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Hydrogen induced cracking of X80 pipeline steel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2010年第5期17卷 579-586页

作者： Chao-fang Dong Kui xiao zhi-yong liu Wen-jing Yang xiao-gang Li Corrosion and Protection Center University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

The hydrogen-induced cracking （HIC） behavior of X80 pipeline steel was studied by means of electrochemical charging, hydrogen permeation tests, tension test, and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The experimental results indicate that the increase of charging time and charging current density or the decrease of the solution pH value leads to an increase of the hydrogen content in X80 steel, which plays a key role in the initiation and propagation of HIC. It is found that the majority of macro-inclusions within the as-used X80 steel do not constitute a direct threat to HIC except aluminum oxides, which directly or indirectly lead to HIC. The hydrogen trap density at room temperature is estimated to be pretty high, and this is an essential reason why the steel is sensitive to HIC. After hydrogen charging, the elongation loss rate and area reduction of X80 steel decline obviously, taking a noticeable sign of hydrogen-induced plasticity damages. It is demonstrated that the losses of these plastic parameters have a linear relation to the fracture size due to hydrogen.

关键词： pipeline steel hydrogen induced cracking electrochemical charging fracture

Synchrotron FTIR spectroscopy reveals molecular changes in Escherichia coli upon Cu^2＋ exposure

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2016年第3期27卷 45-52页

作者： xiao-Juan Hu zhi-xiao liu Ya-Di Wang Xue-Ling Li Jun Hu Jun-Hong Lv Division of Physical Biology and CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology Shanghai Institute of Applied PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology Shanghai Academy of Science and TechnologyShanghai 201203China Center for Clinical and Translational Medicine Shanghai Industrial Technology InstituteShanghai 201203China

Copper ions(e.g.,Cu^(2+)) have outstanding antibacterial properties,but the exact mechanism is rather complex and not fully *** this work,synchrotron Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy was used as an analytical tool to investigate the CuCl_2-induced biochemical changes in Escherichia *** spectral measurements indicated that this technique is sensitive enough to detect changes in membrane lipids,nucleic acids,peptidoglycans and proteins of Cu^(2+)-treated ***,for short-time treated cells,the effects on phospholipid composition were clearly shown,while no significant alterations of proteins,nucleic acids and peptidoglycans were *** quantitative nano-mechanics mode atomic force microscopy(AFM)confirmed the changes in the topography and mechanical properties of bacteria upon the Cu^(2+) *** study demonstrated that FTIR spectroscopy combined with AFM can provide more comprehensive evaluation on the biochemical and mechanical responses of bacteria to copper.

关键词： CuCl2 红外光谱大肠杆菌同步原子力显微镜 FTIR光谱分子曝光

variation in expression of small ubiquitin-like modifiers in injured sciatic nerve of mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第8期14卷 1455-1461页

作者： Dian-Ying Zhang Kai Yu Zhong Yang xiao-zhi liu xiao-Fang Ma Yan-Xia Li Department of Orthopedics and Trauma People's Hospital Peking University Beijing China Department of Orthopedics Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital Tianjin China Central Laboratory Tianjin Fifth Central Hosp让al Tianjin China

Small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMOs) have been shown to regulate axonal regeneration, signal transduction, neuronal migration, and myelination, by covalently and reversibly attaching to the protein substrates during neuronal cell growth, development, and differentiation. It has not been reported whether SUMOs play a role in peripheral nerve injury and regeneration. To investigate any association between SUMOylation and potential neuroprotective effects during peripheral nerve injury and regeneration, C57/BL mice were randomly divided into sham and experimental groups. The sciatic nerve was exposed only in the sham group. The experimental group underwent neurotomy and epineurial neurorrhaphy. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot assay results revealed different mRNA and protein expression levels of SUMO1, SUMO2, SUM03 and UBC9 in sciatic nerve tissue (containing both 5 mm of proximal and distal stumps at the injury site) at various time points after injury. Compared with the sham group, protein levels of SUM01 and SUMO2/3 increased in both their covalent and free states after sciatic nerve injury in the experimental group, especially in the covalent state. UBC9 protein levels showed similar changes to those of SUMO1 and SUMO2/3 in the covalent states. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that SUMO1 and SUMO2/3 immunopositivities were higher in the experimental group than in the sham group. Our results verified that during the repair of sciatic nerve injury, the mRNA and protein expression of SUMO1, SUMO2, SUMO3 and UBC9 in injured nerve tissues changed in varying patterns and there were clear changes in the expression of SUMO-related proteins. These findings reveal that SUMOs possibly play an important role in the repair of peripheral nerve injury. All animal protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, China (approval No. TJWZXLL2018041) on November & 2018.

