades of progress in genomics and genetic engineering has tremendously advanced our understanding of the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying abiotic and biotic stress responses in wheat.These advances have heralded what might be considered a“golden age”of functional genomics for the genetic improvement of wheat.Here,we summarize the current knowledge on the molecular and genetic basis of wheat resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses,including the QTLs/genes involved,their functional and regulatory mechanisms,and strategies for genetic modification of wheat for improved stress resistance.In addition,we also provide perspectives on some key challenges that need to be addressed.

关键词： wheat genomics genetic improvement abiotic stress biotic stress climate change

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新课标艺术课程综合化的学理逻辑与实践向度——基于芬兰现象式学习视角

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全球教育展望 2024年第1期53卷 125-138页

作者：毕小君聂磊西南大学教师教育学院重庆400715 西南大学美育研究院重庆400715

《义务教育艺术课程标准(2022年版)》进一步强调艺术课程综合化,指向人才培养的全面性和综合性。艺术课程综合化是艺术教育变革的时代选择,但其“凭何综”“如何综”仍是亟待解决的重点、难点。现象式学习是芬兰提出的一种教学体系,更... 详细信息

《义务教育艺术课程标准(2022年版)》进一步强调艺术课程综合化,指向人才培养的全面性和综合性。艺术课程综合化是艺术教育变革的时代选择,但其“凭何综”“如何综”仍是亟待解决的重点、难点。现象式学习是芬兰提出的一种教学体系,更是一种育人理念,可为艺术课程综合化的理论优化与实施提供借鉴。本研究回归现象本身,分析现象式学习与艺术课程综合化的理论契合与价值融通,厘清艺术课程综合化的学理逻辑。基于现象式学习,从“解构艺术现象”“注重艺术理性”“开展学科实践”等方面优化艺术课程实践理念,通过“拓展情境外延”“加强协同合作”“优化评价环节”改善艺术教学实践方式,探索艺术课程综合化的实践向度。

关键词：新课程标准艺术课程综合现象式学习课程综合化跨学科

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Circuit-Specific Control of Blood Pressure by PNMT‑Expressing Nucleus Tractus Solitarii Neurons

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神经科学通报:英文版 2023年第8期39卷 1193-1209页

作者： Shirui Jun Xianhong Ou Luo Shi Hongxiao Yu Tianjiao Deng Jinting Chen xiaojun nie Yinchao Hao Yishuo Shi Wei Liu Yanming Tian Sheng Wang Fang Yuan Department of Neurobiology Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050017China Institute of Cardiovascular Research Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000China Core Facilities and Centers Institute of Medicine and HealthHebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050017China Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology Shijiazhuang 050017China

The nucleus tractus solitarii(NTS)is one of the morphologically and functionally defined centers that engage in the autonomic regulation of cardiovascular activity.Phenotypically-characterized NTS neurons have been implicated in the differential regulation of blood pressure(BP).Here,we investigated whether phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase(PNMT)-expressing NTS(NTS^(PNMT))neurons contribute to the control of BP.We demonstrate that photostimulation of NTS^(PNMT)neurons has variable effects on BP.A depressor response was produced during optogenetic stimulation of NTS^(PNMT)neurons projecting to the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus,lateral parabrachial nucleus,and caudal ventrolateral medulla.Conversely,photostimulation of NTS^(PNMT)neurons projecting to the rostral ventrolateral medulla produced a robust pressor response and bradycardia.In addition,genetic ablation of both NTS^(PNMT)neurons and those projecting to the rostral ventrolateral medulla impaired the arterial baroreflex.Overall,we revealed the neuronal phenotype-and circuit-specific mechanisms underlying the contribution of NTS^(PNMT)neurons to the regulation of BP.

