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Leucine regulates lipid metabolism in adipose tissue through adipokine-mTOR-SIRT1 signaling pathway and bile acid—microbe axis in a finishing pig model

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 158-173页

作者： Yunju Yin Saiming Gong Mengmeng Han Jingzun Wang Hanjing Shi xianji jiang Liu Guo Yehui Duan Qiuping Guo Qinghua Chen Fengna Li Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionChangsha 410125China College of Animal Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China College of Modern Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Life Science and Engineering Northwest Minzu UniversityLanzhou 730124China College of Life Sciences Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410128China

This study was conducted to explore the regulatory mechanism of leucine(Leu)on lipid metabolism of finishing ***-four Duroc×Landrace×Large cross pigs with an average body weight of68.33±0.97 kg were randomly allocated into 3 treatment groups with 8 replicates per group(1 pig per replicate).The dietary treatments were as follows:control group(CON),0.25%Leu group and 0.50%Leu *** experimental period was 42 *** results showed as follows.(1)Compared with the CON,0.25%and 0.50%Leu increased(P<0.01)the average daily gain(ADG),while the average backfat thickness(ABT)and the ratio of feed intake to body weight gain(F:G ratio)were decreased(P<0.05).(2)In the 0.25%Leu group,the relative mRNA expression levels of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c(SREBP1c),recombinant fatty acid transport protein 1(FATP1),chemerin and peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptorγ(PPARγ)were decreased but the level of fatty acid binding protein 4(FABP4)and fatty acid translocase(FAT/CD36)were increased in backfat *** the 0.25%Leu group,the protein levels of p-Rictor,p-Raptor,p-eIF4E-binding protein 1(p-4EBP1),p-silent mating type information regulator 2homolog 1(p-SIRT1)and acetylation ribosome s6 protein kinase 1(Ac—S6K1)were increased(P<0.05).(3)Compared to the CON,the diversity of gut microbiota in the 0.25%Leu group was *** component analysis showed that the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,Lactobacillus and Desulfovibrio was higher in the 0.25%Leu group than the CON,but the relative abundance of Firmicutes,Treponema and Shigella was lower than in the CON(P<0.05).(4)Four different metabolites were screened out from the serum of finishing pigs including allolithocholic acid(alloLCA),isolithocholic acid(isoLCA),ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA)and hyodeoxycholic acid(HDCA),which correlate to various degrees with the above *** conclusion,Leu could promote adipose tissue lipolysis of finishing pigs through the mTOR-SIRT1 signaling pathway,a

关键词： Leu Lipid metabolism Gut microbiota Bile acid

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小麦麸的营养价值及其在畜禽生产中的应用研究进展

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动物营养学报 2024年第7期36卷 4172-4182页

作者：蒋线吉李瑞殷运菊印遇龙中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所中国科学院亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术国家工程实验室动物营养生理与代谢过程湖南省重点实验室长沙410125 湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院湖南畜禽安全生产协同创新中心长沙410128

小麦麸粗蛋白质和纤维含量较高,是畜禽饲粮中常见的能量、蛋白质和纤维来源。在实际生产中,小麦麸可替代部分玉米、豆粕应用于猪、禽饲粮中,然而小麦麸因其品种、来源、加工方式、抗营养因子含量等的不同,其营养价值变异较大,会影响猪... 详细信息

小麦麸粗蛋白质和纤维含量较高,是畜禽饲粮中常见的能量、蛋白质和纤维来源。在实际生产中,小麦麸可替代部分玉米、豆粕应用于猪、禽饲粮中,然而小麦麸因其品种、来源、加工方式、抗营养因子含量等的不同,其营养价值变异较大,会影响猪、鸡饲粮的精准配制。因此,本文主要就小麦麸的营养价值、抗营养因子含量以及在猪、鸡饲粮中的应用作一综述,为小麦麸的合理应用提供参考。

关键词：小麦麸营养价值抗营养因子猪鸡

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茶粕的营养价值、功能特性及其在动物生产中的应用

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动物营养学报 2023年第7期35卷 4138-4147页

