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Sheep grazing causes shift in sex ratio and cohort structure of Brandt’s vole:Implication of their adaptation to food shortage

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第1期11卷 76-84页

作者： Guoliang li xianglei HOU Xinrong WAN Zhibin ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

livestock grazing has been demonstrated to affect the population abundance of small rodents in grasslands,but the causative mechanism of grazing on demographic parameters,particularly the age structure and sex ratio,is rarely investigated.In this study,we examined the effects of sheep grazing on the cohort structure and sex ratio of Brandt’s vole(Lasiopodomys brandtii)in Inner Mongolia of China by using large manipulative experimental enclosures during 2010-2013.Our results indicated that sheep grazing significantly decreased the proportion of the spring-born cohort,but increased the proportion of the summer-born cohort.Grazing increased the proportion of males in both spring and summer cohorts.In addition,we found a negative relation between population density and the proportion of the overwinter cohort.Our results suggest that a shift in the cohort structure and the sex ratio may be an important strategy for small rodents to adapt to changes in food resources resulting from livestock grazing.

关键词： age structure food resources population demography population regulation sex ratio

Optimized design and experiment of a fully automated potted cotton seedling transplanting mechanism

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2020年第4期13卷 111-117页

作者： xianglei Xue lianhao li Chunlin Xu Enquan li Yujie Wang College of Engineering Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China

In order to improve the accuracy and stability of transplanting machine seedling picking,a seedling pick-up mechanism was designed,which was controlled by a controller and driven by brushless DC servo motor.At the same time,the parameters of the seedling manipulator were optimized:the mathematical model for the seedling pick-up mechanism was established.According to the predetermined trajectory requirements,the objective function and constraint conditions were proposed,and then the optimal size was obtained by a multi-objective genetic algorithm.At last,Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical Systems(ADAMS)software was used to simulate and analyze the kinematics and trajectory of the seedling pick-up mechanism,and the mechanism was tested to verify the effectiveness of the mechanism prototype.The experiments showed that the success rate of seedling picking was 94.32%,the rate of acceptably planted seedlings was 96.67%,and the rate of excellently planted seedlings was 63.48%.

关键词： cotton seedling transplanting machine kinematic model optimized design test full automation

Microarray microRNA profiling of urinary exosomes in a 5XFAD mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2021年第3期4卷 233-242页

作者： Zhiqi Song Yajin Qu Yanfeng Xu ling Zhang li Zhou Yunlin Han Wenjie Zhao Pin Yu Yu Zhang Xianglei Li Chuan Qin Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine Chinese Ministry of HealthBeijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious DiseasesInstitute of Laboratory Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine CenterPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

Background:Alzheimer's disease(AD)is an incurable and irreversible neurodegen-erative disease,without a clear pathogenesis.Therefore,identification of candidates before amyloid-βplaque(Aβ)deposition proceeds is of major significance for earlier intervention in AD.Methods:To explore the potential noninvasive earlier biomarkers of AD in a 5XFAD mouse model,microRNAs(miRNAs)from urinary exosomes in 1-month-old pre-Aβaccumulation 5XFAD mice models and their littermate controls were profiled by mi-croarray analysis.The differentially expressed miRNAs were further analyzed via droplet digital PCR(ddPCR).Results:Microarray analysis demonstrated that 48 differentially expressed miRNAs(18 upregulated and 30 downregulated),of which six miRNAs-miR-196b-5p,miR-339-3p,miR-34a-5p,miR-376b-3p,miR-677-5p,and miR-721-were predicted to display gene targets and important signaling pathways closely associated with AD pathogenesis and verified by ddPCR.Conclusions:Urinary exosomal miRNAs showing differences in expression prior to Aβ-plaque deposition were identified.These exosomal miRNAs represent potential noninvasive biomarkers that may be used to prevent AD in clinical applications.

关键词： 5XFAD mouse model Alzheimer's disease biomarkers microarray miRNA urinary exosome

Characterization of Skin Symbiotic Bacteria of Sympatric Amphibians in Southeastern China

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Asian Herpetological Research 2020年第4期11卷 381-393页

作者： Xuejiao YANG xianglei HOU li WEI Yu li Mingshuo QIN Tianjian SONG Yiming li Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Ecology Lishui UniversityLishui 323000ZhejiangChina