关键词： nerve regeneration peripheral nerve injury sciatic nerve SUMO1 SUMO2/3 UBC9 SUMOylation epineurial neurorrhaphy neural regeneration

Discrimination of foodborne pathogenic bacteria using synchrotron FTIR microspectroscopy

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2017年第4期28卷 38-43页

作者： Ya-Di Wang Xue-Ling Li zhi-xiao liu Xing-Xing Zhang Jun Hu Jun-Hong Lü Division of Physical Biology and CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Shanghai 201800 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology Shanghai Academy of Science and Technology Shanghai 201203China Center for Clinical and Translational Medicine Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute Shanghai 201203 China

Traditional Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy has been recognized as a valuable method to characterize and classify kinds of *** this study,combined with multivariate statistical analysis,synchrotron radiation-based FTIR(SR-FTIR) microspectroscopy was applied to identify and discriminate ten foodborne bacterial *** results show that the whole spectra(3000-900 cm^(-1)) and three subdivided spectral regions(3000-2800,1800-1500 and 1200-900 cm^(-1),representing lipids,proteins and polysaccharides,respectively) can be used to type *** the whole spectra or the three subdivided spectra are good for discriminating the bacteria at levels of species and subspecies,but the whole spectra should be given preference at the genus *** findings demonstrate that SR-FTIR microspectroscopy is a powerful tool to identify and classify foodborne pathogenic bacteria at the genus,species and subspecies level.

关键词： Synchrotron FTIR microspectroscopy Foodborne pathogens Bacterial discrimination Subdivided spectral regions Multivariate statistical analysis

A new cave-dwelling blind loach, Triplophysa erythraea sp. nov.(Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae), from Hunan Province, China

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Zoological Research 2019年第4期40卷 331-336页

作者： Tai-Fu Huang Pei-Ling Zhang Xing-Long Huang Tao Wu xiao-Yan Gong You-Xiang Zhang Qing-Zhong Peng zhi-xiao liu College of Biology and Environmental Sciences Jishou University

DEAR EDITOR, A new blind loach species, Triplophysa erythraea sp. nov., from a karst cave in Hunan Province, central south China, is described based on morphology and cyt b gene sequencing. It can be distinguished from other species of Triplophysa by the following combi nation of characters: eyes absent;body scaleless and colorless;caudal-fin 17;maxillary barbel Ion gest;fins tran sparent, compressed pectoral-fin reachi ng 2/3 distanee between pectoral-fin and pelvic-fin origins;pelvicfin and dorsal-fin origins relative;posterior chamber of airbladder well developed, Iong, oval, and dissociative.

关键词： Hunan Province Triplophysa characters

In-situ constructed Cu/CuNC interfaces for low-overpotential reduction of CO2 to ethanol

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National Science Review 2023年第4期10卷 105-113页

作者： Yan Yang Jiaju Fu Yixin Ouyang Tang Tang Yun Zhang Li-Rong Zheng Qing-Hua Zhang xiao-zhi liu Jinlan Wang Jin-Song Hu Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Research Institute Zhejiang Tiandi Environmental Protection Technology Co.Ltd University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics Southeast University Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen University Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Electrochemical CO2reduction（ECR） to high-value multi-carbon(C2+) products is critical to sustainable energy conversion, yet the high energy barrier of C-C coupling causes catalysts to suffer high overpotential and low selectivity toward specific liquid C2+products. Here, the electronically asymmetric Cu-Cu/Cu-N-C（Cu/Cu NC） interface site is found, by theoretical calculations, to enhance the adsorption of*CO intermediates and decrease the reaction barrier of C-C coupling in ECR, enabling efficient C-C coupling at low overpotential. The catalyst consisting of high-density Cu/Cu NC interface sites（noted as ER-Cu/CuNC） is then accordingly designed and constructed in situ on the high-loading Cu-N-C single atomic catalysts. Systematical experiments corroborate the theoretical prediction that the ER-Cu/Cu NC boosts electrocatalytic CO2-to-ethanol conversion with a Faradaic efficiency toward C2+of 60.3%（FEethanol of 55%） at a low overpotential of-0.35 V. These findings provide new insights and an atractive approach to creating electronically asymmetric dual sites for efficient conversion of CO2to C2+products.