作者：蒋线吉冯淦熠李瑞印遇龙湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院湖南畜禽安全生产协同创新中心长沙410128 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所中国科学院亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术国家工程实验室动物营养生理与代谢过程湖南省重点实验室长沙410125

茶粕是油茶果实榨油后的残留物,其粗蛋白质和碳水化合物含量高,且含有不饱和脂肪酸、茶皂素、单宁、生物碱及少量黄酮、多糖等活性成分,具有较好的营养价值和功能特性。因加工工艺不同,茶粕一般可制成粉状、颗粒状和饼状,经提皂加工后... 详细信息

茶粕是油茶果实榨油后的残留物,其粗蛋白质和碳水化合物含量高,且含有不饱和脂肪酸、茶皂素、单宁、生物碱及少量黄酮、多糖等活性成分,具有较好的营养价值和功能特性。因加工工艺不同,茶粕一般可制成粉状、颗粒状和饼状,经提皂加工后粗蛋白质含量增加,粗纤维含量降低,可作为蛋白质饲料替代部分豆粕使用。本文综述了茶粕的营养价值和功能特性、茶皂素的提取工艺以及茶粕在畜禽和水产动物生产中的应用,以期为非常规饲料的开发利用提供理论指导。

关键词：茶粕茶皂素活性成分脱皂工艺蛋白质饲料

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Impacts of the annual cycle of background SST in the tropical Pacific on the phase and amplitude of ENSO

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 12-17页

作者： Song jiang Congwen Zhu Ning jiang State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather(LASW) Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijingChina College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

The dominant annual cycle of sea surface temperature(SST)in the tropical Pacific exhibits an antisymmetric mode,which explains 83.4%total variance,and serves as a background of El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO).However,there is no consensus yet on its anomalous impacts on the phase and amplitude of *** on data during 1982-2022,results show that anomalies of the antisymmetric mode can affect the evolution of ENSO on the interannual scale via Bjerknes feedback,in which the positive(negative)phase of the antisymmetric mode can strengthen El Niño(La Niña)in boreal winter via an earlier(delayed)seasonal cycle transition and larger(smaller)annual *** magnitude of the SST anomalies in the equatorial eastern Pacific can reach more than±0.3◦C,regulated by the changes in the antisymmetric mode based on random sensitivity *** reveal the spatial pattern of the annual cycle associated with the seasonal phase-locking of ENSO evolution and provide new insight into the impact of the annual cycle of background SST on ENSO,which possibly carries important implications for forecasting ENSO.

关键词： Annual cycle SST anomaly Antisymmetric mode ENSO

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Toward understanding the role of genomic repeat elements in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 646-659页

作者： Zhengyu An Aidi jiang Jingqi Chen Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center ShanghaiChina

Neurodegenerative diseases cause great medical and economic burdens for both patients and society;however, the complex molecular mechanisms thereof are not yet well understood. With the development of high-coverage sequencing technology, researchers have started to notice that genomic repeat regions, previously neglected in search of disease culprits, are active contributors to multiple neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we describe the association between repeat element variants and multiple degenerative diseases through genome-wide association studies and targeted sequencing. We discuss the identification of disease-relevant repeat element variants, further powered by the advancement of long-read sequencing technologies and their related tools, and summarize recent findings in the molecular mechanisms of repeat element variants in brain degeneration, such as those causing transcriptional silencing or RNA-mediated gain of toxic function. Furthermore, we describe how in silico predictions using innovative computational models, such as deep learning language models, could enhance and accelerate our understanding of the functional impact of repeat element variants. Finally, we discuss future directions to advance current findings for a better understanding of neurodegenerative diseases and the clinical applications of genomic repeat elements.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease ataxia deep learning long-read sequencing neurodegeneration neurodegenerative diseases Parkinson's disease repeat element structural variant

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Optimal Scheduling of an Independent Electro-Hydrogen System with Hybrid Energy Storage Using a Multi-Objective Standardization Fusion Method

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Energy Engineering 2025年第1期122卷 63-84页

作者： SuliangMa ZeqingMeng Mingxuan Chen Yuan jiang School of Electrical and Control Engineering North China University of TechnologyBeijing100144China ChinaThree Gorges Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing100032China School of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