关键词： Nucleus tractus solitarii Blood pressure Rostral ventrolateral medulla Optogenetics Neural circuit

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Conservation analysis of long non-coding RNAs in plants

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2018年第2期61卷 190-198页

作者： Pingchuan Deng Shu Liu xiaojun nie Song Weining Liang Wu State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement CenterNorthwest A&F University

Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) are gene regulators that have vital roles in development and adaptation to the environment in eukaryotes. However, the structural and evolutionary analyses of plant lncRNAs are limited. In this study, we performed an analysis of lncRNAs in five monocot and five dicot species. Our results showed that plant lncRNA genes were generally shorter and had fewer exons than protein-coding genes. The numbers of lncRNAs were positively correlated with the numbers of protein-coding genes in different plant species, despite a high range of variation. Sequence conservation analysis showed that the majority of lncRNAs had high sequence conservation at the intra-species and sub-species levels, reminiscent of protein-coding genes. At the inter-species level, a subset of lncRNAs were highly diverged at the nucleotide level, but conserved by position.Interestingly, we found that plant lncRNAs have identical splicing signals, and those which can form precursors or targets of miRNAs have a conservative identity in different species. We also revealed that most of the lowly expressed lncRNAs were tissue-specific, while those highly conserved were constitutively transcribed. Meanwhile, we characterized a subset of rice lncRNAs that were co-expressed with their adjacent protein-coding genes, suggesting they may play cis-regulatory roles. These results will contribute to understanding the biological significance and evolution of lncRNAs in plants.

关键词： miRNAs 非编码保存工厂编码蛋白质基因种类管理者

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Indirect cooling experiment for magnetic alloy-loaded cavity

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2019年第3期3卷 294-300页

作者： Bin Wu Hong Sun xiaojun nie Xiao Li University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Dongguan Neutron Source Center Dongguan 523803China

Background Indirect cooling method is an alternative scheme for magnetic alloy(MA)-loaded cavity because of the feasible structure and MA core treatment process.Stable and long-term operation is not possible without a powerful cooling system for the high-power MA cavity.Purpose The paper reports a method to evaluate the cooling efficiency of an indirect cooling structure for high-power-loss MA cavity.Methods Two types of helix metallic cooling plate were designed and checked by CFX code considering the average power loss more than 0.13 W/cc.In order to enhance the heat-transfer efficiency between the non-flatness surface of the MA core and metallic cooling plate,a filling material with high thermal conductivity is needed.Different commercial filling materials were investigated,and a high-power test bench was developed to assess the cooling efficiency.A parametric fitting method was adopted to qualify the heat-transfer coefficient according to the temperature rising curve.Conclusion The results indicate that the experimental data maintain good consistency with the CFX simulation results and the cooling structure meets the high-power-loss cooling requirement.The heat-transfer capability of the filling was influenced by the thickness of heat-transfer materials and the painting process.The heat-transfer performance of the thermal grease is better than that of the thermal gasket even though the latter has a higher thermal conductivity.The virtual thermal conductivity of the filling material was less than the product index and affirmed by the CFX transient simulation.

关键词： MA cavity TIM Indirect cooling Parametric fitting Transient simulation Introduction

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Sc对Al/Fe层状复合材料界面化合物生长行为的影响

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金属热处理 2024年第1期49卷 84-90页

作者：王振高坤元张小军聂祚仁黄晖吴晓蓝北京工业大学材料与制造学部北京100124

采用SEM、EDS等手段研究了铝侧添加Sc元素对Al/Fe复合界面金属间化合物的生长、种类及组织形貌的影响。结果表明,冷轧复合的Al/Fe复合板在475~640℃退火1 h后均产生了连续的界面化合物,在560℃及以下时,金属间化合物厚度变化趋势基本一... 详细信息