关键词： Cu/CuNC interface low overpotential CO2 reduction ethanol electrocatalysis

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of the 28.5ku Movement Protein of Frangipani Mosaic Virus (FMV)

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2001年第1期 148-150页

作者： DENG xiao-dong FEI xiao-wen liu zhi-xin HU Xin-wen ZHENG Xue-qin National Key Biotechnology Laboratory of Tropical Crop CA TAS Haikou 571101 National Key Biotechnology Laboratory of Tropical Crop CA TAS Haikou 571101 National Key Biotechnology Laboratory of Tropical Crop CA TAS Haikou 571101 National Key Biotechnology Laboratory of Tropical Crop CA TAS Haikou 571101 National Key Biotechnology Laboratory of Tropical Crop CA TAS Haikou 571101

Based on conserved regions among genomic RNA of tobamoviruses, a pair of primers spanning the sequence encoding the movement protein were synthesized. A cDNA fragment of 1700bp was thus amplified by RT-PCR(reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction). The fragment was cloned into pGEM-T easy vector and sequenced. DNA sequence analysis showed that the fragment contained a region of 768 nucleotides encoding protein of 256 amino acid of frangipani mosaic virus (FMV) and also partial sequence corresponding to 180ku and 17. 5ku protein.

关键词： Plumeria acutifolia FMV Movement protein gene Sequence analysis

Structural characteristics and mechanism of hydrogen-induced disproportionation of the ZrCo alloy

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2012年第11期19卷 1010-1015页

作者： Xiu-mei Guo Shu-mao Wang xiao-peng liu zhi-nian Li Jian-hua Ye Hui-ping Yuan Li-jun Jiang Energy Material and Technology Institute General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Beijing 100088 China

The intermetallic compound ZrCo was prepared, and its hydrogen-induced disproportionation in hydrogen desorption processes was investigated. The hydrogenation-dehydrogenation thermodynamics of the ZrCo alloy was evaluated by pressure-composition isotherm measurements at different temperatures. The kinetic processes of hydrogen-induced disproportionation at different temperatures under certain pressures were detailedly studied. The disproportionation rate of the ZrCo alloy increased with the increases of temperature and initial hy- drogen pressure under experimental conditions. However, the maximum attainable extent of disproportionation did not change much with an increase in temperature or initial hydrogen pressure. The crystallographic structure analysis of the ZrCo alloy combining with its corre- sponding dehydrogenation kinetic curves under the conditions of an initial hydrogen pressure of 0.2 MPa and a temperature of 723 K indi- cated that the basic process of disproportionation reactions was composed of four stages： rapid dehydrogenation of ZrCoH3, equilibrium of dehydrogenation, simultaneity of dehydrogenation and disproportionation, and completion of disproportionation.

关键词： zirconium compounds cobalt compounds hydrogenation dehydrogenation structural analysis thermodynamics

Poland＇s syndrome in women： 24 cases study and literature review

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Chinese Medical Journal 2012年第18期125卷 3283-3287页

作者： ZHU Lin ZENG Ang WANG xiao-jun liu zhi-fei ZHANG Hai-lin Plastic Surgery Department Peking Union Medical CollegeHospital Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesChina Beijing 100032

Background Since its first description in 1841, numerous variations and treatments of Poland＇s syndrome （congenital deficiency of the pectoralis major muscle associated with brachysyndactyly） have been reported. None of the reports, however, involved female Chinese patients. Methods A retrospective study of 24 female patients was conducted to guide the selection of methods of surgical reconstruction. The patients were divided into three groups according to the degree of thoracic tissue development. Type I （mild）： Limited tissue loss which can be treated with simple filling with autologous fat and/or an artificial breast implant. Type II （moderate）： Moderate thoracic tissue hypoplasia where the breast parenchyma can still offer adequate implant coverage. Mammoplasty using a latissimus dorsi muscular flap with an implant was performed in this group. The flap was used to fill the infraclavicular hollow, and the implant was placed in the dual-plane pocket. Type Ⅲ （severe）： Severe thoracic tissue hypoplasia, without sufficient parenchyma to offer implant coverage. A latissimus dorsi muscular flap was used to form a total submuscular pocket in which an implant was placed. Results The numbers of Type Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ patients were 15, 3, and 6, respectively. All of the flaps and injected fat demonstrated good survival. Satisfactory cosmetic results were exhibited during the follow-up period of 1 to 9 years. Conclusions Although this group of patients showed varied conditions, they can be roughly divided into three types according to the degree of thoracic tissue development. In our experience, this classification is simple and useful in choosing the breast reconstruction options.

关键词： Poland's syndrome pectoralis major muscle aplasia congenital breast malformation latissimus dorsi muscular flap