In the independent electro-hydrogen system(IEHS)with hybrid energy storage(HESS),achieving optimal scheduling is ***,it presents a challenge due to the significant deviations in values ofmultiple optimization objective functions caused by their physical *** deviations seriously affect the scheduling process.A novel standardization fusion method has been established to address this issue by analyzing the variation process of each objective function’s *** optimal scheduling results of IEHS with HESS indicate that the economy and overall energy loss can be improved 2–3 times under different optimization *** proposed method better balances all optimization objective functions and reduces the impact of their *** the cost of BESS decreases by approximately 30%,its participation deepens by about 1 ***,if the price of the electrolyzer is less than 15￥/kWh or if the cost of the fuel cell drops below 4￥/kWh,their participation will increase *** study aims to provide a more reasonable approach to solving multi-objective optimization problems.

关键词： Electro-hydrogen system multi-objective optimization standardization method hybrid energy storage system

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生长猪米糠消化能与代谢能的测定及预测模型的建立

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动物营养学报 2023年第8期35卷 4967-4975页

作者：田明洲向强冯淦熠蒋线吉杨刚刘小杰李瑞黄瑞林印遇龙中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所中国科学院亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术国家工程实验室动物营养生理与代谢过程湖南省重点实验室长沙410125 湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院湖南畜禽安全生产协同创新中心长沙410128

本试验旨在测定10个不同厂家的米糠的化学成分含量及生长猪的消化能(DE)和代谢能(ME),并基于其有效化学成分含量构建米糠生长猪有效能值的预测模型。选取22头初始体重为(30.0±1.5)kg的“杜×长×大”健康去势公猪,单代谢笼饲养,并按照2... 详细信息

本试验旨在测定10个不同厂家的米糠的化学成分含量及生长猪的消化能(DE)和代谢能(ME),并基于其有效化学成分含量构建米糠生长猪有效能值的预测模型。选取22头初始体重为(30.0±1.5)kg的“杜×长×大”健康去势公猪,单代谢笼饲养,并按照2个11×3不完全拉丁方设计,分别饲喂10个米糠饲粮和1个基础饲粮。采用全收粪、尿法和套算法分别测定10个米糠的猪DE和ME,采用逐步回归函数构建立米糠有效化学成分含量对DE、ME的预测模型。结果显示:风干状态下,10种米糠含总能(GE)14.69~18.98 MJ/kg,干物质(DM)87.40%~88.61%,粗蛋白质(CP)11.84%~16.29%、粗灰分(Ash)6.29%~11.49%、粗脂肪(EE)0.55%~14.37%,粗纤维(CF)4.23%~9.97%、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)16.72%~29.35%,酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)3.19%~11.97%,总淀粉(TS)25.01%~36.14%,钙(Ca)0.07%~0.64%和总磷(TP)1.52%~2.01%;10个米糠对生长猪的DE和ME平均值分别为11.65和11.03 MJ/kg;米糠对生长猪DE和ME的最佳预测模型分别为DE(风干基础,MJ/kg)=-5.191+1.019GE(R2=0.621,P<0.01)和ME(风干基础,MJ/kg)=-5.307+0.987GE(R^(2)=0.671,P<0.01)。由此可见,不同来源米糠间CP、EE、TS和纤维组分(NDF、ADF)含量变异均较大,是造成样本间GE差异的主要因素,且GE是米糠生长猪有效能值预测的关键因子。

关键词：米糠生长猪消化能代谢能预测模型

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Constraints on holographic QCD phase transitions from PTA observations

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 71-78页

作者： Song He Li Li Sai Wang Shao-jiang Wang Center for Theoretical Physics and College of Physics Jilin University School of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo University Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) Theoretical Physics Division Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The underlying physics of QCD phase transition in the early Universe remains largely unknown due to its strong-coupling nature during the quark-gluon plasma/hadron gas transition, yet a holographic model has been proposed to quantitatively fit the lattice QCD data while with its duration of the first-order phase transition(FoPT) left undetermined. At specific baryon chemical potential, the first-order QCD phase transition agrees with the observational constraint of baryon asymmetry. It, therefore, provides a scenario for phase transition gravitational waves(GWs) within the standard model of particle physics. If these background GWs could contribute dominantly to the recently claimed common-spectrum red noise from pulsar timing array(PTA) observations, the duration of this FoPT can be well constrained, and the associated primordial black holes are still allowed by current observations.

