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Microphase Separation of Semiflexible Ring Diblock Copolymers

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第2期42卷 267-276,I0011页

作者： dan-Yan Qin Sheng-Da zhao Zhi-Xin Liu Jing Zhang Xing-Hua Zhang School of Physical Science and Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China

Aiming at the difficult problem of solving the conformation statistics of complex polymers, this study presents a novel and concise conformation statistics theoretical approach based on Monte Carlo and Neural Network method. This method offers a new research idea for investigating the conformation statistics of complex polymers, characterized by its simplicity and practicality. It can be applied to more complex topological structure, more higher degree of freedom polymer systems with higher dimensions, theory research on dynamic self-consistent field theory and polymer field theory, as well as the analysis of scattering experimental data. The conformation statistics of complex polymers determine the structure and response properties of the system. Using the new method proposed in this study, taking the semiflexible ring diblock copolymer as an example, Monte Carlo simulation is used to sample this ring conformation to construct the dataset of polymer. The structure factor describing conformation statistics are expressed as continuous functions of structure parameters by neural network supervised learning. This is the innovation of this work. As an application, the structure factors represented by neural networks were introduced into the random phase approximation theory to study the microphase separation of semiflexible ring diblock copolymers. The influence of the ring's topological properties on the phase transition behavior was pointed out.

关键词： Ring copolymer Diblock copolymers Semiflexible The order-disorder transition

Experimental and numerical study of combustion characteristics of ammonia-hydrogen-air swirling flame with/without secondary air injection

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第4期37卷 243-255页

作者： Chunyu LIU Chenhu GAO Yue HUANG Hua JIN dan zhao Wenjiang XU Yancheng YOU School of Aerospace Engineering Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of CanterburyChristchurch 8041New Zealand

Ammonia (NH_(3)) is currently considered to be a potential carbon-free alternative fuel,and its large-scale use as such would certainly decrease greenhouse gas emissions and meet increasingly stringent emission *** the low flame propagation speed and high NO production of NH_(3) hinder its direct application as a renewable fuel,co-combustion of NH_(3)–H_(2)is an effective way to overcome these *** this study,the combustion characteristics of NH_(3)–H_(2)swirling flames under different equivalence ratios and H_2blending ratios conditions are both numerically and experimentally ***,the One-Dimensional (1D) laminar flame computation presents a comparison base and the Three-Dimensional (3D) numerical simulation yields detailed flame property ***,the high-speed camera takes instantaneous swirl flame images and the gas analyzer measures the NO emission at the exit plane of the flame *** and quantitative analysis is performed on the flame structure and NO emission for a series of NH_(3)–H_(2)swirl *** variation trends of the NO emission calculated using different techniques agree very *** quantitative results show that the NO emissions are much higher at lean equivalence ratios than those at rich equivalence ratios,and such difference is closely related to the combustion flame ***,it is shown that the utilization of secondary air injection can achieve a significant reduction in NO emissions at the exit of the combustion chamber at equivalence ratios less than or equal to 0.9.

关键词： Ammonia combustion Swirling flow NO emission characteristics Secondary combustion Chemical reaction mechanism

Recent progress in single crystal perovskite X-ray detectors

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 5-19页

作者： xiao LIU Jun REN Yu-Ang CHEN Xiangshun GENG dan XIE Tian-Ling REN School of Integrated Circuits Tsinghua University Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist)

Perovskites have attracted extensive attention as radiation detection material due to their long carrier diffusion length and lifetime, high absorption coefficient, and flexible manufacturing process. Compared with polycrystalline structures, single crystal perovskites improve the performance of optoelectronic devices due to their low defect state density, better photoelectric characteristics, and chemical ***, we review the recent progress of single crystal perovskite X-ray detectors. First, we briefly introduced the basic concepts, detection mechanisms, figure of merits of perovskite X-ray detectors, and the preparation methods of single crystal perovskites. Then, we summarized the significant advancements in single crystal perovskite X-ray detectors in recent times. Finally, we discussed the critical challenges and some practicable solutions for developing high-performance X-ray detectors.