The fungal infection called chytridiomycosis,caused by Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis(Bd),has given rise to dramatic declines or extinctions of many amphibian species around the world;however,in Asia,this disease has shown a low zoospore load or scant mortality.One potential reason for this may be that certain unique community structures of amphibian skin symbiosis contribute to the outcome of the disease;nevertheless,we know very little about the microbiota in this region. In this study,we used skin swabs of five sympatric amphibian species that have various habitat preferences in lishui,Zhejiang Province,a place in southeastern China,to explore the skin bacterial communities by using 16 S rRNA amplicon sequencing.We detected a total of 1020 OTUs,belonging to 17 phyla,among which Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes dominated all five host species.Enterobacteriaceae and Exiguobacteraceae and the genera Escherichia and Exiguobacterium belonging to these two families were identified as the most abundant taxa on our focal species.The alpha diversity was significantly lower on the terrestrial species,and also the highly enriched Proteobacteria was found on the terrestrial species,Rana zhenhaiensis,whereas Actinobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Cyanobacteria and Firmicutes were more abundant on aquatic species than on the terrestrial species.Our results suggest that both host species and habitat sites are important factors driving skin microbial diversity and composition and that amphibians in China may harbour unique skin bacterial communities.This study helps elucidate amphibian skin microbial ecology,and with further efforts,the specific mechanism of the interaction between Bd and host amphibians in China could be elucidated.

关键词： bacterial communities ecomorphology frog microbiome skin

Air to fuel:Direct capture of CO_(2)from air and in-situ solar-driven conversion into syngas via Ni_(x)/NaA nanomaterials

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Nano Research 2023年第8期16卷 10899-10912页

作者： Cheng Tian Xianglei Liu Chenxi liu Shaoyang li Qiyan li Nan Sun Ke Gao Zhixing Jiang Kun Chang Yimin Xuan School of Energy and Power Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Key Laboratory of Thermal Management and Energy Utilization of Aviation Vehicles Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyNanjing 210016China School of Materials Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

Ever-increasing CO_(2)emissions and atmospheric concentration mainly due to the burning of traditional fossil fuels have caused severe global warming and climate change problems.Inspired by nature’s carbon cycle,we propose a novel dual functional catalyst-sorbent to tackle energy and environmental problems simultaneously via direct capture of CO_(2)from air and in-situ solar-driven conversion into clean fuels.Economically and operationally advantageous,the planned coupling reaction can be carried out in a single reactor without the requirement for an extra trapping device.The great CO_(2)capture and conversion performance in an integrated step is shown by the CO_(2)capacity of up to 0.38 mmol·g^(−1)for adsorption from 500 ppm CO_(2)at 25℃and the CO_(2)conversion rate of up to 95%.Importantly,the catalyst-sorbent is constituted of a nonprecious metal Ni catalyst and an inexpensive commercially available CO_(2)sorbent,viz,zeolite NaA.Furthermore,this designed dual functional material also exhibits outstanding stability performance.This work offers a novel pathway of capturing CO_(2)in the air at room temperature and converting it by CH4 into fuel,contributing to the new era of carbon neutrality.

关键词： direct CO_(2)capture solar fuel photothermocatalytic dry reforming

Interaction-Aware Cut-In Trajectory Prediction and Risk Assessment in Mixed Traffic

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第10期9卷 1752-1762页

作者： xianglei Zhu Wen Hu Zejian Deng Jinwei Zhang Fengqing Hu Rui Zhou Keqiu li Fei-Yue Wang the College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350 the China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co.Ltd. Tianjin 300300China the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body College of Mechanical and Vehicle EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China the Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L3G1Canada the School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China the Macao University of Science and Technology MacaoChina the Waytous Inc. Qingdao 266000China IEEE the State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Accurately predicting the trajectories of surrounding vehicles and assessing the collision risks are essential to avoid side and rear-end collisions caused by cut-in.To improve the safety of autonomous vehicles in the mixed traffic,this study proposes a cut-in prediction and risk assessment method with considering the interactions of multiple traffic participants.The integration of the support vector machine and Gaussian mixture model(SVM-GMM)is developed to simultaneously predict cut-in behavior and trajectory.The dimension of the input features is reduced through Chebyshev fitting to improve the training efficiency as well as the online inference performance.Based on the predicted trajectory of the cut-in vehicle and the responsive actions of the autonomous vehicles,two risk measurements are introduced to formulate the comprehensive interaction risk through the combination of Sigmoid function and Softmax function.Finally,the comparative analysis is performed to validate the proposed method using the naturalistic driving data.The results show that the proposed method can predict the trajectory with higher precision and effectively evaluate the risk level of a cut-in maneuver compared to the methods without considering interaction.