采用SEM、EDS等手段研究了铝侧添加Sc元素对Al/Fe复合界面金属间化合物的生长、种类及组织形貌的影响。结果表明,冷轧复合的Al/Fe复合板在475~640℃退火1 h后均产生了连续的界面化合物,在560℃及以下时,金属间化合物厚度变化趋势基本一致,在560℃以上时,含Sc的复合板界面金属间化合物增长趋势明显变缓,厚度大幅降低,这表明Al侧添加Sc元素不能完全抑制界面金属间化合物的产生。同时,Sc元素的添加并未改变界面化合物的种类及分布,界面化合物从Al侧到Fe侧依次为FeAl_(3)、Fe_(2)Al_(5)、FeAl。在475℃时,Fe侧Fe_(2)Al_(5)相呈细小的锯齿状形貌,但整体十分平整,在580℃时,Fe侧Fe_(2)Al_(5)相呈粗大“指状”形貌,起伏较大。

关键词：铝/铁复合微合金化金属间化合物

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中国高陡岩质边坡植被重建技术现状与展望

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环境科学与技术 2024年第S1期47卷 70-78页

作者：陈晓东聂小军张永慧刘军军河南理工大学资源环境学院河南焦作454003 焦作市生态环境局河南焦作454000

工程建设和矿山开采等活动形成了大量裸露的岩质边坡,由此可能带来许多地质和生态环境问题。随着边坡治理技术的发展,兼具稳定边坡和绿化环境双重功能的植被重建技术,逐步取代传统的单一工程治理技术,被广泛应用于边坡恢复治理。高陡岩... 详细信息

工程建设和矿山开采等活动形成了大量裸露的岩质边坡,由此可能带来许多地质和生态环境问题。随着边坡治理技术的发展,兼具稳定边坡和绿化环境双重功能的植被重建技术,逐步取代传统的单一工程治理技术,被广泛应用于边坡恢复治理。高陡岩质边坡因坡度陡、高差大,坡面固土保水困难,导致植被生长条件十分恶劣,所以该类岩质边坡的植被重建工作极其困难。为此,文章在分析高陡岩质边坡生态特点的基础上,重点总结了适宜高陡岩质边坡的植被重建技术,并阐述了各类代表性技术的基本概念、适用范围及优缺点。同时,论述了边坡植被重建技术的主要研究热点,指出各类技术中可能存在的理论研究薄弱、基质稳定性差、植被单一、技术选型不合理以及养护费用高等问题,并从特殊生境技术开发、基质研发、植物选配、护坡机理研究、评价机制建立及信息技术应用等方面进行了展望,以期为中国高陡岩质边坡植被重建技术的工程实践和理论研究提供一定的借鉴和参考。

关键词：高陡岩质边坡植被重建技术研究热点研究现状展望

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ICARDA引进-小麦苗期抗旱性的全基因组关联分析

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中国农业科学 2024年第9期57卷 1658-1681页

作者：张颖石婷瑞曹瑞潘文秋宋卫宁王利聂小军西北农林科技大学农学院/作物抗逆与高效生产全国重点实验室山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/养分资源高效利用全国重点实验室

【目的】干旱是限制小麦生产最主要的逆境因子之一。挖掘、鉴定优异抗旱新种质、克隆抗旱新基因，以期丰富我国小麦抗旱遗传基础，为小麦抗旱遗传改良提供材料。【方法】以198份从国际干旱地区农业研究中心（ICARDA）引进的抗旱种质为... 详细信息