关键词： single crystal perovskites carrier transport radiation detection X-ray detectors X-ray imaging

Ultrafine nano-copper derived from dopamine polymerization&synchronous adsorption achieve electrochemical purification of nitrate to ammonia in complex water environments

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第8期35卷 383-390页

作者： Xue zhao Mengshan Chen dan Wang Haoran Zhang Guangzhi Hu Yingtang Zhou Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yunnan Normal UniversityKunming 650092China National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture Marine Science and Technology CollegeZhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316004China College of Chemistry Nankai University Nankai UniversityTianjing 300071China Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunming 650504China

Electrochemical-nitrate-reduction-reaction(eNitRR)synthesis of ammonia is an effective way to treat ni-trate wastewater and alleviate the pressure of the Haber-Bosch ammonia production *** to develop effective catalysts to electrochemically reduce nitrate to ammonia and purify sewage under com-plex environmental conditions is the focus of current ***,the dopamine polymerization pro-cess and the[(C_(12)H_(8)N_(2))_(2)Cu]^(2+)complex embedding process were run simultaneously in time and space,and ultrafine Cu nanoparticles(Cu/CN)were effectively loaded on nitrogen-doped carbon after heat *** Cu/CN as the catalyst,the ammonia yield rate and Faradaic efficiency of the electrochemical conversion of NO_(3)^(-)to NH_(3)are highly 8984.0μg h^(−1)mg cat.^(−1)and 95.6%,*** in the face of complex water environments,such as neutral media,acidic media,coexisting ions,and actual nitrate wastewater,nitrate wastewater can be effectively purified to form high value-added *** strat-egy of simultaneous embedding increases the exposure rate of Cu sites,and the support of CN is also beneficial to reduce the energy barrier of ^(∗)NO_(3)*** study rationally designed catalysts that are beneficial to eNitRR,and considered the situation faced by practical applications during the research stage,reducing the performance gap between laboratory exploration and industrial applications.

关键词： Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction Synthetic ammonia Sewage treatment Nano copper Dopamine

Directly targeting BAX for drug discovery:Therapeutic opportunities and challenges

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第6期14卷 2378-2401页

作者： Zhenwei Zhang Linghui Hou dan Liu Shenglin Luan Min Huang Linxiang zhao Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design&Discovery of Ministry of Education Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China China Resources Sanjiu Medical&Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518000China

For over two decades,the development of B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2)family therapeutics has primarily focused on anti-apoptotic proteins,resulting in the first-in-class drugs called BH3 mimetics,especially for Bcl-2 inhibitor *** pro-apoptotic protein Bcl-2-associated X protein(BAX)plays a crucial role as the executioner protein of the mitochondrial regulated cell death,contributing to organismal development,tissue homeostasis,and *** dysregulation of BAX is closely associated with the onset and progression of diseases characterized by pathologic cell survival or death,such as cancer,neurodegeneration,and heart *** addition to conducting thorough investigations into the physiological modulation of BAX,research on the regulatory mechanisms of small molecules identified through biochemical screening approaches has prompted the identification of functional and potentially druggable binding sites on BAX,as well as diverse all-molecule BAX *** review presents recent advancements in elucidating the physiological and pharmacological modulation of BAX and in identifying potentially druggable binding sites on ***,it highlights the structural and mechanistic insights into small-molecule modulators targeting diverse binding surfaces or conformations of BAX,offering a promising avenue for developing next-generation apoptosis modulators to treat a wide range of diseases associated with dysregulated cell death by directly targeting BAX.

关键词： Apoptosis Pro-apoptotic protein BAX Dynamic conformational activation Small-molecule apoptosis modulators

Mutation in the Agrobacterium his I gene enhances transient expression in pepper

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第3期10卷 809-822页

作者： dan Liu Shengnan zhao Jubin Wang Xi Zhang Yingtian Deng Feng Li National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation&Utilization of Horticultural Crops College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China

Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation is widely used in plant genetic ***,its efficiency is limited by plant immunity against *** pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)is an important vegetable that is recalcitrant to Agrobacterium-mediated *** this work,Agrobacterium was found to induce a strong immune response in pepper,which might be the reason for T-DNA being difficult to express in *** Agrobacterium mutant screen was conducted and a point mutation in the hisI gene was identified due to a weak immune response and enhanced transient expression mediated by this Agrobacterium mutant in pepper *** genetic analysis revealed that histidine biosynthesis deficiency caused by mutations in many genes of this pathway led to reduced pepper cell death,presumably due to reduced bacterial ***,mutation analysis of threonine and tryptophan biosynthesis genes showed that the biosynthesis of different amino acids may play different roles in Agrobacterium growth and stimulating the pepper immune *** possible application of Agrobacterium amino acid biosynthesis mutations in plant biology was discussed.