关键词： Cut-in behavior interaction-aware mixed traffic risk assessment trajectory prediction

The influence of pore size distribution on thermal conductivity,permeability, and phase change behavior of hierarchical porous materials

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2021年第11期64卷 2485-2494页

作者： liU xianglei SONG FangZhou XU Qiao LUO QingYang TIAN Yang li JiaWei YANG XinMeng JIN Yi School of Energy and Power Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Key L aboratory of Thermal Management and Energy Utilization of Aviation Vehicles Ministry of Industry and Information Technology'Nanjing 210016China Jiangsu Jinhe Energy Technology Co.Lfd. Zhenjiang 212000China

Porous foams have been widely employed to improve heat storage rate and prevent leakage of phase change materials(PCMs).Actual porous foams have non-uniform or hierarchical pore size distribution, which is usually neglected in most researches.Here, we establish hierarchical porous models considering different pore size distributions by using Voronoi tessellations. Effects of pore size distribution on thermal conductivity, permeability, and phase change behavior of hierarchical porous foams/PCMs composites are investigated. Uneven pore size distributions are found to decrease the thermal conductivity of porous foams to some extent. On the other hand, the permeability can be reduced by 27.6%, and the heat storage rate can be improved by 7.7% by introducing moderate hierarchy without changing the total porosity. This work opens a new route to enhance heat storage performance of PCMs via leveraging hierarchy of pore size distribution of porous foams.

关键词： pore size distribution heat storage performance phase change hierarchical porous materials

Granular porous calcium carbonate particles for scalable and high-performance solar-driven thermochemical heat storage

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2021年第10期64卷 2142-2152页

作者： SONG Chao liU xianglei XUAN YiMin ZHENG HangBin GAO Ke TENG liang DA Yun li Chuan li Yongliang DING YuLong School of Energy and Power Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Key Laboratory of Thermal Management and Energy Utilization of Aviation Vehicles Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyNanjing 210016China College of Environmental and Energy Engineering Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Birmingham Centre for Energy Storage School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK

Calcium carbonate is promising thermochemical heat storage material for next-generation solar power systems due to its high energy storage density,low cost,and high operation temperature.Researchers have tried to improve energy storage performances of calcium carbonate recently,but most researches focus on powders,which are not suitable for scalable applications.Here,novel granular porous calcium carbonate particles with very high solar absorptance,energy storage density,abrasive resistances,and energy storage rate are proposed for direct solar thermochemical heat storage.The average solar absorptance is improved by 234%compared with ordinary particles.Both cycle stability and abrasive resistances are excellent with almost no decay of energy storage density over 25 cycles nor apparent particle weight loss over 24 h of continuous operation insides a planetary ball mill.In addition,the decomposition temperature is reduced by 2.8%–5.6%while the reaction rate of heat storage is enhanced by 80%–205%depending on the CO_(2) partial pressure.The decomposition process of doped granular porous CaCO_(3) particles is found to involve three overlapping processes.This work provides new routes to achieve scalable direct solar thermochemical heat storage for next-generation high-temperature solar power systems.

关键词： thermochemical energy storage calcium carbonate solar absorptance cycle stability abrasive resistances kinetics analysis

Application of eDNA Metabarcoding for Detecting Anura in North China

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Asian Herpetological Research 2022年第4期13卷 224-231页

作者： Wenhao li Mingshuo QIN xianglei HOU Jiaqi ZHANG Siqi WANG Yu li Zexu LUO Teng DENG Tianjian SONG Chunxia XU Xuan liU Xuyu WANG Yiming li School of life Sciences Institute of Life Sciences and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaoding 071002HebeiChina Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Ecology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000GansuChina

eDNA metabarcoding is an advanced method formonitoring biodiversityproposed in recent years.By analyzing DNA in water,soil and sediment samples,the technology obtains species distribution and population quantity information.It was found that macrobarcode technology is more accurate than the traditional method in measuring the species richness of some groups.In Europe,America and South America,the relia bility of this technology in monitoring amphibian diversity in the wild was studied,and it was found to be better than traditional biodiversity monitoring methods in detecting species diversity.At present,amphibian monitoring mainly depends on various traditional methods,such as transects,drift fence traps,artificial shelters and mark-recapture.These monitoring techniques have many shortcomings,such as low accuracy and strong subjectivity of study results.These technologies have poor effects on rare,invasive and endangered species with strong concealment ability,low density and strong seasonality and are difficult to implement in sites inaccessible to people.Traditional monitoring technology also requires considerable investment of human and material resources,and the economic cost is relatively high,while eDNA metabarcoding ismore efficient and less costly,so it is important to use eDNA meta barcoding in amphibian monitoring in China.In this study,the eDNA meta barcoding and traditional line transect method(TLTM)were used to study the characteristics of the two methods in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebeiregion.Repeated samplingwas conducted on 58 waterbodies in July 2019 and June 2020.After sequencing the samples using highthroughput sequencing technology,the differences between metabarcoding and commonly used TLTM surveys in detecting the diversity of four amphibians in North China were assessed.Our results showed that eDNA meta barcoding is more sensitive to the detection of the four amphibian species in the sampling area,and the combined use of eDNA metabarcoding and TLTM can improve the survey results of amphibians i

关键词： anura biodiversity eDNA metabarcoding