关键词： pulsar timing array QCD phase transition gravitational waves primordial black holes

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生长育肥猪木薯氨基酸消化率测定及预测模型建立

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动物营养学报 2022年第8期34卷 4892-4903页

作者：杨刚李瑞冯淦熠向强田明洲蒋线吉刘小杰黄瑞林印遇龙中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所中国科学院亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术国家工程实验室动物营养生理与代谢过程湖南省重点实验室长沙410125 湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院湖南畜禽安全生产协同创新中心长沙410128

本试验旨在测定生长育肥猪木薯的氨基酸表观回肠消化率(AID)和标准回肠消化率(SID),并基于木薯常规营养成分含量建立生长育肥猪必需氨基酸SID的预测模型。选取健康、体重为(36.0±1.4) kg的“杜×长×大”瘘管猪22头,采用2个11×3的不... 详细信息

本试验旨在测定生长育肥猪木薯的氨基酸表观回肠消化率(AID)和标准回肠消化率(SID),并基于木薯常规营养成分含量建立生长育肥猪必需氨基酸SID的预测模型。选取健康、体重为(36.0±1.4) kg的“杜×长×大”瘘管猪22头,采用2个11×3的不完全拉丁方设计,分别饲喂1种无氮饲粮和10种木薯试验饲粮。结果表明:风干基础下,木薯赖氨酸(Lys)、蛋氨酸(Met)、苏氨酸(Thr)、色氨酸(Trp)含量分别为0.09%~0.24%、0.01%~0.03%、0.05%~0.11%、0.04%~0.07%;10个不同来源木薯中,以产自广西玉林和广西来宾的木薯大部分氨基酸含量较高。生长育肥猪对木薯的AID_(Lys)、AID_(Met)、AID_(Thr)、AID_(Trp)分别为54.21%~87.96%、41.33%~84.95%、31.67%~73.14%、74.40%~91.12%,对木薯的SID_(Lys)、SID_(Met)、SID_(Thr)、SID_(Trp)分别为69.20%~95.53%、69.62%~97.81%、73.04%~95.44%、84.50%~96.20%。本试验建立了生长育肥猪对木薯SID_(Trp)、SID_(Arg)、SID_(Leu)、SID_(Val)、SID_(Phe)的预测模型,涉及的关键预测因子包括粗蛋白质(CP)、粗灰分(Ash)、干物质(DM)及中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量。

关键词：木薯生长育肥猪氨基酸消化率预测模型

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Offload Strategy for Edge Computing in Satellite Networks Based on Software Defined Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 863-879页

作者： Zhiguo Liu Yuqing Gui Lin Wang Yingru jiang Communication and Network Laboratory Dalian UniversityDalian116622China College of Environment and Chemical Engineering Dalian UniversityDalian116622China

Satellite edge computing has garnered significant attention from researchers;however,processing a large volume of tasks within multi-node satellite networks still poses considerable *** sharp increase in user demand for latency-sensitive tasks has inevitably led to offloading bottlenecks and insufficient computational capacity on individual satellite edge servers,making it necessary to implement effective task offloading scheduling to enhance user *** this paper,we propose a priority-based task scheduling strategy based on a Software-Defined Network(SDN)framework for satellite-terrestrial integrated networks,which clarifies the execution order of tasks based on their ***,we apply a Dueling-Double Deep Q-Network(DDQN)algorithm enhanced with prioritized experience replay to derive a computation offloading strategy,improving the experience replay mechanism within the Dueling-DDQN ***,we utilize the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient(DDPG)algorithm to determine the optimal resource allocation strategy to reduce the processing latency of *** results demonstrate that the proposed d3-DDPG algorithm outperforms other approaches,effectively reducing task processing latency and thus improving user experience and system efficiency.

关键词： Satellite network edge computing task scheduling computing offloading

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