关键词： Capsicum annuum L. Agrobacterium Transient transformation efficiency Mutation Amino acid Immune response

Evaluation of teplizumab's efficacy and safety in treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第7期15卷 1615-1626页

作者： xiao-Lan Ma dan Ge Xue-Jian Hu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism The Second Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000Gansu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Islets of Langerhans beta cells diminish in autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM).Teplizumab,a humanized anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody,may help *** long-term implications on clinical T1DM development,safety,and efficacy are *** To assess the effectiveness and safety of teplizumab as a therapeutic intervention for individuals with *** A systematic search was conducted using four electronic databases(PubMed,Embase,Scopus,and Cochrane Library)to select publications published in peerreviewed journals written in *** odds ratio(OR)and risk ratio(RR)were calculated,along with their 95%*** assessed heterogeneity using Cochrane Q and I2 statistics and the appropriate P *** There were 8 randomized controlled trials(RCTs)in the current meta-analysis with a total of 1908 T1DM patients from diverse age cohorts,with 1361 patients receiving Teplizumab and 547 patients receiving a *** was found to have a substantial link with a decrease in insulin consumption,with an OR of 4.13(95%CI:1.72 to 9.90).Teplizumab is associated with an improved Cpeptide response(OR 2.49;95%CI:1.62 to 3.81)and a significant change in Glycated haemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)levels in people with type 1 diabetes[OR 1.75(95%CI:1.03 to 2.98)],and it has a RR of 0.71(95%CI:0.53 to 0.95).CONCLUSION In type 1 diabetics,teplizumab decreased insulin consumption,improved C-peptide response,and significantly changed HbA1c levels with negligible side *** appears to improve glycaemic control and diabetes management with good safety and efficacy.

关键词： Type-1 diabetes mellitus Teplizumab Anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody Insulin Glycated haemoglobin A1c Cpeptide

Study on the vertical deformations induced by terrestrial water storage changes in Huang-Huai-Hai river basin

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第4期15卷 352-365页

作者： Liansheng Deng Yugang xiao Qusen Chen Feifei Liao zhao Li School of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering Hubei Polytechnic UniversityHuangshi 435003China Hubei Luojia Laboratory GNSS Research CenterWuhan UniversityWuhan 430079.China Changjiang Spatial Information Technology Engineering Co. Ltd.Wuhan 430010China

Terrestrial water storage(TWs)variations are associated with water mass movements,which may cause the deformation displacements of the Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)*** study investigates the spatio-temporal Tws variations and addresses the relationship between deformation variations observed in the Huang-Huai-Hai River Basin(HHHRB)and local hydrological *** indicate that the vertical velocities at the GNSS stations induced by TWS changes are relatively small,and the impacts of the terrestrial water storage changes are mainly reflected in the changes of seasonal *** there is a downward TWS trend from 2011 to 2022 in most HHHRB areas,velocities from the vertical displacements of both Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(GRACE)and GRACE Follow-On(GFO)and the GNSS reflect that the HHHRB is undergoing an uplift process,while the magnitude of the GRACE/GFO derived velocities is much smaller than that of the GNSS *** hydrological deformations estimated from GRACE/GFO and GNSS measurements reveal that the TWS-derived displacements can explain 54.5%of the GNSS seasonal variations,with the phases of terrestrial water storage advancing by about one month relative to GNss common signal ***,the decrease of the groundwater storage in the HHHRB has been accelerating since *** reaching its lowest level around mid-2020,it began to rise rapidly,which might be closely related to the implementation of the South-North Water Transfer Central Project.

关键词： Terrestrial waterstorage GRACE GNSS Vertical deformations Huang-Huai-Hairiverbasin

New evidence for the epigenetic regulation of skeletal stem cells

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Science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2004-2006页

作者： Liming zhao Jun xiao Charles K.F.Chan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Stanford University School of MedicineStanford CA 94305USA Department of Surgery Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryStanford University School of MedicineStanford CA 94305USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

Skeletal stem cells(SSCs)are crucial for skeletal development and regeneration,yet the epigenetic regulation of these cells remains poorly *** studies have delineated the epigenetic landscape across the developmental trajectory of SSCs,highlighting the involvement of Ptip in regulating SSC *** skeletal system undergoes dynamic remodeling throughout *** stem cells(SSCs),residing within the skeleton and lineage-restricted,serve as a cellular reserve to foster development and maintain skeletal *** categorized within the broader mesenchymal stromal/stem cells(MSCs).

关键词： skeletal involvement maintain