【目的】干旱是限制小麦生产最主要的逆境因子之一。挖掘、鉴定优异抗旱新种质、克隆抗旱新基因，以期丰富我国小麦抗旱遗传基础，为小麦抗旱遗传改良提供材料。【方法】以198份从国际干旱地区农业研究中心（ICARDA）引进的抗旱种质为材料，采用PEG-6000模拟干旱方法，通过调查苗期干旱和正常条件下的地上部鲜重、地下部鲜重、生物量和根冠比4个性状，鉴定、评价其抗旱性，结合660K SNP芯片对其抗旱性进行全基因组关联分析，发掘抗旱性相关染色体区间及关联位点，结合干旱胁迫下根等多组织的表达量数据，筛选抗旱性相关基因，最后以强抗旱性品系IR214和干旱敏感品系IR36为材料，利用qRT-PCR方法对候选基因进行验证，并分析关键候选基因的优异单倍型。【结果】干旱胁迫下，小麦的生长发育受到显著抑制，各性状表型均显著低于正常对照，不同小麦品系间也表现出显著差异，4个性状在2种处理下均呈现正态分布，变异系数为0.363—0.760，多样性指数为0.310—0.400；基于加权隶属函数值（D值）综合评价各个品种的抗旱性，发现品系IR214的D值最大，为0.851，其次为IR92、IR213、IR235和IR218等，它们可作为新的优异抗旱种质；在此基础上，通过全基因组关联分析（genome-wide association study,GWAS），共检测到102个与4个性状抗旱系数显著关联的SNP位点，表型变异解释率范围为1.07%—38.70%，其中，与地上部鲜重相关的位点60个、地下部鲜重相关位点1个、生物量相关位点36个以及根冠比相关位点5个；基于基因组注释信息，筛选到31个抗旱相关基因，结合根等不同组织的RNA-seq数据，筛选出4个抗旱候选基因，对差异表达的候选基因进行qRT-PCR验证，鉴定到2个关键抗旱候选基因；最后，分析候选基因的单倍型效应，发现TraesCS6A02G048600的AX-86174509位点，2种基因型在抗旱性状上具有显著差异，是潜在的功能位点。【结论】共检测到102个与苗期抗旱性显著关联的位点，筛选出TraesCS5B02G053500和TraesCS6A02G048600 2个关键候选基因，TraesCS6A02G048600的AX-86174509位点是潜在的抗旱性功能位点。

关键词：小麦干旱胁迫 660K SNP芯片全基因组关联分析候选基因

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基于CWT-CARS-CNN综合方法的矿区土壤煤源碳质量分数高光谱估测

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河南理工大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第3期43卷 91-100页

作者：聂小军洪雯雯 GILL Ammara 于海洋陈晓东河南理工大学测绘与国土信息工程学院河南焦作454000

目的目前,尚无可靠方法定量识别土壤中煤源碳,为此,方法采集焦作矿区耕地土壤,配制249个不同质量分数的煤源碳土壤样品,利用ASD FieldSpec4获取样品光谱数据,采用连续小波变换(continuous wavelet transform,CWT)-竞争性自适应重加权采... 详细信息

目的目前,尚无可靠方法定量识别土壤中煤源碳,为此,方法采集焦作矿区耕地土壤,配制249个不同质量分数的煤源碳土壤样品,利用ASD FieldSpec4获取样品光谱数据,采用连续小波变换(continuous wavelet transform,CWT)-竞争性自适应重加权采样(competitive adaptive reweighted sampling,CARS)-卷积神经网络(convolutional neural networks,CNN)方法估测土壤中煤源碳质量分数,并对比CWT-CARS-CNN方法与传统光谱指数法构建的煤源碳估测模型估测效果,检验CWT-CARS-CNN估测模型的适用性。结果结果表明:350~2500 nm波段内,煤与土壤光谱特征截然不同,含煤土壤样品光谱反射率随煤源碳质量分数增加而降低;CWT方法提高了光谱对土壤煤源碳的敏感性,CARS方法提取的煤源碳敏感波段数量明显增加,基于CWT-CARS-CNN方法的煤源碳质量分数估测模型精度明显高于传统光谱指数法的;以L8分解尺度构建的CWT-CARS-CNN模型精度最高,验证集R2=0.9993,RPD=40.3081。结论基于CWT-CARS-CNN的高光谱估测方法能较准确地估测矿区不同土地利用类型下土壤中的煤源碳质量分数,可为“双碳”背景下矿区土壤碳固存与肥力评估提供参考。

关键词：煤源碳碳固存高光谱估测深度学习矿区土壤

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